三輪有效英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力
前段時(shí)間,流行到家的方法養(yǎng)生,周?chē)鹘缛耸慷紭?lè)此不疲,接下來(lái),小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了三輪有效英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力,歡迎大家參考與借鑒。
三輪有效英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力
5+2的練習(xí),必須要堅(jiān)持,如果做不到,后面的看了也沒(méi)用。第一個(gè)周期至少一個(gè)月,有人告訴我一個(gè)月一點(diǎn)效果都沒(méi)有的,應(yīng)該是悲劇了,但是十天就有效果的,應(yīng)該是幻覺(jué)。大部分同學(xué)告訴我的回饋都是-老師,文章我聽(tīng)了啊,題目我都記住了,聽(tīng)還有什么意思么?我的回答是,因?yàn)槟忝看温?tīng)的時(shí)候,腦子里面只想著做那么幾道題。不用多想,就能明白,做對(duì)了這幾道題不一定能夠做對(duì)同一文章的另外一些題目,想當(dāng)初托福聽(tīng)力就是出現(xiàn)原文,然后把題目換了,N多同學(xué)慶幸自己背了機(jī)經(jīng),覺(jué)得自己人品爆發(fā)了,出現(xiàn)了原文章,得意忘形之后,最后發(fā)現(xiàn)聽(tīng)到了都沒(méi)考,沒(méi)聽(tīng)到的全考了。同樣,能做題不意味著能夠聽(tīng)懂,能聽(tīng)懂也不一定意味著了解其間的深層含義,能了解深層含義也不一定意味著能聽(tīng)力就記住,聽(tīng)了就記住也不一定意味著能夠復(fù)述出來(lái),能夠復(fù)述出來(lái)也不完全意味著能夠用到自己的表達(dá)當(dāng)中去。
想當(dāng)初我在大學(xué)的時(shí)候,聽(tīng)力也算是不錯(cuò)的,一般老師上課放一次我就能夠題目全做完,正確率也不錯(cuò),但是大部分同學(xué)需要聽(tīng)第二次,老師只有接著放,那我干什么呢?難道打開(kāi)手機(jī)看那個(gè)傳說(shuō)中的小月月?明顯我在放第二次的時(shí)候給自己修改了目標(biāo)和任務(wù),當(dāng)所有人還在糾結(jié)于那些題目正確率的時(shí)候,我已經(jīng)開(kāi)始注重每一句話的大意和分析文章結(jié)構(gòu),當(dāng)所有的人開(kāi)始聽(tīng)第三次,在老師的指引下完成文章大意理解的時(shí)候,我開(kāi)始用筆記法訓(xùn)練速記,當(dāng)老師帶著大家放第四遍并且開(kāi)始訓(xùn)練筆記的時(shí)候,我已經(jīng)可以不用筆記,嘗試腦記或者瞬時(shí)記憶準(zhǔn)備復(fù)述文章了,當(dāng)老師讓大家看著筆記放第五次為最后一輪腦記的任務(wù)準(zhǔn)備時(shí),我已經(jīng)在做影子跟讀了。這里要說(shuō)的重點(diǎn)是,永遠(yuǎn)給自己一個(gè)任務(wù),每一輪的任務(wù)盡可能不同,注意,這里說(shuō)的是每一輪,不是每一遍,因?yàn)橐惠喛梢杂泻芏啾?,直到完成這個(gè)任務(wù)后進(jìn)入下一輪。
具體來(lái)說(shuō),針對(duì)有題目的聽(tīng)力文章,一般分為三個(gè)基本階段。
1、能做題
2、能聽(tīng)懂
3、能輸出
所謂能做題,也就是不一定要聽(tīng)懂每一個(gè)單詞,只捕捉和題目信息有關(guān)的詞句,通過(guò)推理,做出題目來(lái)。比如:選項(xiàng)是15,10, 25,50
A: I would like to pay by check. Can I make it out for more than 15 dollars?
B: Certainly sir, but there is a 10 dollar limit over the amount of purchase though.
同學(xué)們很容易聽(tīng)到兩個(gè)數(shù)字,一個(gè)是15,一個(gè)是10,一般意義上講,金錢(qián)往往會(huì)出現(xiàn)加減,但是不會(huì)出現(xiàn)乘除,所以加起來(lái)等于25,減下來(lái)等于5,答案里面只有25,所以選第三個(gè)。即便是選項(xiàng)變成了15, 10,25,5, 也可以通過(guò)聽(tīng)到15 dollars前面的more than看出,本身就比15大,自然答案是25。所以題目怎么出,都難不倒大家。
所謂能聽(tīng)懂,就是要聽(tīng)懂具體詞句的意思,當(dāng)然是不是每個(gè)字都要聽(tīng)懂,這要看這個(gè)詞是否是高頻詞匯,一般意義上講我們這里學(xué)習(xí)的英語(yǔ)(論壇)叫做general English。也就是通用類(lèi)的英文,所以一般向正負(fù)離子對(duì)撞機(jī)之類(lèi)的非主流高科技詞匯,我們就可以掠過(guò),但是諸如我們剛才原文里面的make it out,limit, amount of, purchase等就要做進(jìn)一步的聽(tīng)力研究了。
第三輪的目的是能輸出,一定要把聽(tīng)力的內(nèi)容變成自己口語(yǔ)的表達(dá),把閱讀的內(nèi)容變成自己的寫(xiě)作的表達(dá),前面已經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò),誰(shuí)是最好的老師,而聽(tīng)力就是別人的口語(yǔ),閱讀就是別人的寫(xiě)作,與其我們坐在桌前苦思冥想一個(gè)句型和表達(dá),不如從現(xiàn)成的材料當(dāng)中汲取靈感或者能量。比如有的人從聽(tīng)力中聽(tīng)到了you deserve it的表達(dá),意思是"你活該",學(xué)會(huì)了以后就一直坐在那里等機(jī)會(huì),等到別人倒霉的時(shí)候,裝作不經(jīng)意的說(shuō)出那么一句積攢了N年的話。當(dāng)然后來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn),you deserve it不一定是你活該的意思,也可以因?yàn)閕t是正面的東西,變成"當(dāng)仁不讓",也可以用在夸贊別人的語(yǔ)境當(dāng)中。但是這樣的機(jī)會(huì)仍然不多,所以,要能夠創(chuàng)造語(yǔ)境和機(jī)會(huì),結(jié)合前面quotes名言的方法,讓這個(gè)詞在自己的生活中使用率大大提升,當(dāng)這個(gè)詞能夠結(jié)合句子脫口而出或者隨筆而出的時(shí)候,它才是你的。
拿剛才那個(gè)題目舉個(gè)例子,里面的More than是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的結(jié)構(gòu),要把輸入和輸出結(jié)合,就不能只限制在數(shù)額上。而要進(jìn)一步挖掘它的含義。More than可以加上形容詞,在形容環(huán)境污染的時(shí)候,可以說(shuō)the pollution is more than serious. 講到愛(ài)意并的時(shí)候,可以說(shuō)AIDS is more than medical. 迎接客人的時(shí)候可以說(shuō)you are more than welcome,看到又帥又有才華的斑馬王子,可以說(shuō)he is more than handsome。再進(jìn)一步挖掘,發(fā)現(xiàn)more than和less than的結(jié)合很有意思,比如莎士比亞那句著名的I love you, more than yesterday but less than tomorrow. 聯(lián)想到我們?cè)瓉?lái)提到過(guò)的"曖昧"的表達(dá)方式: they are more than friends but less than romance. 總之要有這樣的意識(shí)。
遇到聽(tīng)力當(dāng)中好的句子,也可以用原來(lái)所教授過(guò)的修改句型結(jié)構(gòu)的方法,來(lái)進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力和口語(yǔ)輸入輸出的良性循環(huán)。比如布什演講當(dāng)中的那段對(duì)圣經(jīng)的引用-even if I walk through the valley of shadow of death, I fear no evil, for you are with me. 在聽(tīng)懂的基礎(chǔ)上,用于感恩的口頭或者書(shū)面表達(dá)也比較不錯(cuò),當(dāng)然,如果覺(jué)得不是所有事情都是the valley of shadow of death,也可以稍作修改,比如valley of shadow of challenge and despair等。
擴(kuò)展:英語(yǔ)復(fù)合句的用法及解題技巧
在高考英語(yǔ)試題中,復(fù)合句占有較大的比例,復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)應(yīng)該注意:
1.倡發(fā)散思維,忌單向思維,考各種從屬句,常常是不同類(lèi)型的連接詞語(yǔ)正誤連綴而至,如果不抓住這一點(diǎn),不從多方面思考選擇,就容易以偏概全, 誤入歧途。
2.弄清主從復(fù)合句中的每一個(gè)從屬連接詞的意思、用法、主句與從句在時(shí)態(tài)上的呼應(yīng)、語(yǔ)氣、是否需要倒裝、固定搭配及邏輯常識(shí)等。
3.熟記句型及特殊表達(dá)形式。
4.注意各分句之間的特點(diǎn)及區(qū)別。
5.注意有些連接詞的省略情況及省略后某些語(yǔ)序發(fā)生的變化。
總之在做習(xí)題時(shí),不能生搬硬套,一成不變,要全方位的思考,摸清出題者的意圖,靈活機(jī)動(dòng),隨著不同的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境而變化。
一、狀語(yǔ)從句:
狀語(yǔ)從句又可分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、原因、結(jié)果、行為方式、條件、讓步及比較等幾種形式。
1.I'll go with you as1 soon as I ____my work.
A.will finish B.shall2 finish C.finish D.finished3
選C.在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,主句可能是祈使句、一般將來(lái)時(shí)或帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如 果主句是過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),從句可以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。能夠引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連接詞,常見(jiàn)的 有:when,until (ti y,directly,unless4,as long as,suppose等。如:
(1)Unless he comes,we won6't be able7 to go.
(2)Suppose5 it goes on raining,what shall we do?
(3)Lu Xun often said,"As long as I am alive,I shall go on studying."
2.No sooner_____the news9 than they rushed10 out into the street. A.they heard B.they had11 heard C.did12 they hear D.had they heard 選D.no sooner…than,hardly… when,scarcely… before表示"—… 就",主句一般用過(guò)去完成時(shí)(h ad+V-ed),從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí),如果hardly,no sooner, scarcely放句首,主謂倒裝。
3.Although13 he is considered14 a great writer,____(MET'91) A.his works15 are not widely read B.but his works are not widelyread C.however16 his works are not widely read D.still his works arenot widely read 選A.這是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,主句與從句之間有一個(gè)從屬連詞 although(though),不能再加but,howeve r,still等,但可以和yet連用。
4.No matter how hard he worked,____(84年) A.he could18 not do any better B.and he could not do any better C.so he could do any bettes D.but he could not do any better 選A.由no matter引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,其主句也不能再用but,and,so 等并列連接詞。
5.____he might,he failed,A.Try as B.As try C.Tried as D.As tried 選A.為了強(qiáng)調(diào)讓步的意義,表示出非常強(qiáng)烈的對(duì)照,用as或though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,從句的語(yǔ)序要作部分調(diào)整,即把句子受強(qiáng)調(diào)的表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形置于從句的句首。如果表語(yǔ)是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,移置句首時(shí),名詞前不用冠詞。如:
(1)Much as I like it,I will not buy it.(2)Child as she is,she knows a lot of English.
6.Did the two boys look so much alike____no one could tell thema part19?
A.and B.that C.as D.so that
選B.目的狀語(yǔ)從句的表達(dá):"主+謂+that(so that,in order20 that)+ 主+may(might,can,could,sho uldn't等)+謂"。
7.____Mr Smith is well again,he can travel21. A.Now that B.But that C.And that D.Since22 that
選A.now that相當(dāng)于since。表示原因狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞常見(jiàn)的有 because,as,since,now that,seeing that,considering that等。
8.It was____a hundred people looked lost in it. A.so large a room that B.so large a room C.such24 large a room thatD.a such large room
選A.引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句:
so+adj(adv)+that從句so+adj+a(an)+n+that從句such+a(an)+ adj+n+that從句 表示"這樣……(一個(gè))……以至于……"。
9.The harder he worked,____he felt. A.happier B.the happier C.the happy D.the happiest 選B.the+比較級(jí)+主+謂,the+比較級(jí)+主+謂,意思是"越…… 越……"。
二、定語(yǔ)從句
定語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中使其修飾的某一名詞或代詞代表一個(gè)(些)或一類(lèi)特 定的人或東西。在做定語(yǔ)從句 的練習(xí)時(shí),首先應(yīng)該找出先行詞,然后再確定選擇關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。能夠引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞有 who,whom25,whose,that,which,when,why,where。
1.She heard a terrible26 noise,____brought her heart27 into ber mouth.(M
A.it B.which C.this D.that
選B.在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中,關(guān)系代詞用which不能用that。
2.He paid28 the boy $ 10 for washing29 ten wiondows,most of____hadn't cleaned for at least30 a y ear.(MET'90)
A.these B.those C.that D.which
選D.如果選A、B、C,整個(gè)句子不符合語(yǔ)法要求,因?yàn)橛幸粋€(gè)"逗號(hào)", 不是并列句,因此只能是一 個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞一般用which。
3.His parents wouldn't marry31 anyone____family was23 poor.(MET'88)
A.of whom B.whom c.of whose D.whose
選D.因?yàn)閣hose作family的定語(yǔ)。
4.Finally33 the thief34 handed in everything____he had stolen35 to thepolice.(MET'87)
A.after B.what C.whatever36 D.that
選D.因?yàn)锳、B、C不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞everything,關(guān)系代詞 that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。當(dāng)先行詞 是不定代詞all,anything,nothing,everything,something等,關(guān)系代詞只能由that引導(dǎo)。
5.All____is needed is a supply37 of oil38.(MET'89)
A.the thing B.that C.what C.which
選B.All作先行詞,關(guān)系代詞由that引導(dǎo)。
6.In fact39 the Swede did not understand the three questions____were asked in French40.(85年 )
A.where B.who C.in which D.which
選D.question是先行詞,在從句中作主語(yǔ),所以應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)。
7.The man____talked to you just now is an engineer41.(80年) A.who B.where C.which D.what
選A.先行詞是man。在從句中作主語(yǔ),所以選who。
8.The word"write"has the same pronunciation____the work"right". (84年)
A.of B.as C.to D.from
選B.先行詞中含有such,the same時(shí),或先行詞被such,the same修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用as引導(dǎo)。
9.Watch the girl and her dog____are crossing the bridge42. A.which B.who C.they D.that
選D.當(dāng)先行詞含有"人"和"物"時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用that。
10.This dictionary,a few43 pages____are missing,is of no use.
A.among44 which B.of which C.which D.in which
選B.dictionary是先行詞,which是關(guān)系代詞,a few pages of which(diciotnary)。
11.You may take____book you like.
A.which B.only c.whichever45 D.what
選C.復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞本身兼有先行詞。whichever=anything that,whatever=anything that,whoever46=any one who,whomever=anyone32 whom,whosever=anyone whose。
12.This is the best dictionary____I've ever17 bought.
A.with which B.that C.which D.when
選B.先行詞是dictionary,因?yàn)橄刃性~前有最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞、only,very,any等修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用tha t。
13.I still remember the day____I first came47 to Beijing.
A.which B.that C.when D.where
選C.先行詞the day,在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ),所以選when。當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間名詞或地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí),關(guān)系詞選 用when或where,that或which,主要取決于在定語(yǔ)從句中所作成份,如果作賓語(yǔ),用that或which,作狀語(yǔ)用wh en或where。 如:
(1)I still remember the days that/which we spent in the countryside48.
先行詞是the days,spent是及物動(dòng)詞,that/which作spent的賓語(yǔ)。
(2)This is the place where I lived three years ago.
先行詞是place,lived是不及物動(dòng)詞,where在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。
(3)This is the place that/which we visited three years ago.
先行詞是place,visited是及物動(dòng)詞,that/which在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。
14.____,Charles Dickens was an English writetr.
A.It's knownn to all B.It's known49 that C.We all know D.As isknown to all
選D.as引出非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,表示"正如……那樣”。類(lèi)似的還有:asyou know,as you see,as can be known,as has been pointed50 out,as is known to all等。
15.I don't like the way____you laughed
at her.
A.which B.in that C.where D.that
選D.先行詞是the way,表示方式,可用that(可省)或in which來(lái)引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如果先行詞是時(shí) 間或原因,也可用that(可省)或when或 why來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如:
(1)This was the reason51 that/why he was late yesterday.
(2)This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.
三、名詞性從句:
在句子中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)與同位語(yǔ)的句子分別叫做主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句, 這些統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為名詞性從句。
1.Can you make sure____the gold ring?(MET'90)
A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put C.where Alice has putD.where has Alice put
選C.在賓語(yǔ)從句中,須用陳述句自然語(yǔ)序(即疑問(wèn)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))。主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句也亦用相應(yīng)的一類(lèi)時(shí)態(tài),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
2.These photographs52 will show you____(MET'89)
A.what does out village look like B.what our village looks likeC.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like
選B."show"后面接一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,A,C語(yǔ)序不合,D答案中的how是副詞,不能作like的賓語(yǔ)。
3.They want to know____do to help us.(MET'88)
A.what can they B.what they can C.how they can D.how can they
選B.know后面接一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,A,D語(yǔ)序不合,C答案中的how是副詞,不能作do的賓語(yǔ)。
4.They have no idea at all____.(MET'87)
A.where he has gone B.where did he go C.which place has he goneD.where has he gone
選A.根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)序。
5.Can you tell me____?(85年)
A.Who is that gentleman53 B.that gentleman is who C.who that gentleman is D.whom is that ge ntleman
選C.在賓語(yǔ)從句中that gentleman作主語(yǔ),who作表語(yǔ)。
6.The old gentleman never fails54 to help____is in need of help. A.whom B.who Cwhoever D.whomever
選C.whoever=anyone who。如:
(1)You may do whatever(anything that) you like.
(2)Return55 the book to whosever(anyone whose)name is on it.
(3)You had better see the men for yourself56 and choose whichever(any one of them that) you like.
7.____comes back first is supposed57 to win the prize58.
A.Those who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.The one who
選C.Whoever=anyone who。A主謂不一致,B句子結(jié)構(gòu)不正確,D無(wú)讓步意味。
8.The news____we had won in the match excited59 us all.
A.that B.where C.which D.X8
選A.We had won in the match就是the news 的具體內(nèi)容,同位語(yǔ)從句中的連詞that,盡管不作任何成 份,但不能省去。
相關(guān)文章: