雅思口語話題：歷史建筑
雅思口語Part 2的話題大概分為四類：人物類、地點(diǎn)類、事件類以及物品類。今天我們來看如何描述歷史建筑。文中會提到地道的英語詞匯，還有如何地道的表達(dá)，一起來看看吧!
雅思口語話題：歷史建筑
首先，告訴大家一個方法：無論是讓你描述你曾經(jīng)參觀過的歷史古跡，還是你所在城市的歷史古跡，你可以只準(zhǔn)備一個話題。大家看著兩個問題：
Describe a historical building you have been to.
Describe an important historical building in your city.
Describe an important historical building that you know.
這幾個問題其實就是把一個問題換成了不同問法，其他地點(diǎn)類的話題也都是一樣的，考生可以用一個答案回答所有問題，以不變應(yīng)萬變。就像大家都知道的這個下聯(lián)“一枝紅杏出墻來“，它原來是對”春色滿園關(guān)不住”的，但只要大腦轉(zhuǎn)地快， ”一枝紅杏出墻來”可以對所有上聯(lián)!例如：
月落烏啼霜滿天，一枝紅杏出墻來。
待的山花爛漫時，一枝紅杏出墻來。
關(guān)于這個歷史古跡的話題，我選的是眾所周知的建筑：長城。(備注：文章最后有彩蛋!)
選擇描述長城的原因：
第一，這個實在是太出名，老外幾乎都知道，所以當(dāng)考生一說它的名字時，考官的大腦中就會出現(xiàn)長城的畫面，這樣就算考生描述的不清楚時， 也不會令考官感到一頭霧水，心想這是哪個建筑呀。
第二，長城這個建筑還可以用來回答：描述一個不同尋常的建筑。
第三，長城的英文名字" The Great Wall"實在是太好記了!簡單又生動!我自己對于岳陽樓，寧波天一閣和泉州東西塔這類歷史古跡的英文名字記住后總是會忘記，而且考生說出名字來后外國人不知道的幾率很大，這也就增大了考生描述的難度。
第四，在Part2 部分描述長城更容易在Part3部分中展開話題討論。因為長城所代表的意義和作用太多了，考生可以從它的歷史談到現(xiàn)在，話題不會枯竭。
Part2 的話題是歷史建筑，所以Part3部分考官就會問考生與古建筑有關(guān)的問題， 經(jīng)常會出的問題有：
Why do people visit the historical building?
Is it necessary to protect the historical building?
Do you think that historic buildings should be protected by the government?
看看這些問題再想想長城，是不是覺得不會很難展開討論。
接下來我們來介紹一些地道實用的建筑類的英語詞匯，這些詞匯會讓你的口語在考試時脫穎而出!
to prevent invaders——防止入侵者，這個就特別適合用來描述長城的歷史意義。
an engineering and construction feat——這個詞語用在談?wù)撻L城或其他建筑就很好。
human accomplishment——人類的成就
最后我們看看如何使用上面的單詞地道地談?wù)撐覈拈L城，例句
The Great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China actually consists of numberous walls and fortifications.
It was orginally conceived by Emperor Qin Shi Huang (ca. 259-210 BC) in the third century BC as a means of keeping out the Mongol Hordes invading the country.
The best-known and best-preserved section of the Great Wall was bui 14th through 17th centuries, during the Ming dynasty (1368-1644).
Though the Great Wall never effectively prevented invaders from entering China, it's still a massive engineering and constructionfeat and human accomplishment.
中國的長城實際上包括多個城墻和防御工事。它是公元前三世紀(jì)秦始皇(公元前259-210)的一種原始構(gòu)想，旨在阻止蒙古部落入侵該國。長城最著名和保存最完整的部分是14至17世紀(jì)，明朝(1368-1644)。盡管長城從未有效地阻止入侵者進(jìn)入中國，但它仍然是一項巨大的工程和建筑壯舉以及人類的成就
這里是兩顆彩蛋哦!
如果你不想談?wù)撻L城，覺得太多人說這個了，你想要的是與眾不同，這里有兩個國外歷史悠久的建筑可以說。
彩蛋1：the colosseum(羅馬斗獸場)，例句：
The colosseum is in Rome and is remnant of a civilization that once controlled the known world.
It is breath-takingnot only for its beauty but also for its history and age.Visitors stand in the spot Caesar walked and gaze into the arena where gladiators battled to the death.
The Colosseum has slowly crumbled throughout the ages, and much of it is restricted now.
地道表達(dá)詞匯：
breath-taking
crumbled throughout the ages (好好理解下這個短語的語境)
彩蛋2：Taj Mahal——泰姬陵，例句：
Built in the 1600s, this building in Agra, India, is a testament to undying love. This white marble tomb bulit for Emperor Shah Jahan's deceased wife is a must-seefor everyone.
In 1983, it was named a UNESCO World Heritage site, and also has been named one of the New Seven Wonders annually, so there have been recentrestrictions on tourism in an effort to help protect the site. However, the greatest threat is the air pollution that is destroying the marble.
這座建筑建于17世紀(jì)的印度阿格拉，是對不朽愛情的證明。這個白色大理石墓葬為皇帝沙賈汗已故的妻子是每個游客必看的。 1983年，它被命名為聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)，并且每年都被命名為新七大奇跡之一，因此最近對旅游業(yè)進(jìn)行了限制，以幫助保護(hù)該遺址。然而，最大的威脅是破壞大理石的空氣污染。
地道表達(dá)詞匯：
must-see——每個城市或地區(qū)都有它獨(dú)特的建筑或風(fēng)光，都有必看景點(diǎn)，所以談?wù)摻ㄖ蚵糜蔚葧r這個詞是非常地道且使用的表達(dá)。
restrictions on tourism
(備注：口語成績高低不在于說的是國內(nèi)的還是國外的建筑，在于考生說得好不好，地不地道。考生說得比別人地道那你就會脫穎而出。)
雅思口語part2新題：喜歡的建筑
Describe a building you like
You should say:
Where it is
What it is used for
What it looks like
And explain why you like or dislike it
雅思口語part2話題參考范文
When I was on vacation last summer I saw a lot of interesting places, but one that sticks in my mind is a tower, well actually some people called it a fort – it was constructed a long time ago, in the 17 century. It was used to guard the shore against invasions from enemies and for that reason it had a semicircular gun platform, or an artillery battery, which was able to defend against attacks from the sea.
The design of the building is quite simple; it’s a four-walled structure with a pentagonal turret (or tower) at each corner. The entrance to the tower is via a drawbridge – just like you see in old castles, and there is a moat all around the structure, although now it’s a ditch without any water.
It’s been used for various purposes over the centuries, obviously for defense, also as a prison, and more recently it housed a restaurant as well as a pizzeria although when I visited it the building was closed and apparently now it isn’t actually used for anything – it’s just a historical site – but we were lucky enough to see a special event there – a historical re-enactment of one of the important events that happened during an invasion – this was part of a celebration of the building’s 400th year.
The interesting thing is – it’s not a famous building like the Eiffel Tower or the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, it wasn’t built by a well-known architect or anyone famous, but it’s size and appearance in contrast to the area around it – and its commanding view of the sea are quite impressive, not to mention the fact that it’s more than 400 hundred years old and it’s still standing there – very imposing. When we were standing inside we could almost ‘feel’ the history in its walls and you could easily imagine how things were at the time it was built – it has such a presence. That’s why I think it’s an interesting building – because of how it made me feel.
雅思口語part3問題及參考答案
Is it important to conserve old buildings? Why?
The old buildings are the representatives of the history. They tell the past stories of thousand years and let us know about different issues like how they lived, how their living styles were, what they did, what sort of construction style they had and more other necessary information. If the historical buildings are not preserved, people will be unable to learn about their pasts. It is important to know about the origin, the forefathers and the past in order to live with dignity. If the important buildings are not preserved, the national history will go under oblivion. Moreover, the young generation of a country will be unaware of its history and the greatness of the nation. Usually, the old buildings contain the relics and people develop their idea over their past which is another cause for preserving the old establishments.
Is the history useful for the coming generations? Why?
History is always useful. It teaches us different important lessons and most of the people who have succeeded in life have taken their learning from the history. So, history is also useful for the coming generations. It may happen that they are in some sort of trouble and if they look back in history, they will find that there were some other people who also had the same troubles and got rid in any specific way. Thus, history helps them to get out of any troublesome situation. Moreover, if they are in any critical situations, they could take help of history, but it should be remembered that history does always not refer the events old about 100 years.
What is the difference between houses built in the past and now?
The basic difference between the house of past and current is space. Earlier, the houses were made more spacious and covered large spaces to be built. But with the increasing population, the houses are made in small space and the number of houses is on the increase. Moreover, the past houses were designed after different distinctive styles. There were ample spaces for recreation and entertainment for the residents. But in the current days, apartments are being made with lower space and even at times they do not have proper walking space in the staircase. Earlier, the houses covered horizontal space but now they are vertical.
What are the differences in sizes of houses? Why?
The house sizes are different for various reasons and the top most cause is the increased population around the world. To meet the demand of the growing population, the house sizes are becoming small. Currently, it is almost impossible to build a house covering a large space for the living of a family in a comfortable manner rather the large space could be used to build apartment blocks or residential towers that could house several families instead of one family. Accommodation is one of the greatest challenges in the coming days and already people are experiencing the problem in different cities of the world.
Do you prefer a big or a small house? Why?
I prefer living in a big house because the environment of a big house is comfortable. The houses are made in such manner that light and air could pass easily. Moreover, the houses allow the people exercising some hobbies (I like gardening) and if there are spaces, the residents could make gardens before the house which will increase the beauty of the house. But if it is a small house, the options are rare. Moreover, the architectural style of the big houses is usually very attractive and good looking which attracts me more. But the small houses are made commercially to accommodate people, not to exercise their hobbies.
雅思口語高頻詞匯：建筑相關(guān)表達(dá)
1.landmark地標(biāo)
2.skyscraper摩天大廈
3.external外部的
4.delicatedesign巧妙的設(shè)計
5.well-preserved保護(hù)良好的
6.old-fashionhouse老式房屋
7.landscapearchitecture園林建筑
8.religious宗教的;虔誠的
9.unique獨(dú)特的，稀罕的
雅思：考口語時說得太簡單?試試完成時態(tài)吧!
在口語考試當(dāng)中，有的烤鴨能夠基本上保持流利度，基本準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用自己學(xué)過的單詞短語，卻永遠(yuǎn)5.5，無法達(dá)到6分的目標(biāo)。短期內(nèi)又要參加下一次考試，想要系統(tǒng)提高發(fā)音水平是非常困難的，那么該怎么辦?
——憋著急!從評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來看，占1/4的語法，也是一個比較簡單的突破點(diǎn)哦!時態(tài)、語態(tài)、句型，可以運(yùn)用的技巧很多，各位看官不妨從完成時態(tài)開始，仔細(xì)研究一番。
我們往往被告知，在雅思口語當(dāng)中，越簡單的答案，越能夠得到考官的青睞。K.I.S.S(Keep it simple stupid)原則也深深為廣大烤鴨認(rèn)同。把考官當(dāng)做一個6歲的孩子來和其聊天，也不失為一種將難題簡化、深入淺出的極佳方式。但是，如果從頭到尾用簡單句——萬年不變的一般現(xiàn)在時、主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)、主動語態(tài)，是很難刺激考官聽覺的。這種simple，并不是keep it simple中的simple。Simple的正確打開方式：加入多樣化的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和表達(dá)方式。這并不意味著讓答案變得complex，而是impressive and unique。
__HAT? ——完成時打開方式
1 現(xiàn)在完成時：
基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + have + v.-ed
概念：從過去某個不確定時間開始，到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成。
標(biāo)志性時間詞：since + 具體時間點(diǎn)/過去的動作/段時間 + ago, for + 段時間
2 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時
基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + have been + v.-ing
概念：從過去某個不確定時間開始，到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成，有可能繼續(xù)下去。
標(biāo)志性時間詞：so far, up till now, all night, all day, thewhole day, since + 具體時間點(diǎn)/過去的動作/段時間 + ago, for + 段時間
__OW? ——完成時運(yùn)用方法&實例
Part 1：
1)考官問題：Are you a student or doyou work?
普通烤鴨：I’m a student. I study in Changjun MiddleSchool.
用心烤鴨：I’m a student. I have been studying in Changjun Middle school for two and a halfyears.
2)考官問題：Did you like scienceclasses when you were young?
普通烤鴨：Yes. When I was young, I liked scienceclasses very much. My science teacher was very funny.
用心烤鴨：Yes, I’vebeen really keen on science since I had my first science class at the ageof seven. I’ve learned a lot about it since then.
3)考官問題：What are the mostpopular subjects in China?
普通烤鴨：I think Chinese and Math are the most popularsubjects in our country. They’re very interesting.
用心烤鴨：As far as I know, English has been one of the most popularsubjects in our country for at least two decades. I mean, since the 1990s, thegovernment has tried to promote thelanguage levels of the public as the country is opening up to the world.
4)考官問題：Why did you choose that university?
普通烤鴨：Because my parents told me that theuniversity was very famous and they hope I can get a good education.
用心烤鴨：Because _x university has long been considered to be one of the most prestigiousuniversities in China and my parents wanted to make sure that I get a goodeducation.
2 Part 2
考生可能覺得臨時想段子有難度，那么也可以直接背誦幾個常用的完成時態(tài)表達(dá)來替換自己Part 2答案的常用表達(dá)，比如：
have / has been dreamingof doing代替want to do
sb have / has beenconsidered to be adj.代替 sb. is adj.
sb. had been askingfor sth. before …代替 sb. wanted sth. when …
have / has beenworking/learning …
1) Part 2地點(diǎn)題：Describe a foreign country youwould like to go. / Describe a special journey you would like to go in the future. /Describe a place near water.
普通烤鴨：I wanted to travel to Philippines when I sawthe beautiful pictures.
用心烤鴨：I’ve been dreamingof visiting Philippinessince I first learned about it from a magazine called National Geography.
2) Part 2人物題：Describe a person you admire who isolder than you. / Describe a person in the news that you would like to meet. /Describe a family member.
普通烤鴨：I’d like to talk about my tutor. She isworking in _x university and she’s an expert.
用心烤鴨：I’d like to talk about my tutor / a popularlanguage teacher, Ever, who has beenworking in _x university for 3 decades and has become an expert in the field.
3) Part 2人物題：Describe a family member.
普通烤鴨：My father is reliable and amiable. We canalways rely on him.
用心烤鴨：My father has long been considered to be an amiable and reliable person, who wecan always rely on.
4) Part 2物品題： Describe a product you bought and felt happy.
普通烤鴨：I wanted to have a Barbie doll at that time.
用心烤鴨：I’d been dreaming of having a Barbie doll since Ifirst saw it in a boutique.
5) Part 2物品題：Describe a perfect job.
普通烤鴨：I want to become a dentist.
用心烤鴨：I’d been dreaming of becoming a dentist sincechildhood.
6) Part 2事件題：Describe a recent happy event.
普通烤鴨：I wanted my parents to throw a party for meand my parents said no. Two months later, they finally agreed.
用心烤鴨：I had been asking my parents for a birthday partyfor 2 months before my parents finally said yes.
看完以上案例，各位烤鴨還覺得，用多樣化的語法會讓答案變復(fù)雜嗎?有木有覺得，有變化的時態(tài)比起單一的時態(tài)形式更能夠吸引聽者(考官)的注意呢?特別是在下半場，考官接近睡眠狀態(tài)或者饑腸轆轆時，有木有發(fā)現(xiàn)這些不一樣的內(nèi)容才能夠刺激TA的聽覺，讓TA暫且忘記疲憊和饑餓——來認(rèn)真和你嘮嗑?
當(dāng)然，僅僅從一個方面努力是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的!!
想要用好多樣化的時態(tài)并吸引考官的注意力，首先要保證基本時態(tài)不犯或者少犯錯誤。用反復(fù)的錄音和練習(xí)來糾正低錯;然后熟悉所有的考題(如果對話題不熟悉，卻一味地追求語法的花樣，也許會適得其反的!)。
總之，首先要認(rèn)真?zhèn)淇迹鷮嵥㈩}，規(guī)避語法錯誤。然后在熟悉話題和流利度達(dá)標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)上，多積累多操練，提升語法的多樣性，達(dá)到提分的效果。加油!
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雅思口語話題：歷史建筑
