如何寫好雅思寫作主題句
雅思寫作中凸顯主題才能讓考官更加喜歡，那么你知道怎樣寫好主題句嗎？下面小編和大家聊聊這個(gè)問題。
都說雅思作文中的主題句很重要，是這樣的嗎?
雅思大作文的字?jǐn)?shù)才250個(gè)，但是真正的英語議論文至少也是1000個(gè)字起。這樣看來，清晰和有條理就非常的必要，否則因?yàn)?a href='http://www.zbfsgm.com/yu/wenzhang/' target='_blank'>文章太長(zhǎng)，不少老 師，或者考官根本不會(huì)有很多心情看。主題句就是清楚明白的告訴讀者你在這段里面要說什么，這樣即使讀者沒有心情看完整片文章，只要看文章每段的主題句也就 能知道你每段的內(nèi)容了。雅思大作文中，主題句的作用非常大。有了主題句就會(huì)是文章看起來結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，重點(diǎn)突出，給考官留下一個(gè)好印象，當(dāng)然也會(huì)使自己在寫的時(shí)候思路更加清晰，寫起來更順暢。你可以關(guān)注一下北京新東方的雅思7分寫作班，對(duì)重點(diǎn)寫作題目進(jìn)行分題型、分背景講解，并為學(xué)員提供答題素材，在雅思的寫作中，考官會(huì)要在幾天內(nèi)看很多分考卷，如果你有很好的主題句，考官會(huì)更有興趣看你的文章，而不是那些一段話的第一句就云里霧里，更不要說后來的內(nèi)容的文章了。
如何寫雅思寫作的主題句
雅思大作文四個(gè)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的第一個(gè)就是Task Response(任務(wù)回應(yīng)情況，以下簡(jiǎn)稱TR)，即，切題。
眾所周知，雅思大作文題目都是由題干和寫作要求(疑問句或者陳述句)組成的，比如：
題目1:
Some people think that governments should invest more in teaching science.
Do you think the advantages outweigh its disadvantages?
顯然，為了切題，題干和寫作要求都應(yīng)該在文章主題句中體現(xiàn)出來。否則，寫出的主體段就會(huì)出現(xiàn)放在哪個(gè)題目下都合適的尷尬局面：輕者考官認(rèn)為偏題，重者考官則可能判為模版，分?jǐn)?shù)可想而知。
一、關(guān)鍵詞
“關(guān)鍵詞”是題干中能體現(xiàn)出題意圖的詞或短語，一個(gè)核心焦點(diǎn)，即單邊，就有一組“關(guān)鍵詞”，如果題干是雙邊，則用兩組“關(guān)鍵詞”表示題干。那么如何準(zhǔn)確定位關(guān)鍵詞呢?毫無疑問，找關(guān)鍵詞的前提是讀懂題干意思，既然能夠代表題干主旨、出題意圖，那么在確定關(guān)鍵詞之后，假設(shè)關(guān)鍵詞是“A”，就可以問自己：“這個(gè)題目問的是A的原因嗎”、“這個(gè)題目問的是A的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)嗎?”等。
比如：
Because of traffic and housing problems in the cities, the government encourages business to move to the rural areas.
Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
關(guān)鍵詞如果是“traffic and housing problems”的話，那就可以問：“這個(gè)題目問的是：原因是交通和住房問題還是其它的嗎”，顯然不是，同樣方法找出關(guān)鍵詞是“business move to the rural areas”。
二、最終原因/結(jié)果
綜合所有題目中的“寫作要求”，雅思大作文本質(zhì)是寫出“關(guān)鍵詞”的“原因”、“影響”或“解決措施”。不難理解，在找出題干“關(guān)鍵詞”后，如果問原因，那么以“關(guān)鍵詞”為起點(diǎn)，需要往前推理，得出“最終原因”;如果問“影響”，那么以“關(guān)鍵詞”為起始點(diǎn)往后推理得出“最終結(jié)果”;如果問“措施”，則在推出原因后，提出相對(duì)應(yīng)的解決措施即可。
invest in teaching science(理科)——>理科科目(subjects)就會(huì)增加/學(xué)習(xí)理科科目的人數(shù)就會(huì)增加——>理科相關(guān)科目從業(yè)者(practitioners)就會(huì)增加——>促進(jìn)國(guó)家相關(guān)行業(yè)發(fā)展
那么，以“關(guān)鍵詞”為起點(diǎn)的思路就寫出來了，那么這個(gè)題目中的“最終結(jié)果”就是：“促進(jìn)國(guó)家相關(guān)行業(yè)發(fā)展”。另外，需要注意的是此過程中箭頭右邊務(wù)必是箭頭左邊的最直接結(jié)果，否則，在論證過程中會(huì)出現(xiàn)邏輯漏洞。
然后，要確?！瓣P(guān)鍵詞”和“最終結(jié)果”都出現(xiàn)在文章中，該論點(diǎn)的主題句就可以寫成：
If government funding is invested heavily in science, the corresponding sectors of a country would be improved a lot.
比如題目3:
Many people these days work in other countries, taking their family with them.
Do you think the advantages outweigh its disadvantages?
take family with them——>工作時(shí)分心(be distracted)——>工作表現(xiàn)不好(poor performance of their duties)——>令老板失望(be disappointed)
根據(jù)“關(guān)鍵詞”+“最終結(jié)果”，該題目的主題句是：帶家人出國(guó)工作令其老板失望(The decision to move to another country with their family can make the bosses be disappointed)。不難看出，這樣的主題句仍然會(huì)使讀者困惑，達(dá)不到段落主題句應(yīng)有的效果，因?yàn)閺年P(guān)鍵詞直接跨到最終結(jié)果跨度太大。
這時(shí)可以將中間步驟放在“關(guān)鍵詞”+“最終結(jié)果”之間，改成：“關(guān)鍵詞”+某個(gè)“中間步驟”+“最終結(jié)果”，那么該題目的主題句可以寫成：
The decision to move to another country with their family may be highly likely to distract those managers from work, which would make the bosses be disappointed.
主題句關(guān)系到主體段落的論證過程是否切題，更關(guān)系到考官對(duì)于整篇文章內(nèi)容的定位，相信讀者也已經(jīng)意識(shí)到了段落開頭句的重要性。希望考生勤加練習(xí)，最終可以寫出準(zhǔn)確恰當(dāng)?shù)闹黝}句。
雅思寫作大作文主題句示例及講解
主題句在西方的書面語里面是很重要的。
舉個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的例子，在文章some people believe that they should be able to keep all the money they earn and should not pay any tax to the state. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. 關(guān)于是否要交稅，我們中國(guó)的說話習(xí)俗是： 我們要交稅，這樣政府有錢，有錢就可以建設(shè)公共設(shè)施，比如說學(xué)校，醫(yī)院，這樣人們的生活就可以更好，促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展。而西方的習(xí)慣是：我們要交稅，這樣大家可以生活的更好，社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)都可以發(fā)展。因?yàn)檎辛隋X就可以投資很多的公共設(shè)施，比如說學(xué)校，醫(yī)院。所以，在我們的雅思寫作中，主題句的寫作就很關(guān)鍵。要注意的是，主題句要和段落的內(nèi)容一致。
我們今天給大家展示一篇學(xué)生的作文，其中明顯的問題就是我們的主題句問題。這篇作文的題目是：Advertisements play a major role on TV in market economics. Despite the benefits of such information, many people criticize the role of TV advertising. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their view?
我們來看一下學(xué)生的作文。
Advertising, as a major method of companies to publicize their products, has come to people’s vision more and more frequently and I don’t think it’s an actually good thing for us.
On one hand, TV advertisings certainly provide much information about new product for consumers, whereas most of that information is useless. Facing so many junk advertising when watching TV has raised audiences’ continuous complains. The advertisings interrupt TV programmes and spoil people’s enjoyment of the show. At times some channels arrange so many advertisings during the gap between programmes. The movie channel, for example, has almost fifteen -minute advertisings between the upper and the rest part of a film, let alone different films. As for teenagers or some adults, whose time are mainly occupied by mobile phones rather than TV, advertisings’ impact may be not obvious. But for those who are accustomed to watching TV, like some senior citizens or young children, watching TV programmes are their major entertainment activities. Keeping changing channels to find a nice programme without playing numerous advertisings is such a difficult thing, which almost drives them mad.
For another reason, the advertisings are designed to make products more attractive to consumers to achieve better effect. Some advertisers will divided into people into different groups and device suitable schemes to people in different groups respectively. However, the advertisings aiming at target population can be seen by everyone comparably, which means that children are exposed to media violence or sexual images at a higher risk. What’s more, children can be influenced by these advertisings easily and no one can promise that they will learn something bad from the advertisings.
從這篇文章中，我們能夠看到學(xué)生的第二段的主題句主要是說廣告沒用，而我們后面的段落主要內(nèi)容是在講廣告影響了我們看電視，所以跟本段的主題句內(nèi)容完全不符，這就說明我么你的主題句是有問題的。而我們的第二個(gè)理由段中，主題句講的是廣告讓產(chǎn)品更有吸引力了，但是我們的內(nèi)容卻是廣告的內(nèi)容可能會(huì)影響人，這個(gè)依然是不符的。
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