新托福寫(xiě)作真題:Mediaandcelebrities解析+范文
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新托福寫(xiě)作真題:Media and celebrities托福寫(xiě)作題目
Topic:Media and celebrities
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television, newspapers, magazines, and other media pay too much attention to the personal lives of famous people such as public figures and celebrities. Use specific reasons and details to explain your opinion.
新托福寫(xiě)作真題:Media and celebrities解析
參考分析:
不能同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)——因?yàn)檫@樣的說(shuō)法過(guò)于片面。有些媒體(大眾傳媒mass media)表現(xiàn)得過(guò)于關(guān)注名人。但是真正的起因(the real cause)卻是大眾(the public; the broad masses of the people)本身——大眾過(guò)于關(guān)注名人以及名人的私生活。媒體不過(guò)是在迎合大眾(cater to the needs of customers;過(guò)去幾年里,電視一直迎合大眾的口味。In the past several years, television has been playing to the gallery.),因?yàn)槊襟w也是商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)(commercial organization),也要盈利(profit-driving)。不是所有媒體都在一味迎合大眾,也不是所有的television program, newspaper column都在關(guān)注名人。
新托福寫(xiě)作真題:Media and celebrities范文
范文:
同意電視等媒體過(guò)分注重公眾人物的報(bào)道:
(1)媒體為了滿(mǎn)足大眾的好奇心(SATISFY THE CURIOSITY),所以過(guò)分注重公眾人物的報(bào)道。比如說(shuō),名人的食品和生活方式等等。
(2)媒體為了賺錢(qián)的需要,集中在公共人物的報(bào)道。
(3)媒體為了監(jiān)督公眾人物。所以經(jīng)常報(bào)道他們的私生活。
In this global information age where newspapers or magazines are always handy and TV has already turned so many people into couch tomatoes, few people concern about what these mass media has brought to us; we just accept it anyway. While I think the current focus on personal lives of famous people by these media requires further consideration.
Admittedly, it is reasonable for those media to continuously pay great attention to celebrities, the present fierce competition of the various media, the hard-to-pleased audiences' taste, the bombastic effect of coverage of these shining figures. No surprise sometimes that we feel we just know more than those famous people than themselves.
However, the consequence of such intense coverage on public figures' personal lives not only violate those being focused on a certain level, but also do harm to us being informed in some ways. Firstly, the privacy of those celebrities is ineluctably encroached from time to time. Sometimes the result is sad - do not forget the tragedy of Princess Diana. Secondly, our attention is certainly being diverted by such tide of craziness about celebrities. What about those viewers who want to see something about ordinary people' lives? How can mass media not concern more about those people suffering from pain and poverty?
Furthermore, one of the significant results of the current fad on famous figures is that their behavior is so influential while at the same time the media have little guarantee to ensure what the say and do will not mislead the mass public and even cause more problems. For example, if a famous figure is being asked about his or her point of view in a field he or she is not quite acquainted, the words presented to the audience may be misleading. This is especially harmful to those young people who are more likely to watch those programs of their idols, and also are mostly vulnerable to influential but harmful sayings.
In a sense, I do not quite appreciate the coverage of people in the center of spotlight; maybe once the mass media turn a little bit from their current focus to other aspects of the society, they may find out that the world is wonderful all the same.
托福寫(xiě)作掌握這“2+3”:你的句子邏輯再也不會(huì)錯(cuò)!
說(shuō)到句與句之間的關(guān)聯(lián),大家都應(yīng)該聽(tīng)過(guò)一種說(shuō)法,叫“英文重形合,中文重意合”,聽(tīng)起來(lái)特別高大上。說(shuō)得簡(jiǎn)單點(diǎn)兒,意思就是說(shuō),中文靠腦補(bǔ),英文靠關(guān)聯(lián)。
舉個(gè)例子,小時(shí)候,我們都背過(guò)一首唐詩(shī):“白日依山盡,黃河入海流,欲窮千里目,更上一層樓”。仔細(xì)觀察一下這四句詩(shī),句與句之間沒(méi)有任何明顯的邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)詞,它是靠句子和句子之間個(gè)含義來(lái)讓人讀懂的。這就是所謂的“中文靠意合”。
那如果這四句詩(shī)要用英文的連接方式來(lái)寫(xiě)該怎么寫(xiě)呢?得寫(xiě)成“When白日依山盡,黃河入海流。if欲窮千里目,更上一層樓?!蓖ㄟ^(guò)分析這四句詩(shī)你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),這四個(gè)句子之間被加上了邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)詞。也就是說(shuō)英文這種語(yǔ)言是靠邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)詞來(lái)表達(dá)含義的。如果沒(méi)有邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)詞的話(huà),那可能句子理解起來(lái)就會(huì)有困難。
理解清楚了什么叫“形合”什么叫“意合”,那接下來(lái),我們來(lái)我們引入今天我們要講的兩個(gè)重要概念。第一個(gè)叫“邏輯關(guān)系”,第二個(gè)叫“連接方式”。
兩個(gè)概念:
邏輯關(guān)系&連接關(guān)系
“邏輯關(guān)系”是句子含義與含義之間的關(guān)系。比如說(shuō)轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、讓步、并列、遞進(jìn),這種叫“邏輯關(guān)系”。不管什么語(yǔ)言,它都可能來(lái)表達(dá)這種含義之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。
“連接方式”指的是句子之間的密切程度,它靠什么詞兒來(lái)連接,就證明了這兩句話(huà)之間有不同的密切程度。同一種邏輯關(guān)系,可能有不同的邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)詞來(lái)表現(xiàn),那表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的親疏程度也是不同的。
三個(gè)關(guān)系:
單句連單句 并列句 從句
第一種關(guān)聯(lián)方式,叫“單句連單句”。大家可以簡(jiǎn)單的記成“單+單”。舉個(gè)例子,“I love you. However, you do not love me.”,大家發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩句話(huà)是用句號(hào)來(lái)結(jié)尾的,證明這兩句話(huà)之間是彼此獨(dú)立的,井水不犯河水的,但是出現(xiàn)了“however”,證明了這兩句話(huà)在含義上是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系?!皢尉溥B單句”這種連接方式,是一種比較松散的關(guān)系。就好像你和你的朋友之間的關(guān)系一樣,你和你的朋友原來(lái)是陌生人,只不過(guò)在人群中多看了彼此一眼,確認(rèn)過(guò)眼神,成為了好朋友。假設(shè)你們碰不上呢,可能還是陌生人。所以說(shuō)這是第一種邏輯關(guān)系連接方式,叫單句連單句。
第二種呢,叫并列句。什么是并列句呢,在這注意理解,并不是指的是并列的這種邏輯關(guān)系,而指的是這兩句話(huà)之間是平等的并列關(guān)系,大不了你也小不了我。舉個(gè)例子,比如說(shuō),“I love you, but you do not love me.”,大家觀察一下這句話(huà),整個(gè)只有一個(gè)完整的句子,兩個(gè)短句是靠逗號(hào)和but連接的,所以說(shuō)這兩句話(huà)之間的緊密程度要比那個(gè)單句連單句之間要密切一點(diǎn)。由于用but連接,證明這兩句話(huà)間的邏輯關(guān)系依然是轉(zhuǎn)折,這就相當(dāng)于這兩句話(huà)之間的關(guān)系是親戚關(guān)系。比如說(shuō)你和你的表弟是來(lái)自于同一個(gè)大家庭,就算你們倆之間的關(guān)系不好,是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,但依然血濃于水。在并列句當(dāng)中,大家需要記住一個(gè)單詞,這個(gè)單詞是幾個(gè)單詞的首字母構(gòu)成的,這個(gè)單詞是“FanBoys”。F代表for,for連接兩個(gè)句子時(shí)意思是“因?yàn)椤?A代表and,表示“和”;N代表nor,意思是“沒(méi)有”、“也不”;B代表but,意思是“但是”;O代表or,意思是“或者”;Y代表yet,也是表示“但是”;S表示so,“所以”?!癋anBoys”,大家記住這幾個(gè)字母。所有的這些單詞都是來(lái)連接并列句的,而這些單詞之前都要出現(xiàn)逗號(hào),也就是說(shuō)這兩句話(huà)要用“,+and”、“,+but”、“,+so”、“,+for”,用這種關(guān)系來(lái)把句子連接起來(lái),這樣才符合這種句法規(guī)范。所以這個(gè)叫“FanBoys”。
第三種邏輯關(guān)系,或者叫關(guān)聯(lián)方式是從句,這里的從句主要指的是狀語(yǔ)從句。比如說(shuō),“Although I love you,you do not love me.”,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這句話(huà)跟前邊兩種方式所表達(dá)的含義基本一致,但是親密程度不一樣了。這里出現(xiàn)了從句,什么是從句呢,就是這兩句話(huà)是互相依存的,我不能只有從句而沒(méi)有主句,就像這句話(huà)我不能說(shuō)成“Although I love you.”沒(méi)了,我沒(méi)有主句,這是不對(duì)的。這兩句話(huà)之間的邏輯關(guān)系是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,也就是說(shuō)有“Although”證明它是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,但是這兩句話(huà)之間的密切程度是很密切的,這就相當(dāng)于這兩句話(huà)之間是父母和孩子這種關(guān)系,不可能一個(gè)孩子沒(méi)有父母,同理也不可能一個(gè)從句沒(méi)有主句。
好,我們來(lái)梳理一下這個(gè)思路,這三句話(huà)表達(dá)的含義都是一致的,邏輯關(guān)系也是一致的,但是這三種關(guān)聯(lián)詞,一種是靠“。+However”來(lái)連,一種是靠“,+but”來(lái)連,一種是靠“Although”來(lái)連,這三種所表達(dá)的連接方式的密切程度是逐漸加深的。所以大家你要思考一下啊,以后你要寫(xiě)句子的時(shí)候要想一想,這些句子之間有什么密切程度,有什么邏輯關(guān)系,我考慮到這兩層,才能把句子之間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞用得比較精確,比較準(zhǔn)確。所以說(shuō)大家在寫(xiě)句子的時(shí)候一定要注意,英文當(dāng)中的句子是要有關(guān)聯(lián)詞的,句與句之間要有關(guān)聯(lián),段與段之間要有過(guò)渡,寫(xiě)到了這個(gè),才能滿(mǎn)足評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)當(dāng)中的“Organization”,也就是說(shuō)你的文章考官可以從頭讀到尾不會(huì)感覺(jué)到任何的困惑。
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