英語語法謂語語法解析
英語語法謂語語法解析
你知道英語中的謂語是什么嗎?它在句子中充當什么成分?下面是學習啦小編給大家整理的英語語法謂語解析,供大家參閱!
英語語法謂語解析
謂語(predicate verb)是對主語動作或狀態(tài)的陳述或說明,指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么樣”。謂語動詞的位置一般在主語之后。
謂語由動詞構(gòu)成,依據(jù)其在句中繁簡程度可把謂語分為簡單謂語和復(fù)合謂語兩類。不論何種時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣,凡由一個動詞(或動詞詞組)構(gòu)成的謂語都是簡單謂語。
謂語動詞一般由動詞的各種時態(tài)來體現(xiàn)。例如:
I like walking. (一般現(xiàn)在時主動語態(tài))
I made your birthday cake last night. (一般過去時主動語態(tài))
It is used by travellers and business people all over the world. (一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài))
復(fù)合謂語也可分為兩種情況:
第一種是由情態(tài)動詞,助動詞+不帶to的動詞不定式構(gòu)成的復(fù)合謂語:
What does this word mean?
I won't do it again.
You'd better catch a bus.
第二種是由連系動詞+表語構(gòu)成的復(fù)合謂語。例如:
The weather gets warmer, and the days get longer.
Keep quiet and listen to me.
He looked worried.
英語語法謂語解析:并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)
Reading and writing are very important.
注意: 當主語由and連結(jié)時,如果它表示一個單一的概念,即指同一人或同一物時,謂語動詞用單數(shù),and 此時連接的兩個詞前只有一個冠詞。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.
典型例題
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注: 先從時態(tài)上考慮。這是過去發(fā)生的事情應(yīng)用過去時,先排除A.,C.。本題易誤選D,因為The League secretary and monitor 好象是兩個人,但仔細辨別, monitor 前沒有the,在英語中,當一人兼數(shù)職時只在第一個職務(wù)前加定冠詞。后面的職務(wù)用and 相連。這樣本題主語為一個人,所以應(yīng)選B。
英語語法謂語解析:謂語動詞與前面的主語一致
當主語后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等詞引起的短語時,謂語動詞與前面的主語一致。
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
He as well as I wants to go boating.
英語語法謂語解析:謂語需用單數(shù)
1) 代詞each和由every, some, no, any等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語,或主語中含有each, every, 謂語需用單數(shù)。
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2) 當主語是一本書或一條格言時,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
<<天方夜譚>>是英語愛好者熟悉的一本好書。
3) 表示金錢,時間,價格或度量衡的復(fù)合名詞作主語 時,通常把這些名詞看作一個整體,謂語一般用單數(shù)。(用復(fù)數(shù)也可,意思不變。)
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
英語語法謂語解析:指代意義決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)
1) 在代詞what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由其指代的詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。
All is right. (一切順利。)
All are present. (所有人都到齊了。)
2) 集體名詞作主語時,謂語的數(shù)要根據(jù)主語的意思來決定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等詞后用復(fù)數(shù)形式時,意為這個集體中的各個成員,用單數(shù)時表示該個集體。
His family isn't very large. 他家不是一個大家庭。
His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音樂愛好者。
但集合名詞people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情況下都用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Are there any police around?
3)有些名詞,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有時看作單數(shù),有時看作復(fù)數(shù)。
A number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)動詞。
The number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+單數(shù)動詞。
A number of books have lent out.
The majority of the students like English.
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