常后接to do sth和for [of] doing sth的名詞
1. capacity 能力,才能
表示做某事的能力,capacity后可接 to do sth, for doing sth, of doing sth。如:
He has a great capacity for enjoying himself. 他很會(huì)想辦法自得其樂(lè)。
Her capacity to remember facts is remarkable. 她的記憶力很驚人。
The boy shows a great capacity to learn [of learning, for learning] languages. 這孩子顯露出學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的卓越能力。
2. means 方式,方法,手段;財(cái)力,金錢(qián)
(1) 表示做某事的財(cái)力,其后通常接不定式,且尤其見(jiàn)于have the means to do sth這一結(jié)構(gòu)。如:
He doesn’t have the means to support a wife and child. 他沒(méi)有錢(qián)養(yǎng)活妻子和孩子。
Small businesses don’t have the means to develop a sophisticated Internet presence. 小企業(yè)通常沒(méi)有財(cái)力投資建設(shè)復(fù)雜的因特網(wǎng)平臺(tái)。
(2) 表示做某事的方法,means后通常接of doing sth。如:
We had no means of warning them. 我們沒(méi)有辦法警告他們。
There is no means of finding out what happened. 無(wú)法弄清發(fā)生了什么事情。
Can you devise a means of overcoming the problem? 你能想出法子來(lái)解決這個(gè)難題嗎?
有時(shí)也可后接不定式,但不如后接of doing sth常見(jiàn)。如:
My English teacher provided me with the means to enjoy reading poetry. 我的英語(yǔ)老師告訴了我欣賞詩(shī)歌的方法。
另外,有時(shí)也可后接 for doing sth,也不如用of doing sth 常見(jiàn)。如:
It’s an effective means for finding qualified job applicants. 這是尋找合適求職者的有效方法。
3. responsibility
(1) 表示做某事的責(zé)任或負(fù)責(zé)做某事,其后通常接of [for] doing sth,而不接不定式。如:
Mr Smith will take the responsibility of [for] doing the experiment. 史密斯先生將負(fù)責(zé)做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。
She is charged with the responsibility of [for] receiving callers and answering letters. 她被安排負(fù)責(zé)接待來(lái)訪者和回信。
(2) 但是,在have [feel] a responsibility結(jié)構(gòu)后可以接不定式。如:
Every citizen has a responsibility to vote. 每個(gè)公民都有投票選舉的責(zé)任。
They have a responsibility to discover which wives have walked out on their husbands. 他們有責(zé)任找出哪些妻子拋棄了丈夫。
注:類(lèi)似下面這樣的句子,responsibility后面的不定式不是定語(yǔ),而是句子主語(yǔ):
To my mind it’s the government’s responsibility to help these people. 依我看幫助這些人是政府的責(zé)任。