雅思作文常用替換詞總結(jié)
今天小編為大家?guī)淼闹饕獌?nèi)容是關(guān)于雅思作文常用替換詞總結(jié)，有一些詞出現(xiàn)的頻率太高，難免會讓人覺得審美疲勞，相應(yīng)的分數(shù)也不會太高，這就需要我們用同義詞替換的方式來進行表達，下面和小編一起去看看吧。
雅思作文常用替換詞總結(jié)
開始
Begin, start, begin with, spring, start up, set off on, break out, strike up, originate from,;
Initiate, launch, originate, sprout; unfold; unleash，outset, onset, Rudimentary, elementary,
產(chǎn)生,創(chuàng)造
create, produce, bring about, yield, give birth to, bear, bring into being, generate, beget，germinate; Invent, innovate, renovate, plan, design, imagine, conceive, devise, formulate, imagine, envision,
發(fā)育，發(fā)展
Grow, develop, breed, bring up, nurture, cultivate, hone, raise, foster, (主動)
Develop, advance, progress, move forward, go forward, proceed(自我成長)
Burgeon, flourish, thrive, bloom, blossom, boom, prosper;
結(jié)束，停止
stop，finish, be over, cease, discontinue, wind up, bring to an end(close, halt), end，come to an end, end up, terminate，quench，quell，run out, expire, conclude
adjourn/dissolve/lull/subvert,abortaive,
Surcease, cessation,
impasse, deadlock, logjam, stalemate,
Ultimate, final, eventual,
Abeyance, suspend, interruption, brake, halt, pause,
取消,廢除
Cancel, annul, call off, do away with,
Abolish, desuetude, disuse, abandon, repeal, revoke, invalidate, rescind, nullify
Obsolete, out of date, outmoded, out of fashion, old-fashioned,
多,增加
Enrich, increase, add to, abound, fill, fill up, replenish, stock up, add, put in, raise,
Accrue, mount up, augment, accumulate, rise
Abundant, plentiful, more than enough, profuse, copious, rich, wealthy, generous, numerous, in great numbers;
有效，起作用
Effective, efficient, effectual, successful, useful, helpful, functional, applicable, operative, working, active, functioning, in operation, in use,
Available, serviceable,
Impact, influence,
減少，降低
Lower, reduce, decrease, drop off, abate, decline, dwarf, dwindle, rarefy, curtail, shorten, abridge, truncate, dock, decline, slump, eclipse, subside, shrink, ebb,
Diminish, lessen, debase, dilute, moderate, die down, grow less intense, cut down, ebb, cut back,
阻礙
Hinder, hamper, check, stunt, impede, block, obstruct, retard, interrupt, hold back, prevent from, forestall, keep from, deter from, discountenance, lumber, thwart, stem, stymie, frustrate, stump, stem,
Entangle, enmesh, ensnare, entrap,
強調(diào)
still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially. Obviously, clearly.
比較
like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.
對比
by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.
列舉
for example, for instance, such as, take …for example. Except (for), to illustrate.
時間
later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while. first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.
可能
presumably, probably, perhaps.
解釋
in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.
遞進
What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.
讓步
although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.
轉(zhuǎn)折
however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately. whereas
歸還,償還
Return, hand out, restore, reciprocate, remunerate, revert,
Compensate, reimburse, indemnify, expiate, atonement,
Salary, remuneration, Emolument, honorarium
需要,
Require, call for, need, demand, necessitate,
Necessary, required, requisite, essential,
Requisite, prerequisite, requirement, precondition,
刺激， 激發(fā)，鼓勵
Stimulate, activate, spur, incite, agitate, inspire, arouse, excite, provoke, actuate, incite, foment, stir up, trigger, Kindle, enkindle, ignite
encourage, motivate, invigorate, prompt, instigate,
Impetuous, impulsive;
欲望，欲求
Wish, want, desire, long, yearn, aspire, crave, hanker, covet:
Desirous, eager, avid, greedy, acquisitive, much desired, coveted, ambitious, enterprising;
Longing, aspiration, yearning, ambition, avarice, desire for, appetite, desire
感覺，察覺
Sense, feel, savor, be conscious of, be aware of, regain consciousness, perceive, Cognize, regard,
Detect, identify, notice, recognize, observe,
Heed, pay/give heed to, take heed/notice of, notice, pay/give attention to
清楚
clarify, elucidate, shed light on, illuminate, make clear
explicit, overt, precise, unambiguous, plain, clear, unequivocal,
clarity, clearness, lucidity, transparency, simplicity, precision.
合作,合并
Work together, cooperate, come together, and collaborate, join forces, team up,
Merge, unite, connect, bond, bring together, combine, associate, amalgamate, swallow up, become one, come together, Affiliate, annex, coalesce, incorporate, integrate, put together, join together.
整體,全部，廣義
Complete, total, entire, full, whole, thorough, comprehensive, all-round, versatile, plenary
Generally, entirely, fully, wholly, thoroughly, exhaustively, usually, largely, mainly, mostly, for the most part, on the whole, in genera
手段，工具
By means of, by way of, by virtue of , method, manner, means, device, instrument, facility, implement, apparatus, appliance, mechanism, gadget, utensil, tools,
contrivance, maneuver, tactic, mean, expedient, stratagem, tact, ploy,
雅思技巧：雅思寫作之英漢寫作差異舉例
一、英語多引申，漢語多推理
英語有兩句俗話：一是You know a word by the company it keeps.(要知義怎樣，關(guān)鍵看詞伙)，二是Words do not have meaning, but people have meaning for them.(詞本無義，義隨人生)。這說明詞典對詞的定義和解釋是死的，而實際運用中的語言是活的。從原文角度來說，這種活用是詞義和用法的引申，翻譯的時候要準確理解這種引申，譯者就需要進行推理。
例如：While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.
二、英語多被動，漢語多主動
英語比較喜歡用被動語態(tài)，科技英語尤其如此。漢語雖然也有"被"、"由"之類的詞表示動作是被動的，但這種表達遠沒有英語的被動語態(tài)那么常見，因此，英語中的被動在漢譯中往往成了主動。下面我們先看一組常用被動句型的漢譯：
It must be pointed out that...必須指出……
It must be admitted that...必須承認……
It is imagined that...人們認為……
It can not be denied that...不可否認……
It will be seen from this that...由此可知……原文中有三個被動語態(tài)is imagined, be compared和be required，譯成漢語都變成了主動表達：認為、相比和掌握。
有些英語被動需要把主語譯成漢語的賓語，這樣才能更加符合中文的表達習(xí)慣。
例如：New sources of energy must be found, and this will take time, but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore (歸還;恢復(fù)，復(fù)興;恢復(fù)健康，復(fù)原)that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the past time.
譯文：必須找到新的能源，這需要時間;而過去我們感覺到的那種能源價廉而充足的情況將不大可能再出現(xiàn)了。
三、英語多變化，漢語多重復(fù)
熟悉英語的人都知道，英語表達相同的意思時往往變換表達方式。第一次說"我認為"可以用"I think"，第二次再用"I think"顯然就很乏味，應(yīng)該換成"I believe"或"I imagine"之類的表達。相比之下，漢語對變換表達方式的要求沒有英語那么高，很多英語中的變化表達譯成重復(fù)表達就行了。請看下面的例子：
The monkey's most extraordinary accomplishment was learning to operate a tractor. By the age of nine, the monkey had learned to solo on the vehicle.
譯文：這只猴子最了不起的成就是學(xué)會駕駛拖拉機。到九歲的時候，這只猴子已經(jīng)學(xué)會了單獨表演駕駛拖拉機了。tractor和vehicle在句中顯然都表示"拖拉機"，英語表達上有變化，而譯成漢語時使用了重復(fù)表達法。
四、英語多抽象，漢語多具體
做翻譯實踐較多的人都有這樣的體會：英文句子難譯主要難在結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜和表達抽象上。通過分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，把長句變短句、從句變分句，結(jié)構(gòu)上的難題往往迎刃而解。表達抽象則要求譯者吃透原文的意思、用具體的中文進行表達，這對考生往往具有更大的挑戰(zhàn)性。
下面我們先看一組例子：
disintegration 土崩瓦解
ardent (熱心的;熱情的)loyalty 赤膽忠心
total exhaustion 筋疲力盡
far-sightedness 遠見卓識
careful consideration 深思熟慮
perfect harmony (和聲;和睦)水乳交融
雅思技巧：雅思寫作怎樣巧妙引出話題
在具體寫作過程中，為了滿足考生應(yīng)介紹段落寫作的第一步。俗話說，萬事開頭難。許多學(xué)生不知道如何開始，浪費時間，無法在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)完成250字。事實上，作者的結(jié)論，可以引入基于background 的描寫來引出話題。
Background 方法介紹
筆者就從教來的總結(jié)歸納來介紹Background的寫作，認為應(yīng)該從內(nèi)容同句型上同時做到補充。下面先給大家介紹下擴充背景句的方法：
1). 追根溯源法。即從題目給出的話題中找出這個現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因來擴展背景句。這種方法適合大多數(shù)的話題，考生要盡量在考前做練習(xí)，這樣在考試就可以得心應(yīng)手了。
請看下面的例子：
There are social，medical and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take?Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of mobile phones? (高分范文P76)
這個題目中給出的話題是mobile phone，所以考生可以從它產(chǎn)生的原因來考慮，就是科技的繁榮，而科技的繁榮，手機的廣泛使用是在20世紀末，這樣背景句就有內(nèi)容可寫了。當然要通過相應(yīng)的句型來寫了。如 … (time) witnessed …
這個背景句就可以寫成：The late 20th century witnessed the boom of science and technology，which gave rise to a series of technological innovations，including the mobile phone.
再看一例：
Nowadays， some universities offer students skills that assist them to find employment，but some people believe that the main function of a university should bide students with access to knowledge for its sake. What is your opinion?
這個問題需要討論大學(xué)是提供職業(yè)技能或知識。從傳統(tǒng)的角度來看，大學(xué)是傳授知識的場所，為什么教的技能，所以這里的考生也認為通過努力和徹底的搜索方法找到，我們當然可以認為是因為工作已經(jīng)成為當今教育的目標之一，很多大學(xué)教授技巧。當然，它是根據(jù)句式，可以用來引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。
參考：As job-hunting has become one of the main purposes of university education，the majority of the universities tend to offer vocational trainings to prepare the students for their future career.
2). 重述法。即對關(guān)于這個話題的當前現(xiàn)狀的重述。
請看一例：
Nowadays，people are facing more and more work-related stress. State the possible reasons for this phenomenon and make some recommendations about how to combat it。
本題的話題關(guān)于壓力，那考生可從當前社會現(xiàn)象來考慮這個問題，考生不難想出當下對壓力這一現(xiàn)象的情況，即很多人都在承受著或多或少的壓力?？捎胕t is generally believed that … 形式主語的句型。
參考：It is generally believed that white-collar as well as blue-collars workers are suffering from psychological and physical stress stemming from work.
3). 定義法。即通過對話題詞的定義的介紹，這種方法有一定難度，考生需要有淵博的知識，才能做到對名詞的解釋，但對特別明顯的詞語，考生可借鑒這種方法。
請看一例：
The main purpose of public libraries is to provide books should not waste their limited resources and space on providing expensive hi-tech media such as computer software，videos and DVDs. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Background 句型介紹：
從以上的分析，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在內(nèi)容上是有方法了，不難從內(nèi)容上找材料，可是如果句型積累不多的話，寫出來的句子也是無法得到高分的，所以接下來，為大家介紹下常用的高分句型。
1). It is generally believed
It is the case that …
It is apparent that … 等形式主語
Eg It is generally believed that white-collar as well as blue-collar workers are suffering from psychological and physical stress stemming from work.
2). It is … that …
It is … who … 強調(diào)句型
Eg.It is the traditions in Beijing that attract many foreign tourists.
下面是考官范文里的句子：
It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person's personality and dictates how that personality develops.
3). 時間引導(dǎo)的敘述句型
Lately，the problem of unemployment has been brought to popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.
4). 狀語前置
下面是劍6的高分范文中的句子：
In spite of this，the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be denied.
Just like movie stars，they live extravagant lifestyles with huge houses and cars.
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