雅思寫作犯罪類話題素材
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雅思中犯罪類話題詞匯資料整理
1.先來說說犯罪份子該如何表達(dá)
criminals 名詞，罪犯(值得注意的是，該詞有形容詞性)。
offenders 名詞，罪犯，違法者。
convicts 名詞，罪犯，囚徒(前段時間很紅的一套書《囚徒健身》，“Convict Conditioning”)。
culprits 名詞，犯人。同時，本詞可以指的是被指控犯罪的人。
outlaws 名詞，罪犯，_。也有動詞詞性，并且為及物動詞，譯為宣布某事為不合法。
suspect (criminal suspect)名詞，犯罪嫌疑人。其實，在法庭最終宣判之前，我們口中的罪犯多數(shù)情況下應(yīng)該用這個詞表達(dá)，更為嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。
prisoner 名詞，犯人，囚犯。
juvenile criminals 名詞，青少年罪犯。
minor criminals 名詞，未成年罪犯。
juvenile delinquent / juvenile offender 名詞，少年犯，或行為不端的青少年
值得注意的是，其實在雅思寫作犯罪類的話題中，未成年人犯罪往往是常見話題。因此后面幾個詞匯，需要大家重點(diǎn)掌握。
2.來說說犯罪這件事該如何表達(dá)，要注意詞性標(biāo)注
commit a crime (commit crimes) 動賓，犯罪
violate the law / break the law 動賓，犯罪，違法
offend against the law 動賓，違法
violent crimes / non-violent crimes 形容詞+名詞，暴力犯罪/非暴力犯罪
delinquent behaviors / illegal acts / lawless behaviors形容詞+名詞，不法的行為
juvenile delinquency 名詞，特指青少年的不法行為
illegality 名詞，泛指所有違法行為。此外，immorality 名詞，指的是不道德的行為，其實近似于違法行為，但是略有區(qū)別。同理，副詞illegally和immorally也是類似的區(qū)別
wrongdoing / misconduct / delinquency 名詞，都是指的是行為不端
雅思作文犯罪話題寫作素材
glorify violence 美化暴力(及物動詞glorify的后面通常跟暴力、犯罪、反社會行為等，
常用于網(wǎng)絡(luò)、電子游戲或媒體類話題)
例句：Frequent exposure to films and video games that glorify violence encourages children to behave aggressively(有攻擊性地).
詳解：【近義】glorify crime and anti-social behavior (主語是電影、電視節(jié)目、電子游戲等)
美化犯罪和反社會行為
【相關(guān)】is / are addicted to violent games 對暴力的游戲上癮(名詞短語Internet addiction
和video game addiction 則是分別指網(wǎng)癮和電玩癮)
【相關(guān)】be exposed to violence or sexual images (主語是人物)接觸到暴力或者色情畫
面
【反義】control violent content in entertainment media(主語是政府)控制娛樂媒體中的
暴力內(nèi)容
托福犯罪類話題寫作類型
1.先來說說犯罪份子該如何表達(dá)
criminals 名詞，罪犯(值得注意的是，該詞有形容詞性)。
offenders 名詞，罪犯，違法者。
convicts 名詞，罪犯，囚徒(前段時間很紅的一套書《囚徒健身》，“Convict Conditioning”)。
culprits 名詞，犯人。同時，本詞可以指的是被指控犯罪的人。
outlaws 名詞，罪犯，_。也有動詞詞性，并且為及物動詞，譯為宣布某事為不合法。
suspect (criminal suspect)名詞，犯罪嫌疑人。其實，在法庭最終宣判之前，我們口中的罪犯多數(shù)情況下應(yīng)該用這個詞表達(dá)，更為嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。
prisoner 名詞，犯人，囚犯。
juvenile criminals 名詞，青少年罪犯。
minor criminals 名詞，未成年罪犯。
juvenile delinquent / juvenile offender 名詞，少年犯，或行為不端的青少年
值得注意的是，其實在雅思寫作犯罪類的話題中，未成年人犯罪往往是常見話題。因此后面幾個詞匯，需要大家重點(diǎn)掌握。
2. 來說說犯罪這件事該如何表達(dá)，要注意詞性標(biāo)注commit a crime (commit crimes) 動賓，犯罪
violate the law / break the law 動賓，犯罪，違法
offend against the law 動賓，違法
violent crimes / non-violent crimes 形容詞+名詞，暴力犯罪/非暴力犯罪
delinquent behaviors / illegal acts / lawless behaviors形容詞+名詞，不法的行為
juvenile delinquency 名詞，特指青少年的不法行為
illegality 名詞，泛指所有違法行為。此外，immorality 名詞，指的是不道德的行為，其實近似于違法行為，但是略有區(qū)別。同理，副詞illegally和immorally也是類似的區(qū)別
wrongdoing / misconduct / delinquency 名詞，都是指的是行為不端
請見如下例文：(青少年違法之后應(yīng)該如何被懲罰永遠(yuǎn)是雅思考試的常見話題)
There is no denying that everyone should be punished due to his/her illegality, no matter how old he/she is. Notwithstanding, this does not imply that juvenile culprits should be treated as equally as adult prisoners. Juvenile detentions ought to be the place for those minor offenders instead of common jails, and besides juvenile suspects should be on trial in juvenile court where their right can be protected much better.
Juvenile convicts with violent crimes should be detained in juvenile detentions as they might be potential threats to our society, and on the other hand minor culprits with non-violent crimes can be punished with more flexibility such as being forced to do social work.
PS:Juvenile detentions 名詞，少管所
juvenile court 名詞，未成年人法庭
detain 及物動詞，羈押
3.犯罪率的表達(dá)方式
Crime rate / incident of crime
如何降低犯罪率，是經(jīng)常在雅思寫作中被討論的話題。
Unbelievably high juvenile crime rate is plaguing many countries all over the world, and how to reduce it has become prime task for those governments for a long time.
4.rehabilitate criminals / reform criminals 動賓，改造罪犯
Main function of prisons is not only punishing culprits with locking them up but also rehabilitating them as everyone no matter what he/she has done deserves a second chance. 監(jiān)獄的功能不僅是限制犯人的自由，還要給這些犯人提供一個改過自新的機(jī)會。
雅思寫作語言素材積累：犯罪類
Sending criminals to prison is not the effective method to deal with them. Education and job training should be used instead. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 將犯罪分子送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄不是有效的方式解決犯罪，我們應(yīng)該給他們提供接受教育和工作培訓(xùn)的機(jī)會，是否認(rèn)同?
11月8日雅思寫作題目解析：
1. 周圍的環(huán)境引起犯罪：貧困;擇業(yè)難;校園暴力;槍支泛濫等
2. 本性就是壞人：人性本惡，有人天生就是注定犯罪的
薛鵬解析：兩種觀點(diǎn)討論;必須支持給出的一方觀點(diǎn)。
兩種觀點(diǎn)討論布局圖：
首段：背景介紹(個性開篇)+爭議焦點(diǎn)(淡化模板)+ 作家立場(清晰表達(dá))
二段：正方觀點(diǎn)的展開(三點(diǎn)展開，細(xì)節(jié)例證支持)
三段：反方觀點(diǎn)展開(二點(diǎn)展開，他人口吻，細(xì)節(jié)例證支持)
尾段：再次亮明觀點(diǎn) + (總結(jié)理由)
作家觀點(diǎn)：支持犯罪是由于貧困和社會環(huán)境引起的。
思路拓展：
貧困和社會問題導(dǎo)致犯罪 = 外因引起犯罪：
1. 貧困的家庭孩子沒有受到良好教育，不能明辨是非，容易被引入迷途。
2. 科技發(fā)展，傳媒多元，色情暴力節(jié)目的傳播，毒害心靈，誤導(dǎo)人生觀，誘發(fā)犯罪沖動。
3. 槍支泛濫，為犯罪提供了便利，例如，在一些西方國家，槍支買賣合法。
人性本惡=內(nèi)因引起犯罪：
1. 有人認(rèn)為，人性本惡，嫉妒，貪婪，自私，都是人的固有本質(zhì)，一旦在后天被激發(fā)，沒有正確的引導(dǎo)，會導(dǎo)致一些反社會行為的發(fā)展。
2. 例如，女性經(jīng)濟(jì)犯罪;黑社會大哥的慣性犯罪，報復(fù)社會，詛咒和憎恨他們認(rèn)為不公平的社會。
薛鵬原創(chuàng)范文賞析：
首段：背景介紹 + 爭議焦點(diǎn) + 作家立場
Alarmingly, various stories concerning crimes have been pushing into spotlight. Conflicting ideas clash in finding out the root causes of misdeeds. My stand is that external reasons have a bigger influence on those misconducts. Nobody is born to be a criminal.
薛鵬點(diǎn)評：淡化模板;觀點(diǎn)鮮明。
薛鵬解析：
1. various stories 公眾新聞報道
2. concerning 關(guān)于
3. have been pushing into spotlight …… 成為關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)
4. conflicting ideas clash in …… 矛盾的觀點(diǎn)在……方面互相碰撞
解析：clash v碰撞
二段：正方三個觀點(diǎn)的展開：
My arguments could be easily explored. One contributing factor triggering manifold malefactions could be owed to the external circumstances in which the one is raised. To put in details, in some poverty-stricken or violent families, children are usually not properly taken care of and they stand few chances of receiving fine education, it is likely that such children may easily be led astray and even worse, they may conduct some anti-social offences. Still, pornographic or otherwise vulgar forms of media, have a really adverse impact on the young because the young can, in most cases, find it rather difficult to make positive choices about the types of influences in their lives, thus，it is possible for them to turn to a life of crime. Last, many perilous products that could be harnessed commit crimes are very easily and cheaply available to the youths. In fact, guns are sold in a number of stores in some countries. This fact alone makes it very easy for some people to embark on the criminal road.
三段：反方二個觀點(diǎn)的展開
Granted, some people might remain suspicious of my stand and believe that those perpetrators are born to be evil. Some people argue that habitual malefaction is the main root cause of high crime rate. As for those felons such as gangsters boss or professional blackguards, to break the law is to take revenge on the society which they think unfair. Besides, some people contend that such is human nature to be greedy, selfish and jealous, which accounts for many types of crimes. It is also found that some women commit economic crimes simply because they are more vain and avaricious than others.
薛鵬解析：
1. habitual malefaction 慣性犯罪
2. felons 重罪人
3. gangsters boss or professional blackguards 黑幫大哥和職業(yè)流氓
4. take revenge on the society which they think unfair 報復(fù)認(rèn)為不公平的社會
5. vain and avaricious 虛榮的貪婪的
尾段：再次亮明觀點(diǎn) + 總結(jié)理由
In a nutshell, I re-affirm my stand that different crimes could be combination of various elements, however, in comparison with evil nature, external factors actually play a profound influence in leading some immature or inexperienced people to go astray.
薛鵬全文點(diǎn)評：本文依然保持小鵬哥原創(chuàng)范文的高質(zhì)量，符合雅思寫作評分各項標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，建議背誦精彩詞匯句法。
類似提問角度：
The position of women in society has changed markedly in the last twenty years. Many of the problems young people experience, such as juvenile delinquency, arise from the fact that many married women now work and are not at home to care for their children. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the opinion? 有人認(rèn)為：父母工作，無暇照顧孩子，導(dǎo)致少年發(fā)展，是否同意?
薛鵬原創(chuàng)語料庫：
1. juvenile crime = adolescent crime青少年犯罪
2. teenage crime = juvenile delinquency青少年犯罪
3. young offenders = teenage criminals = young law-breakers 少年犯
4. embark on the criminal road 走上犯罪道路
5. turn to a life of crime 開始罪惡的人生
6. conduct some anti-social offenses 做出反社會行為
7. commit crime = violate the law 犯罪
8. domestic violence = family violence家庭暴力
9. pornographic or bloody contents色情的血腥的內(nèi)容
解析：porno (色情)+ graph(記錄)+ic (…… 的) = pornographic 色情的
10. blindly model after sth 盲目效仿
11. to be led astray被引入歧途
12. Some criminalities can be owed to the disadvantaged family background such as poverty, violence or parental divorce. 不良的家庭成長環(huán)境，例如貧困，暴力和父母離異。
13. According to the statistics, the rate of youth crime is in proportion to that of divorce rate. 少年犯罪率和離婚率成正比。
解析：is in proportion to 成正比
14. An environment of poverty, violence and fear. Such a growing environment often results in low self-esteem and other growth-related concerns. 較低的自尊心和一些成長相關(guān)的問題。
解析：self-esteem 自尊
15. It is also found that some women commit economic crimes simply because they are more vain and avaricious than others. 人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，有些女性進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)犯罪，僅僅是因為她們比其他人更加的虛榮和貪婪而已。
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