托福寫作六大高分句型精析
ETS 對于托福獨立寫作的文章有三大要求：文章的組織，文章的論證以及文章的語言。對于那些本身文章結(jié)構(gòu)和論證問題不大的童鞋，語言如果能夠?qū)懙脑俑叽笊弦恍翢o疑問會大大的加分的。下面小編給大家?guī)硗懈懽髁蟾叻志湫途觯Ｍ蠹铱梢栽谧约旱奈恼轮徐`活運用!
托福寫作六大高分句型精析
句型1
原文材料：
Recent revelations from the journalist Glenn Greenwald put the number of Americans under government surveillance at a colossal 1.2 million people.
推薦句型：
Recent ... from…put the number of…at ...
推薦理由：
數(shù)據(jù)論證憑借自身的通(wu)用(lai)深受男女老少歡迎，可以說是居家旅行托福雅思之必備神器。這個句式用在數(shù)據(jù)論證中，介紹某一來源中的一個具體數(shù)字再裝逼不過了。
原創(chuàng)例句：
1. A recent survey jointly conducted by Tencent.com and National Analysis has put the number of users of cab-hailing apps at a colossal 150 million, with only 1.8% aged over 50.
2. A recent report issued by the government has put the number of Chinese cities blanketed by smog at an astonishing 61.
3. A recent poll conducted by Shanghai University has put the number of respondents who want to live in a cheap place at a whopping 350, 000, approximately 80% of whom are under the age of 30.
學(xué)以致用：
1. Technologies designed to make our lives easier actually make it more complicated.
科技并不是公平的，對什么都能迅速上手的年輕人來說，科技著實使生活變得簡單。但是對于腦筋不夠靈活視力也逐年下降的老年人來說，科技反而會使他們的生活變復(fù)雜。比如騰訊和國家分析局做的一個調(diào)查顯示打車軟件的用戶已經(jīng)高達(dá)1.5億，但這其中只有1.8%的用戶年紀(jì)超過50歲(此調(diào)查純屬虛構(gòu)如有雷同純屬巧合)。大爺大媽們不會用軟件，路上的車都被年輕人用打車軟件預(yù)定了，你說科技是不是使老年人的生活更復(fù)雜了?
2. Environmental problems are too complex, and individuals cannot handle them.
環(huán)境問題一直是近年來各種媒體上的buzzword，那為了渲染環(huán)境問題嚴(yán)重，我們可以一句話證明環(huán)境沒救了。比如第二個例句說，近來一個中國政府報告稱被霧霾籠罩的中國城市數(shù)目已經(jīng)達(dá)到駭人的61個。后面再解釋說pm2.5多高，污染程度之深, 來證明個人行為是無法解決這樣的問題的。Nailed it～
3. Which place do you prefer to live in? a. a place that is not expensive. b. a place that is close to relatives c. a place with a lot of shops and restaurants around
這道三選一問題非常接地氣，問人們想住什么樣的地方。那么上海大學(xué)的民調(diào)又可以出場了，多達(dá)350，000位受訪者表示愿意住在便宜的地方，其中百分之八十左右是30歲以下的窮屌絲，那這道題的答案顯然就是年輕人住便宜點，哪怕上下班山水迢迢。
句型2
原文材料：
As human behavior is tracked and merchandized on a massive scale, the Internet of Things creates the perfect conditions to bolster and expand the surveillance state.
推薦句型：
As…, …creates perfect conditions to...
推薦理由：
在開頭lead-in的部分，很多同學(xué)為了避免唐突尷尬會說“隨著時代發(fā)展社會進(jìn)步人民生活水平提高”等等廢話，那么上面這個句型可以讓我們的cliche變得稍稍不那么low。
原創(chuàng)例句：
1. As information technology continues to progress, social network sites create perfect conditions for malicious hackers to access privacy that we have no intention to reveal to strangers.
2. As people’s philosophy of education evolves, wealthy parents now create perfect conditions for their children to learn both liberal arts and science, so that they can build a well-rounded personality from an early age.
3. As technologies develop rapidly, instant communication tools create perfect conditions for young people to keep in touch with their old friends, no matter how far they are apart from each other.
學(xué)以致用：
1. Some people record experience by sharing picture or other information on social network sites, while others don’t like to share. Which do you prefer?
這道題在大規(guī)模好萊塢女星艷照泄漏之后出顯得特別與時俱進(jìn)。在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上，你是一個悶騷潛水員，還是一個愛秀直播逼呢?如果選擇前者，我們在引入話題時就可以用上例句一，隨著信息技術(shù)不斷進(jìn)步，社交網(wǎng)站給腹黑的黑客們提供了完美的條件去窺探我們無意向陌生人透露的隱私，所以我們最好還是不作不死。
2. Young school children should be required to learn art and music in addition to science, math, history and language.
隨著教育觀念的一步步革新，家長們不再是拿著雞毛撣子逼孩子學(xué)習(xí)的角色了，他們也意識到了素質(zhì)教育的重要。但是主課之外的音樂美術(shù)等等也不是誰都學(xué)得起的，于是家底厚實的爹們?yōu)樗麄兊墓忧Ы饎?chuàng)造了完美的條件來學(xué)習(xí)人文和科學(xué)知識，這樣就可以早早培養(yǎng)孩子們健全的人格。
3. Moving to a new town or country is not a good thing because people will lose their friends.
搬去新的國家或者城市是不好的，因為會跟朋友失聯(lián)?四處浪的年輕人肯定覺得這是BS，現(xiàn)在溝通這么方便，怎么會失去朋友呢?所以，如例句三所說，隨著科技迅速發(fā)展，即時通訊工具給年輕人與舊友交流創(chuàng)造了完美的平臺，無論他們相隔多遠(yuǎn)。所謂但愿人長久，千里聊QQ。
句型3
原文材料：
"The new rules should thus expose polluters to a scissor-style pressure:from above,through the central-planning system,and from below,from the media and organisations such as Mr Ma's."
推薦句型：
_x be exposed to a scissor-style pressure: from above, through…, and from below, from….
推薦理由：
壓力毫無疑問是一個寫作和口語考試中非常常用的一個萬能理由，因為它可以跟很多東西相關(guān)，比如壓力的來源(生活壓力，學(xué)習(xí)壓力，工作壓力)，壓力的影響(身體差，心情不爽)，減壓的方式和措施等等，上面的句型就可以用來描寫某一個主體，比如工作的人或者學(xué)生，面臨著雙重壓力，工作的人可能來自照顧老人撫養(yǎng)孩子;學(xué)生可能來自父母老師以及同伴。
原創(chuàng)例句：
1. A majority of the youths today are exposed to a scissor-style pressure: from above, through looking after the ever growing aging population, and from below, from the soaring costs of raising children.
2. A multitude of teenagers at present are exposed to a scissor-style pressure: from above, through their parents with ever-higher expectations, and from below, from their peers most of whom try their best to outdo each other.
學(xué)以致用：
1. People care more about public recognition than about money.
根據(jù)上面的例句，這個題目我們可以選擇不同意，那些苦逼的剛上班沒幾年的年輕人，怎么可能更在乎名而不是錢呢?他們壓力多大啊，當(dāng)然需要錢了啊;
2. Younger school children should be required to study music and art in addition to language, science, and mathematics.
同樣，這個題目我們也可以選擇不同意的立場，孩子們本來就壓力特別大，父母期望高，同伴都一個比一個牛逼，學(xué)校里面的課程和輔導(dǎo)課都上不完呢，怎么可能有時間搞別的呢。這不是坑爹嗎?
句型4
原文材料：
Meanwhile, cars themselves are becoming computers on wheels, with operating system updates coming wirelessly over the air.
推薦句型：
with+n./pron.+doing
推薦理由：
兩個主語發(fā)出兩種動作，這兩種動作又幾乎同時發(fā)生，你會怎么寫?打賭80%的同學(xué)都是The economy is developing fast, but the environment is deteriorating. 為了增強(qiáng)句式變化，我們可以使用一個with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，把其中一個主語和動作塞進(jìn)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)里。
原創(chuàng)例句：
1. Urban residents find it more difficult to raise children than five decades ago, with living cost and tuition hitting all time high.
2. Fresh grads in first-tier cities nowadays find themselves more pressured than ever before,with competition in the job market growing increasingly stiff.
3. This is due to the fact that students can retrieve information and obtain knowledge from various sources other than teachers, with new media advancing continuously these years.
學(xué)以致用：
1. It is easier for parents to raise children than 50 years ago.
過去人們一直抱怨計劃生育政策，但是開放二胎之后卻沒多少人生。生孩子就那么分分鐘的事兒，為啥沒人生呢?不好養(yǎng)唄。奶粉貴不貴，上學(xué)貴不貴，所以就像第一個例句說的，隨著生活和教育成本再創(chuàng)新高，城市居民發(fā)現(xiàn)撫養(yǎng)孩子比五十年前難多了。
2. The rules the whole society expects young people to follow are too strict.
近來找過工作的年輕人肯定都感受到了這個社會森森的惡意，隨便一家很水的公司招聘都要3、5年的工作經(jīng)驗，這么苛刻的規(guī)則還讓不讓我們新畢業(yè)的菜鳥玩兒了?所以這一題我們舉雙手雙腳贊成，如例句二所說，工作市場競爭的激烈指數(shù)一路飆升，讓一線城市的小鮮肉們感受到了史無前例的壓力。
3. Teachers today are less appreciated and valued than in the past.
身為老師我只能為這題含淚點贊，隨著新媒體的發(fā)展，學(xué)生們翅膀硬了，有度娘有谷歌，哪里不會點哪里，誰還在乎老師呢。
句型5
原文材料：
It takes very little imagination to foresee how the kitchen mood wall could lead to advertisements for antidepressants that follow you around the Web...It takes even less imagination to foresee how information about your comings and goings obtained from the Google Latitude Doorbell could be used in a court of law.
推薦句型：
It takes very little imagination to ….It takes even less imagination to ...
推薦理由：
這個句型看起來很簡單，但我們一般不會想到先用little表示極少，再用less表示比little還少。兩個句子排列工整，可以用在說理部分，用來描述一個不言自明、顯而易見的情況
原創(chuàng)例句：
1. It takes very little imagination to foresee how fast competition in the adulthood would turn vicious; it takes even less imagination to foresee in what way vicious competition would influence friendships.
2. It takes little imagination to visualize what people would be like if they do not have access to education. It takes even less imagination to visualize what a country would be like if its people are, through no fault of their own, ignorant.
3. It takes little imagination to foresee that people’s awareness will soon be enhanced. It takes even less imagination to foresee that governments of different countries will take joint efforts and sponsor more scientific researches against the exacerbating environment.
學(xué)以致用：
1. Competition between friends always has negative influence on their friendship.
這道題簡直不能同意更多，成年朋友之間一有競爭就容易友盡。用例句的話說就是，不難想象成年人之間的競爭很快就會升級成撕逼大戰(zhàn)，更不難猜競爭變味后的朋友還能不能好好玩耍。
2. Improving schools is the most important factor for the successful development of a country.
古話說得好，教育是國之根本，沒文化真可怕。一個人沒受過教育會是啥樣，一個國家的人都沒文化這個國家又會是啥樣，敢想嗎?所以這道題就同意唄，改善學(xué)校是國家成功發(fā)展的最重要因素。
3. The most important problems that affect our society can be solved within our lifetime.
現(xiàn)在人類最煩心的事是什么?看看帝都人民發(fā)明的APEC blue就知道了，環(huán)境啊。那環(huán)境問題能不能在我們有生之年解決呢?當(dāng)然了，都已經(jīng)水深火熱成這樣了，人民的環(huán)保意識肯定會提高啊，過年過節(jié)放鞭炮的都少了;基層人民都行動了，各國政府還好意思圍觀么，當(dāng)然得行動起來了。當(dāng)年的倫敦霧霾一世紀(jì)就緩過來了，我們現(xiàn)在科技這么發(fā)達(dá)，心情這么迫切，很有可能環(huán)境問題幾十年就解決了。所以這道題答yes就行了。
句型6
原文材料：
While, arguably, this “finding” is as trivial as an umbrella that turns blue when it’s going to rain, there is nothing trivial about collecting personal data, as innocuous as that data may seem.
推薦句型(變體)：
While...seems/sounds as adj. as can be, there is nothing more adj. than...
推薦理由：
我們在獨立寫作中經(jīng)常用到對比的寫法。這個句型可用在具有對比意味的語境中，前半句當(dāng)作讓步，“盡管對比中的一個因素看起來已經(jīng)很…”, 后半句轉(zhuǎn)折說“但是另一個因素更…”.
原創(chuàng)例句：
1. While environmental protection seems as pressing as can be, there is nothing morepressing than feeding the growing population in disadvantaged countries where the original eco-system is well preserved.
2. While a secure job seems as tempting as can be, there is no job more tempting than a risky and well-paid one for the new generation who are mostly avid challenge hunters.
3. While playing sports with a couple of friends sounds as relaxing as can be, there is nothing more relaxing than a good book or an old movie for those manual laborers who are wearied out with strenuous physical work every day.
學(xué)以致用：
1. Feeding the world’s growing population is more important than protecting environment.
這道題中如果我們持同意的意見，就可以用到第一個例句。盡管到處都在宣揚保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要，但是并非世界各地的環(huán)境都破壞了啊，比如美麗的非洲大草原原始生態(tài)環(huán)境保持完好，但是一些邊緣小國民不聊生，人民瘦的皮包骨，你說feed population重要還是保護(hù)環(huán)境重要呢?
2. It is better to take a secure job with a low pay than to take a risky one with a high salary.
根據(jù)第二個例句，我們這道題可以不同意。雖然鐵飯碗聽起來挺誘人的，但新一代的年輕人個個都很傲嬌，熱衷追尋挑戰(zhàn)，高薪高風(fēng)險的工作相比之下更合他們的口味。
3. To read a book or to watch a movie is a better way to relax than to do some physical exercises.
第三個例句回答的就是這道題，確實約三五好友做做運動聽起來不賴，但是對于那些每天做繁重體力勞動的工人來說，額外的運動會加重他們的身體負(fù)擔(dān)，還是一本好書或者一部老電影更能幫他們放松。
This need for immediacy is reflected in younger news consumers’ choice of media: they overwhelmingly prefer to get their news from television and the Internet.
這句話的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)是： This need for… is reflected in A:
B 對…的需求體現(xiàn)在A上：B (B是對A的具體解釋)，屬于因果邏輯。
我們在寫作中，要多學(xué)會用具體的事例、細(xì)節(jié)來表達(dá)我們的觀點，這樣才更有說服力。
這句話值得我們學(xué)習(xí)的地方很多，單詞雖然簡單，但是短語卻很地道。
1)對…的需求 need for…
2) 體現(xiàn)在… is reflected in…
3) 某人…的選擇 one’s choice of sth
4)非常喜歡… overwhelmingly prefer to…
5 )從…獲得新聞 get news from…
托福備考之寫作素材：STEM學(xué)科
新托福寫作素材：STEM學(xué)科
We don’t need more STEM majors. We need more STEM majors with liberal arts training.
In business and at every level of government, we hear how important it is to graduate more students majoring in science, technology, engineering and math, as our nation’s competitiveness depends on it. The Obama administration has set a goal of increasing STEM graduates by one million by 2022, and the “desperate need” for more STEM students makes regular headlines. The emphasis on bolstering STEM participation comes in tandem with bleak news about the liberal arts —bad job prospects, programs being cut, too many humanities majors.
As a chemist, I agree that remaining competitive in the sciences is a critical issue. But as an instructor, I also think that if American STEM grads aregoing lead the world in innovation, then their science education cannot be divorced from the liberal arts.
Our culture has drawn an artificial line between art and science, one that did not exist for innovators like Leonardo da Vinci and Steve Jobs. Leonardo’s curiosity and passion for painting, writing, engineering and biology helped him triumph in both art and science; his study of anatomy and dissections of corpses enabled his incredible drawings of the human figure. When introducing the iPad 2, Jobs, who dropped out of college but continued to audit calligraphy classes, declared: “It’s in Apple’s DNA that technology alone is not enough — it’s technology married with liberal arts, married with the humanities, that yields us the result that makes our heart sing.” (Indeed, one of Apple’s scientists, Steve Perlman, was inspired to invent the QuickTime multimedia program by an episode of “Star Trek.”)
Carly Fiorina, former CEO of Hewlett-Packard, credits her degree in philosophy and medieval history in helping her be the first woman to lead a high-tech Fortune 20 corporation. “If you go into a setting and everybody thinks alike, it’s easy,” she has said. “But you will probably get the wrong answer.”
I became a chemistry professor by working side-by-side at the bench with a number of mentors, and the scholar/mentor relationships I’ve enjoyed were a critical aspect of my science education. And it is the centerpiece of a college experience within the liberal arts environment. For me, it was the key that unlocked true learning, and for my students, it has made them better scientists and better equipped to communicate their work to the public.
Like apprentices to a painter, my students sit with me and plan experiments. We gather and review data and determine the next questions to address. After two to three years of direct mentoring, students develop the ability to interpret results on their own, describe how findings advance knowledge, generate ideas for subsequent experiments and plan these experiments themselves. Seniors train new students in the lab, helping them learn gene recombination techniques that depend on accurate calculations and precise delivery of reagents. Put simply, a microliter-scale mistake can spell disaster for an experiment that took days to complete. And while my students work on these sensitive projects, they often offer creative and innovative approaches. To reduce calculation errors, one of my students wrote a user-friendly computer program to automatically measure replicate volumes. He did this by drawing on programming skills he learned in a computer science course he took for fun. Young people stuck exclusively in chemistry lecture halls will not evolve the same way.
A scientist trained in the liberal arts has another huge advantage: writing ability. The study of writing and analyses of texts equip science students to communicate their findings as professionals in the field. My students accompany me to conferences, where they do the talking. They write portions of articles for publications and are true co-authors by virtue of their contributions to both the experiments and the writing. Scientists are often unable to communicate effectively because, as Cornell University president David J. Skorton points out, “many of us never received the education in the humanities or social sciences that would allow us to explain to nonscientists what we do and why it is important.”
To innovate is to introduce change. While STEM workers can certainly drive innovation through science alone, imagine how much more innovative students and employees could be if the pool of knowledge from which they draw is wider and deeper. That occurs as the result of a liberal arts education.
Many in government and business publicly question the value of such an education. Yet employers in every sector continue to scoop up my students because of their ability to apply cross-disciplinary thinking to an incredibly complex world. They like my chemistry grads because not only can they find their way around a laboratory, but they’re also nimble thinkers who know to consider chemistry’s impact on society and the environment. Some medical schools have also caught on to this. The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has been admitting an increasing number of applicants with backgrounds in the humanities for the past 20 years. “It doesn’t make you a better doctor to know how fast a mass falls from a tree,” Gail Morris, head of the school’s admissions, told Newsweek. “We need whole people.”
By all means, let’s grow our STEM graduates as aggressively as possible. But let’s make sure they also have that all-important grounding in the liberal arts. We can have both.
托福寫作舉一反三:
摘抄：
We hear how important it is to graduate more students majoring in science, technology, engineering and math, as our nation’s competitiveness depends on it.
我們聽到的是更多科學(xué),技術(shù),工程和數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生畢業(yè)有多么重要,因為我們國家的競爭力取決于它。
desperate need：迫切需要
makes regular headlines：經(jīng)常上頭條新聞
bolstering STEM participation：加強(qiáng)STEM學(xué)科參與
in tandem with：配合
bad job prospects, programs being cut, too many humanities majors：糟糕的就業(yè)前景,計劃被削減,太多的人文專業(yè)畢業(yè)生
remaining competitive：保持競爭力
a critical issue：一個關(guān)鍵問題
going lead the world in innovation：在創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)世界
science education cannot be divorced from the liberal arts：科學(xué)教育不能脫離了文科
drawn an artificial line between art and science：在藝術(shù)和科學(xué)之間繪制一個人為的界線
Leonardo da Vinci and Steve Jobs.
列奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇,史蒂夫·喬布斯
Leonardo’s curiosity and passion for painting, writing, engineering and biology helped him triumph in both art and science：達(dá)芬奇對繪畫，寫作,工程學(xué)和生物學(xué)的好奇和熱愛,幫助他在藝術(shù)和科學(xué)勝利;
his study of anatomy and dissections of corpses enabled his incredibledrawings of the human figure：他研究尸體的解剖學(xué)和解剖使他繪出難以置信的人類圖的圖紙
dropped out of college：從大學(xué)退學(xué)
continued to audit calligraphy classes：持續(xù)旁聽書法課程
yields us the result that makes our heart sing：使我們獲得了令我們心靈唱歌的結(jié)果
it is the centerpiece of a college experience within the liberal arts environment.
它的核心是一個有文科環(huán)境內(nèi)大學(xué)經(jīng)歷。
it was the key that unlocked true learning: 這是解決真正學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)鍵
better equipped to communicate their work to the public:能更好地向公眾傳達(dá)他們的工作
develop the ability to interpret results on their own:
自己開發(fā)來解釋結(jié)果的能力
often offer creative and innovative approaches:
經(jīng)常提供創(chuàng)意和創(chuàng)新方法。
The study of writing and analyses of texts equip science students to communicate their findings as professionals in the field.
寫作的研究和分析文使科學(xué)學(xué)生為該領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)人士交流他們的研究成果。
communicate effectively: 有效溝通
the pool of knowledge: 知識的池子
the result of a liberal arts education: 文科教育的結(jié)果。
the value of such an education: 這樣教育的價值。
scoop up: 舀上來
apply cross-disciplinary thinking to an incredibly complex world: 將跨學(xué)科思維應(yīng)用到一個非常復(fù)雜的世界
consider chemistry’s impact on society:
考慮化學(xué)對社會的影響
has been admitting an increasing number of applicants with backgrounds in the humanities for the past 20 years: 在過去的20年已經(jīng)錄取越來越多有人文背景的申請人
By all means: 無論如何
all-important grounding in the liberal arts: 文科的重要的基礎(chǔ)
Citation：
https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2015/02/18/we-dont-need-more-stem-majors-we-need-more-stem-majors-with-liberal-arts-training/
托福寫作真題實戰(zhàn)應(yīng)用
適用題目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：students should be encouraged to take courses like science, technology, engineering and math that are likely to lead to job opportunities rather than subjects they might be interested in.
A high school has decided that all students must take a class in which they learn a practical skill. School administrators are trying to decide whether to hold a class in cooking, managing personal finances or auto repair. Which do you think the school should require students to take? Why?
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托福寫作六大高分句型精析
