否定句的使用方法與分類

　　否定句表示否定的句子，必須有否定詞，那么你對否定句的用法了解多少呢?以下是由學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理關(guān)于否定句的用法的內(nèi)容，希望大家喜歡!

　　否定句的用法

　　一、動詞的否定轉(zhuǎn)移

　　1.形式上否定主句的謂語，實(shí)際上是否定從句的謂語

　　當(dāng)動詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”的主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞為沒有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，它們的否定式實(shí)際上是對賓語從句的否定。表示說話者提出一種委婉的看法或主張。如：

　　I think that he will help us.——I don’t think that he will help us. 我認(rèn)為它不會幫助我們。

　　I believe that he is right.——I don’t believe that he is right. 我認(rèn)為他不對。

　　I suppose that he likes it.——I don’t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜歡它。

　　2. 形式上否定謂語動詞，實(shí)際上否定復(fù)合賓語

　　當(dāng)動詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”、“find”的主語是第一人稱、謂語動詞為沒有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，它們前面的否定式實(shí)際上是對復(fù)合賓語的否定。表示說話者所提出的一種委婉的看法或主張。如：

　　I think math difficult. — I don’t think math difficult. 我認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)不難。

　　I find the story interesting. — I don’t find the story interesting. 我認(rèn)為這個故事沒有趣。

　　I expect so. —I don’t expect so. 我認(rèn)為不會。

　　注意：動詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”在下列情況下，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移：

　　(1)這些動詞跟其他另一個動詞一起做并列謂語時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

　　I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他將不會那樣做。

　　I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我覺得并且也承認(rèn)我們并不愚蠢。

　　(2)用于疑問句時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

　　Do you think it is not going to rain? 你認(rèn)為天不會下雨嗎?

　　Don’t you believe that he has done a good thing? 難道你不相信他做了一件好事?

　　(3)用作插入語時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

　　Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不會生你的氣。

　　Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想湯姆不會反對。

　　Mike, I believe, hasn’t seen the film. 我認(rèn)為邁克沒有看這場電影。

　　(4)動詞前有其他副詞修飾時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

　　I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的確不認(rèn)為我們有必要去那兒。

　　I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我強(qiáng)烈地認(rèn)為他不應(yīng)該做那樣的事。

　　(5)動詞為非一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或主語不是第一人稱時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。

　　I thought that he wouldn’t come back soon. 我原以為他不會回來得這么快。

　　She didn’t believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它變成了一個好孩子。

　　He thinks that he isn’t fit for the job. 他認(rèn)為他不適合這件工作。

　　He doesn’t believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我們告訴他的事是真的。

　　(6)當(dāng)賓語從句中含的否定為“not……at all”、“not a little”、“not a few”、“not enough”、“can’t help”等固定搭配時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

　　I think that he doesn’t know it at all. 我想他對那一點(diǎn)也不知道。

　　I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我認(rèn)為如果你想把這門語言學(xué)好，那么只記單詞是不夠的。

　　I believe that you can’t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信當(dāng)你在奧運(yùn)會上獲得第一名時(shí)你會情不自禁地唱起國歌來。

　　(7)當(dāng)賓語從句中含“no”、“nothing”、“nobody”、“nowhere”、“hardly”、“seldom”、“little”、“few”等否定詞或半否詞時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：

　　I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放棄。

　　I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我認(rèn)為如果這艘船沉入海底的話，那么誰也逃不掉。

　　I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一個言語不多的人。

　　二、語的否定轉(zhuǎn)移

　　有些句子形式上否定謂語動詞，實(shí)際上是對句子后面狀語進(jìn)行否定。如：

　　Let’s not talk about it here. 我們別在這里談吧。

　　Don’t read in the sun. 不要在陽光下看書。

　　Don’t talk with your mouth full of food. 不要口里含著食物說話。

　　否定句的分類

　　(1)一般否定句

　　I don't know this. No news is good news.

　　There is no person(smoking)/not a person/not any person(smoking)in the house.

　　(2)特指否定

　　He went to his office, not to see him.

　　I am sorry for not coming on time.

　　I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.

　　(3)部分否定

　　All the answers are not right

　　All is not gold that glitters

　　I don't know all of them.

　　I can't see everybody/everything.

　　Both of them are not right.

　　(4)全體否定

　　None of my friends smoke.

　　I can see nothing/nobody.

　　Neither of them is right.

　　Nothing can be so simple as this.

　　(5)延續(xù)否定

　　You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.

　　You don't know, I don't know either.

　　He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of(更不用說)French.

　　(6)半否定句

　　We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.

　　I know little English. I saw few people.

　　(7)雙重否定

　　You can't make something out of nothing.

　　What's done cannot be undone.

　　There is no sweet without sweat.

　　No gain without pains.

　　I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.

　　No man is so old but(that)he can learn.

　　(8)排除否定

　　Everyone is ready except you.

　　He did nothing but play.

　　But for your help, I couldn't do it.

　　(9)加強(qiáng)否定

　　I won't do it at all.

　　I can't see it any more.

　　He is no longer a bo
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