雅思和四六級相比聽力語速差異
雅思和四六級相比,聽力的語速差異到底有多大?學(xué)習(xí)啦在此詳細(xì)對比一下雅思和四六級的聽力部分。
雅思和四六級相比聽力語速差異有多大
四六級和雅思的語速對比
四級聽力原文:
A New Jersey black bear that walks upright on its 2 back legs and has become a social media darling has reemerged and has been captured on video month after its last sighting. The bear named Pedals was spotted in a town of Oakrage, in a video posted to Facebook featuring the bear it appear to be inrelatively good health and was moving quickly. “Pedals apparently hasn’t injured leg or pool that doesn’t allow it to walk comfortably on all fulls.” according to experts. Laurance sportsman of the state for the state department environmental protection said, “Officials expect the bear to make it through next winter. The bear first gained fame after was sported the wondering around neighborhoods and was caught on videos that were posted on social media and showed on national television. Last year, supporters pushed for Pedals to be moved to a shelter. But New Jersey officials have said they won’t allowed the bear to be captured and transferred to the facility. The bear would do better in its natural habitat on the agency would step in if its condition deteriorated they said.(186 單詞 2017年12月卷)
這段內(nèi)容讀完用時2分12秒
而雅思同樣篇幅的內(nèi)容用了多長時間呢?
Well, my group has been doing a project on how household waste is recycled in Britain.We were quite shocked to discover that only 9% of people here in the UK make an effort to recycle their household waste. This is a lower figure than in most other European countries, and needs to increase dramatically in the next few years if the government is going to meet its recycling targets.The agreed targets for the UK mean that by 2008 we must reduce our carbon dioxide emissions by 12.5%, compared with 1990. And recycling can help to achieve that goal, in two main ways: the production of recycled glass and paper uses much less energy than producing them from virgin materials, and also recycling reduces greenhouse gas emissions from landfill sites and incineration plants. As part of our project, we carried out a survey of people in the street, and the thing that came up over and over again is that people don’t think it’s easy enough to recycle their waste. One problem is that there aren’t enough ‘drop-off’ sites, that is, the places where the public are supposed to take their waste.We also discovered that waste that’s collected from householders is taken to places called ‘bring banks’, for sorting and baling into loads. (216單詞 劍橋真題C5)
這段內(nèi)容讀完用時1分15秒
簡單的公式:1分15秒/ 2分12秒 = 0.57
雅思的聽力語速比四六級的語速快了57%。四六級的學(xué)生聽雅思聽力感覺是rap,而雅思的學(xué)生聽四六級等于0.5倍速的聽力播放,就覺得語速太慢。
雅思聽力題干中包含的比較類考點
雅思聽力選擇題比較考點第一類:直接比較
例1 劍7 Test 2 Q 34
A German study showed there was greater ‘mixed handedness’ in musicians who
A started playing instruments in early youth
B play a string instrument such as the violin
C practice a great deal on their instrument
思路透析:題干中包括greater這個明顯的比較級,提醒考生們注意的是,在實際的聽力中,比較級的用詞可以發(fā)生同義轉(zhuǎn)換,但是這種比較關(guān)系的表達(dá)一定在聽力文本中是存在的,所以要特別關(guān)注在聽力內(nèi)容中比較的表達(dá)方式,答案就在其中。這與填空題是一致的,在填空題中如若發(fā)現(xiàn)比較表達(dá)方式,那我們可以把它當(dāng)特殊關(guān)鍵詞來對待,耐心等待聽力素材中的比較表達(dá)后即可得到答案。
實際做題:在實際做題中,當(dāng)聽到Germany study 時確定做題位置。
原文:keyboard players had high levels of mixed handedness, whereas string players like violinists strongly favored one hand. Also those who started younger were more mixed handed.
解題:從原文中我們不難看出,小提琴演奏者的用手習(xí)慣比較傾向于某一側(cè)。所以排除B。緊接著出現(xiàn)的整句話里出現(xiàn)了兩處比較級,more mixed handed 與greater mixed handedness 形成同義轉(zhuǎn)換,younger 與選項A中的early youth 對應(yīng),所以正確答案為A。
雅思聽力選擇題比較考點第二類:間接比較
例2 劍3 Test 1 Q 32
According to the speaker, the main cause of back pain in women is
A pregnancy
B osteoporosis
C lack of exercise
思路透析:在審題中發(fā)現(xiàn)有main cause 這樣的間接比較提示詞,那此題很顯然要列出幾個造成女性背疼的原因,但是要進行對比得出誰是主要原因。
實際做題:聽到women 就確定了做題位置。
原文:The majority of our patients at the clinic tend to be women. They are especially vulnerable because of pregnancy but also because of osteoprosis, which I personally believe to be the major cause of problems for women.
解題:在原文中我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)pregnancy 和 osteoprosis 是并列出現(xiàn)的,但是后者緊跟著就是一個非限定性的定語從句,指出后者是major cause,也就是main cause的同義轉(zhuǎn)換,故答案為B。
雅思聽力選擇題比較考點第三類:隱含比較
例3 劍3 Test 3 Q 37
Ostrich meat
A has more protein than beef
B Tastes nearly as good as beef
C is very filling
思路透析:雖然題干較短,而且沒有比較指示詞,但是AB兩個選項都存在著比較,故此題依然以聽比較關(guān)系為重點。
實際做題:原文:Ostrich meat is slightly higher in protein than beef, and much lower in fats and cholesterol. It tastes good too. A series of European taste tests found that 82% of people prefer ostrich to beef.
解題:其實答案A 很明顯,幾乎是原詞重現(xiàn)。B錯誤的原因是大多數(shù)人們覺得鴕鳥肉比牛肉好吃,并不是一樣好吃。要注意在比較時經(jīng)常加入slightly 這樣的副詞來修飾比較級。
總結(jié):其實我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn),在這三類雅思聽力選擇題比較考點中,第一類直接比較的題目還是最容易解答的,只要聽準(zhǔn)同樣的比較表達(dá)方式,答案很容易得到;第二類間接比較的題目也不是太難,關(guān)鍵在于掌握major,majority,main,mainly等提示詞并注意它們之間互相同意轉(zhuǎn)換即可;第三類隱含比較還是比較難的,因為題干里雖然無比較,但是選項里有比較的特點,而且實際聽力中又容易出現(xiàn)否定詞搭配比較表達(dá)出現(xiàn)的形式,使學(xué)生的反映時間和速度受到極大的影響,大大降低了解題正確率。請廣大“烤鴨”們一定要耐心總結(jié),戳穿選擇題中的比較考查特點,做到明明白白,有的放矢!
雅思聽力必知的冷知識點
雅思聽力中有很多場景,除了積累這些場景的聽力素材外,多拓展一些冷門知識點也是很有必要的。
對中國學(xué)生而言,到國外求學(xué)除了能開闊眼界,進一步了解當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕惋L(fēng)情,更主要的目的仍是精深自己的學(xué)術(shù)知識。因此,雅思聽力不僅涵蓋了對生存能力的檢測,也涉及到了對學(xué)生各方面學(xué)術(shù)知識理解能力的考察。
在曾經(jīng)考過的學(xué)術(shù)場景中,動物學(xué)是出現(xiàn)頻率較高的一個。僅在近期的幾個月里,動物學(xué)場景就出現(xiàn)了四次。通過對這些考題的分析,可以發(fā)現(xiàn),動物學(xué)場景主要考察的特點為:
陌生的場景單詞一些動物學(xué)的場景單詞對考生而言可能較陌生,例如:
在雅思考試中,考察了非洲鱷魚(crocodile)的生活情況,談到了沙漠(desert)和濕地(wetland)中鱷魚如何生存,還談到了鱷魚的棲息地巖洞(cave)和鱷魚的遷徙途徑(migration pattern)以及鱷魚棲息地植被(vegetation)的情況。
在之前的考試中,考察了幾種主要的鯨魚(whale),如抹香鯨(sperm whale),小須鯨(minke whale),以及這些鯨魚身體構(gòu)造的區(qū)別。
雅思考試中,談到了對海洋生物的研究(marine research)以及現(xiàn)在研究的課題是免疫系統(tǒng)(immune system)等。在9月2日的考試中,考察了動物化石(fossil)的形成及保護,出現(xiàn)了像沉淀物(sediment)這樣比較專業(yè)的詞匯。
答案并不陌生雖然出現(xiàn)了較陌生的單詞,但多數(shù)需要填寫的答案并非陌生單詞。這個特點不僅僅出現(xiàn)在動物學(xué)場景里,在很多學(xué)術(shù)類的場景里都有體現(xiàn)。這就意味著考生完全不必對這類話題產(chǎn)生過多的恐懼感,也不要因為聽到了一些陌生的單詞,而中途放棄。只要能夠把握住題目所提供的關(guān)鍵信息點,成功做答大多數(shù)的題目仍是很有可能的。
如在上述的幾次考試中,多數(shù)答案為常見詞:exhibition(展覽),sunlight(陽光),insect(昆蟲),procedure (過程),soil(土壤),recorder(錄音機),data(數(shù)據(jù)),fear(懼怕),depth(深度)等。
很多學(xué)術(shù)場景,如課程設(shè)置和介紹,學(xué)校設(shè)施的介紹,商業(yè)問題研究,學(xué)習(xí)方法等,都不僅僅出現(xiàn)在SECTION4也在SECTION3出現(xiàn)過,而動物學(xué)場景從以往的題目來看,往往只出現(xiàn)在最后一個部分,以一個人的獨白形式出現(xiàn)。
這樣一來,考生很有可能在聽的過程中,由于對動物學(xué)背景知識和某些單詞的不熟悉,更難把握節(jié)奏,這就要求考生在備考的過程中加大對相關(guān)詞匯的熟悉度,加強對大段獨白語流的練習(xí)。
就題型來看,動物學(xué)場景主要包括了選擇題、填表題和配對題。其中填表題為主導(dǎo)題型,另外兩種題型比例較少。這就要求考生在平時仍需注重對單詞反應(yīng),記錄速度和拼寫這些方面的練習(xí)。
通過上述簡要的分析,不難看出動物學(xué)場景介紹了一些考生平時很少關(guān)注的專業(yè)知識,對此,特意提醒雅思考生,要充分的擴展自己英語的學(xué)習(xí)面和閱讀面,充分準(zhǔn)備雅思考試,也為將來的深造打下良好的學(xué)術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。
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