and的用法
and的用法
And是英語中一個普通的連詞,然而and并非只作并列連詞用,它還具有一些不太常見的表達方式和意義,應(yīng)根據(jù)上下文的特殊環(huán)境,作出判斷才能準確理解其用法和意思。and的用法有哪些呢?本文是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理and的用法的資料,僅供參考。
and的用法
1.and作并列連詞,譯為“和、并且”等,當連接三個以上的并列成分時,它放在最后一個成分之前,其余用逗號分開,例如:
He bought a book and a pen.他買了一本書和一支筆。
Solid,liquid and gas are the three states of matter.固態(tài)、液態(tài)和氣態(tài)是物質(zhì)的三種狀態(tài)。
2.名詞+and+名詞,若這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示一個概念時,and+名詞相當于介詞with+名詞,譯為“附帶、兼”的意思,例如:
Noodle and egg is a kind of delicious food.(and egg=with egg)雞蛋面是一種美味食物。
Whose is this watch and chain?(and chain=with chain)這塊帶表鏈的手表是誰的?
3.名詞復(fù)數(shù)+and+同一名詞的復(fù)數(shù),強調(diào)連續(xù)或眾多的含義。例如:
There are photos and photos.照片一張接著一張。
They saw film hours and hours last week.上星期他們一小時接一小時地看電影。
4.形容詞+and+形容詞,這種結(jié)構(gòu)形似并列,實際并非并列結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
This roon is nice and warm(= nicely warm).
The coffee is nice and hot(=thoroughly hot).
5.用and連接動詞的用法:and+動詞作目的狀語。動詞 go(come,stop等)+and+動詞,此時,and+動詞相當于in order to+動詞,例如:
?、買'll go and bring back your boots,(go and bring back=go in order to bringback)我去把你的靴子拿來。
?、赼nd+動詞,起現(xiàn)在分詞的作用,表示方式或伴隨情況。例如:
He sat and waited.(and waited=waiting)他坐著等。
?、踑nd+同一動詞表示動作長時間地“繼續(xù)”或“重復(fù)”,例如:
We waited and waited.我們等呀等。
6.用來補充語意起強調(diào)作用,例如:
You have to send in the application and(that)without delay.你得交上申請表格,不能拖延。
He can express his ideas in English and(that) effectiyely.他能用英語準確地表達自己的想法。
7.用來連接一句祈使句和一句陳述句,這里祈使句+and相當于if„,例如:
Persevere,and you will succeed.
Make haste,and you will get there in time.
以上兩句分別改為:
If you persevere,you will succeed.
If you make haste,you will get there in time.
8.用于插入語中作為一種評語,例如:
He has a somewhat swelled head,and I don't like this.
They refused to sign the agreement and that's not surprising which put us in anawkward position.
9.表示對比,例如:
Mary likes music and Jim is fond of sports.
He was so rich and lived like a beggar.
10.表示條件,例如:
Use your head,and you'll find a way.
Think it over again and you'll find a way out.
11.表示因果關(guān)系,例如:
He heard a cry for help,and he rushed ont of the house.
12.表示先后順序,例如:
He read for an hour and went to bed
13.表示意義增補,例如:
He is Jack of all trades and master of none.
14.用and連接比較級,表示程度逐步增強,意思是“越來越”,例如:
In winter the day is getting shorter and shorter.冬季,白天變得越來越短。
15.用and重疊句子表示“又、再”,例如:
We read the book again and again.我們反復(fù)閱讀這本書。
16.表示時間的一致性,例如:
She slept and dreamed last night.
17.用來加強其后面的詞或詞組,例如:
She has lost her pencil and that one is new.
18.有時形容詞的同位語由and引出,此時譯為“即,也就是”,例如:
The third and last point is how to be a good student.第三點,也就是最后一點,是如何成為一名優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。
19.表示遞進,例如:
He did the work and he did it well.
20.用在句子的開頭以表示連續(xù)性和驚訝的意思,例如:
And he said to John.接著他對約翰說。
And is it true?這是真的嗎?
21.連接數(shù)詞,譯為“加”,例如:
4 and 2makes 6.4加2等于6。
22.and構(gòu)成習(xí)語,例如:
Ways and means,part and parcel,heart and soul,pick and choose.
23.構(gòu)成一些短語,例如:
and so(所以),and so on(等等),and then(然后,其次),and yet(然而)„
and的九大用法要點
1. 連接兩個相同的比較級,表示“越來越……”。如:
It moves faster and faster. 它動得越來越快。
Your work is getting better and better. 你的工作干得越來越好了。
2. 連接兩個相同的動詞,表示動作的反復(fù)或連續(xù)。如:
He coughed and coughed. 他咳個不停。
He tried and tried but without success. 他試了又試,但沒有成功。
3. 連接兩個相同的名詞,表示“許多”或“有各種各樣的” (即有好的也有壞的)。如:
They talked for hours and hours. 他們談了很長時間。
There are books and books. 有各種各樣的書(即書有好壞之分)。
4. 在口語中用在 come, go, run, stay, stop, try 等之后表示目的(and 在此相當于不定式符號 to)。如:
Come and have a look. 來看一看。
We will try and get one tomorrow. 我們明天設(shè)法弄一個來。
We ought to stop and think. 我們應(yīng)該停下來想一想。
Will you go and fetch me some paper, please? 請你去給我拿點紙來好嗎?
以上動詞除 try 只能用原形外,其它動詞都可有多種形式。如:
正:We stayed and had a drink with him. 我們留下來同他喝 了一杯。
正:We stopped and bought some flowers. 我們停下來買了些 花。
誤:He tried and finished the work in time.
注:在 come, go 之后的 and 有時可以省略(尤其在美國英語中)。如:
I’ll come (and) see you later. 我晚些時候再來看你。
5. 用在祈使句后,表示結(jié)果,意為“那么”(暗示一種條件)。如:
Work hard and you’ll pass the examinations (=If you work
hard, you’ll pass the examinations). 努力吧,你考試會及格的。
Arrive late once more and you’re fired (=If you arrivelate once more, you’re fired). 再遲到一次,就把你開除。
有時也可以不是用于祈使句后表示結(jié)果。如:
One more step and I will fire. 你再動一步,我就要開槍了。
6. 用在 good, nice, fine 等之后,表示“很”、“挺”。如:
It’s nice and cool under the tree. 這樹下很涼快。
The book is nice and expensive. 這本書很貴。
7. 在主從復(fù)合句中,不要在主句前誤加 and。如:
要是下雨,我們就呆在家里。
正:If it rains, we’ll stay at home.
誤:If it rains, and we’ll stay at home.
8. 某些用 and 連接的兩個詞,與漢語順序相反,不要按漢語詞序顛倒過來。如:
rich and poor 貧富 land and water 水陸
right and left 左右 north and south 南北
food and drink 飲食 food and clothing 衣食
9. 比較以下各組句子有無連詞 and 的差別:
天氣晴朗,我們出去散了步。
正:The weather being fine, we went out for a walk.
正:The weather was fine, and we went out for a walk.
教室里包括老師有五個人。
正:In the classroom there are five people, the teacher included.
正:In the classroom there are five people, and the teacher was included.
他有兩個小孩,都很頑皮(from www.hxen.com)。
正:He has two children, both of whom are naughty.
正:He has two children, and both of them are naughty.
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