托福寫作怎樣培養(yǎng)邏輯思路
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托福寫作怎樣培養(yǎng)邏輯思路
段落主題句要能言之有物
這是再功利不過的一條標(biāo)準(zhǔn),就上面這道題目而言,有的考生注意到了食物準(zhǔn)備時間縮短與生活質(zhì)量改善之間的思路跳躍,因此在兩者中間補(bǔ)充說明,食物準(zhǔn)備時間縮短能讓人性情改變,從而影響人們的生活質(zhì)量,構(gòu)思時覺得該立意比較新穎,又能切合主題,繼續(xù)寫下去不無可能。
但真正落筆到托福獨(dú)立寫作中卻不知道該如何說明人們性情轉(zhuǎn)變這一抽象情況,并且自己平常生活中對此也并無較深入的感受和經(jīng)驗(yàn),結(jié)果說了一句話拓展就不得不匆匆收尾,導(dǎo)致讀者要不就讀得“意猶未盡”,要不就干脆覺得“云里霧里”。與其這樣,還不如選個常見思路,如:快速的生活節(jié)奏造成壓力,來展開拓展,這樣即能展示語言功底,也能顯示思維縝密的寫作方向。
全文選擇的2個或是3個段落支持理由之間不能出現(xiàn)重復(fù)論述
這其實(shí)是整個構(gòu)思階段的重頭。要立意,就是要明白自己表達(dá)的對象是什么,明確立場。然后站在這個立場上,挑選支持自己的論點(diǎn)。在整理行文思路時,考生所進(jìn)行的其實(shí)是個發(fā)散思維的過程,而立意,則是要把思維收回來,組織化,理清它的脈絡(luò)紋路,讓它們有著各自的特征,又能協(xié)調(diào)地為同一目的服務(wù)。
托福獨(dú)立寫作范文:音樂
The Language of Music
A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm-two entirely different movements.
Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner’s responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.
This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority.
Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.
托福獨(dú)立寫作范文:Schooling and Education
Schooling and Education
It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one’s entire life.
Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that there not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.
托福寫作范文:The Definition of “Price”
The Definition of “Price”
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the “system” of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define “price”, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words that price is the money values of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total “package” being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
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