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雅思劍12閱讀真題Test5Passage1原文及題目

　　READING PASSAGE 1

　　You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

　　Cork

　　Cork - the thick bark of the cork oak tree (Quercus suber) - is a remarkable material. It is tough, elastic, buoyant, and fire-resistant, and suitable for a wide range of purposes. It has also been used for millennia: the ancient Egyptians sealed their sarcophagi (stone coffins) with cork, while the ancient Greeks and Romans used it for anything from beehives to sandals.

　　And the cork oak itself is an extraordinary tree. Its bark grows up to 20 cm in thickness, insulating the tree like a coat wrapped around the trunk and branches and keeping the inside at a constant 20℃ all year round. Developed most probably as a defence against forest fires, the bark of the cork oak has a particular cellular structure - with about 40 million cells per cubic centimetre - that technology has never succeeded in replicating. The ceils are filled with air, which is why cork is so buoyant.

　　It also has an elasticity that means you can squash it and watch it spring back to its original size and shape when you release the pressure.

　　Cork oaks grow in a number of Mediterranean countries, including Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece and Morocco. They flourish in warm, sunny climates where there is a minimum of 400 millimetres of rain per year, and not more than 800 millimetres. Like grape vines, the trees thrive in poor soil, putting down deep roots in search of moisture and nutrients. Southern Portugal’s Alentejo region meets all of these requirements, which explains why, by the early 20th century, this region had become the world’s largest producer of cork, and why today it accounts for roughly half of all cork production around the world.

　　Most cork forests are family-owned. Many of these family businesses, and indeed many of the trees themselves, are around 200 years old. Cork production is, above all, an exercise in patience. From the planting of a cork sapling to the first harvest takes 25 years, and a gap of approximately a decade must separate harvests from an individual tree. And for top-quality cork, it’s necessary to wait a further 15 or 20 years. You even have to wait for the right kind of summer’s day to harvest cork. If the bark is stripped on a day when it’s too cold - or when the air is damp - the tree will be damaged.

　　Cork harvesting is a very specialised profession. No mechanical means of stripping cork bark has been invented, so the job is done by teams of highly skilled workers. First, they make vertical cuts down the bark using small sharp axes, then lever it away in pieces as large as they can manage. The most skilful cork- strippers prise away a semi-circular husk that runs the length of the trunk from just above ground level to the first branches. It is then dried on the ground for about four months, before being taken to factories, where it is boiled to kill any insects that might remain in the cork. Over 60% of cork then goes on to be made into traditional bottle stoppers, with most of the remainder being used in the construction trade. Corkboard and cork tiles are ideal for thermal and acoustic insulation, while granules of cork are used in the manufacture of concrete.

　　Recent years have seen the end of the virtual monopoly of cork as the material for bottle stoppers, due to concerns about the effect it may have on the contents of the bottle. This is caused by a chemical compound called 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA), which forms through the interaction of plant phenols, chlorine and mould. The tiniest concentrations - as little as three or four parts to a trillion - can spoil the taste of the product contained in the bottle. The result has been a gradual yet steady move first towards plastic stoppers and, more recently, to aluminium screw caps. These substitutes are cheaper to manufacture and, in the case of screw caps, more convenient for the user.

　　The classic cork stopper does have several advantages, however. Firstly, its traditional image is more in keeping with that of the type of high quality goods with which it has long been associated. Secondly - and very importantly - cork is a sustainable product that can be recycled without difficulty. Moreover, cork forests are a resource which support local biodiversity, and prevent desertification in the regions where they are planted. So, given the current concerns about environmental issues, the future of this ancient material once again looks promising.

　　following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

　　In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet, write

　　TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

　　FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

　　NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

　　1 The cork oak has the thickest bark of any living tree.

　　2 Scientists have developed a synthetic cork with the same cellular structure as natural cork.

　　3 Individual cork oak trees must be left for 25 years between the first and second harvest.

　　4 Cork bark should be stripped in dry atmospheric conditions.

　　5 The only way to remove the bark from cork oak trees is by hand.

　　Questions 6-13

　　Complete the notes below.

　　Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

　　Write your answers in boxes 6-13 on your answer sheet.

　　Comparison of aluminium screw caps and cork bottle stoppers

　　Advantages of aluminium screw caps

　　? do not affect the 6 ______ of the bottle contents

　　? are 7 ______ to produce

　　? are 8 ______ to use

　　Advantages of cork bottle stoppers

　　? suit the 9 ______ of quality products

　　? made from a 10 ______ material

　　? easily 11 ______

　　? cork forests aid 12 ______

　　? cork forests stop 13 ______ happening

　　雅思劍12閱讀Test5 Passage1答案解析

　　Test 5 Passage 1

　　Question 1

　　答案：NOT GIVEN

　　關(guān)鍵詞：cork oak; thickest bark

　　定位原文：第二段第二句“Its bark grows up to 20cm in thickness, insulating the tree….”

　　解題思路：原文只提到軟木橡樹(shù)的樹(shù)皮能長(zhǎng)到20厘米的厚度，并未提到它的樹(shù)皮是否是所有樹(shù)中最厚的。

　　Question 2

　　答案：FALSE

　　關(guān)鍵詞：a synthetic cork; same cellular structure

　　定位原文：第二段第三句“… the bark of the cork oak has a particular cellular structure… that technology has never succeeded in replicating”

　　解題思路：原文提到這種樹(shù)有著特別的細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)，而且如今的技術(shù)還未能成功復(fù)制這種結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　Question 13

　　答案：desertification

　　關(guān)鍵詞：cork forests

　　定位原文：最后一段倒數(shù)第二句：“Moreover, cork forests are a resource which support local biodiversity, and prevent desertification in the regions where they are planted.”

　　解題思路：題目中的stop對(duì)應(yīng)文中的prevent，文中提到軟木橡森林能夠預(yù)防種植區(qū)域出現(xiàn)沙漠化。

　　雅思閱讀備考資料怎么選

　　雅思閱讀備考中，考生可以參考一些專業(yè)的資料，指導(dǎo)我們更有效的進(jìn)行備考。面對(duì)市面上這么多資料，很多考生表示不知道怎么選擇。接下來(lái)小編為大家推薦一些雅思閱讀備考資料，希望能幫助各位考生有效備考雅思閱讀。

　　一、雅思閱讀資料的選擇

　　考生在選擇雅思備考資料時(shí)，可以根據(jù)三個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)選擇，即閱讀基礎(chǔ)類，技巧類以及練習(xí)類?？忌囊环矫娌蛔憔鸵m當(dāng)選擇哪一方面的備考資料。

　　除了這些與雅思閱讀考試非常相關(guān)的備考資料之外，考生還可以適當(dāng)接觸一些比較原汁原味的英語(yǔ)文章，比如BBC，國(guó)家地理雜志，新科學(xué)家雜志等等。當(dāng)然，考生也要根據(jù)自身的實(shí)際水平去選擇。如BBC，國(guó)家地理雜志的文章內(nèi)容豐富，形式和結(jié)構(gòu)比較活潑并充滿視覺(jué)沖擊力，更適合剛接觸G類雅思閱讀考試且英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)較薄弱的考生。

　　二、雅思閱讀技巧如何提高?

　　雅思閱讀技能培養(yǎng)主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是閱讀理解技能的培養(yǎng)。考生不僅要注重閱讀，更要注重理解，也就是說(shuō)在閱讀的基礎(chǔ)上加之對(duì)文章內(nèi)容的理解，這樣才能快而準(zhǔn)的解題。

　　想要達(dá)到此目的，考生就要制定雅思閱讀理解能力提升計(jì)劃，從背景知識(shí)，詞匯，語(yǔ)法，泛讀，精讀四方面著手準(zhǔn)備。背景知識(shí)對(duì)理解文明起到舉足輕重的作用，比如如果對(duì)英國(guó)政黨制度沒(méi)有一定了解的話，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人上的關(guān)于英國(guó)工黨選舉的那些事就很有可能看不懂，盡管知道每個(gè)單詞每個(gè)短語(yǔ)的意思。詞匯是閱讀理解的基石，語(yǔ)法對(duì)閱讀理解的準(zhǔn)確率有很大的影響，比如長(zhǎng)難句理解不透徹的話，理解起來(lái)就會(huì)吃力，泛讀和精讀是提升閱讀速度和質(zhì)量的保證?？傊?，不管是哪一個(gè)方面，考生都要認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，補(bǔ)充能量，這樣才會(huì)逐步提升閱讀理解能力，拿下高分。

　　雅思閱讀怎么備考效果更好

　　雅思閱讀考試題型比較多，而且文章信息量比較大，對(duì)于考生來(lái)說(shuō)時(shí)間比較緊迫。那么雅思閱讀怎么備考效果更好呢?接下來(lái)小編為大家分享一些雅思閱讀備考經(jīng)驗(yàn)，希望能幫助到各位考生在備考中更有效的學(xué)習(xí)。

　　雅思閱讀中題目的類型是影響雅思閱讀分?jǐn)?shù)一個(gè)明顯因素，尤其是匹配題更是其中的重中之重，主要考察信息查找定位和同義詞理解，強(qiáng)調(diào)在原文中查找細(xì)節(jié)信息的能力。而考生無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確提高匹配題的精準(zhǔn)度也是無(wú)法獲得高分的重要原因之一。

　　對(duì)于第一次備考雅思閱讀的考生來(lái)說(shuō)，往往都找不到正確的復(fù)習(xí)方法，埋頭刷了很多題，試了網(wǎng)上流傳的各種亂七八糟的方法，分?jǐn)?shù)卻始終沒(méi)有實(shí)質(zhì)性的進(jìn)展，因?yàn)槭褂昧隋e(cuò)誤的復(fù)習(xí)備考方法。

　　雅思閱讀基本要求是這樣的，一是單詞和語(yǔ)法雅思是個(gè)沒(méi)有大綱的考試，很多人會(huì)很擔(dān)心，是不是需要大量的詞匯。作為一個(gè)純粹的語(yǔ)言測(cè)試，雅思考試無(wú)非要保證你在國(guó)外可以干兩件事情，第一個(gè)就是正常的人際交往，你要跟同學(xué)老師交流、跟周圍的工作人員交流，這個(gè)時(shí)候沒(méi)有一定的詞匯量是不行的。

　　其次，雖然是閱讀一些科普性的或者是教科書(shū)式的材料，基本詞匯量還是要有的，尤其是學(xué)術(shù)詞匯，這個(gè)比例不是特別高。大家在網(wǎng)上可以找到一個(gè)列表叫做ACADEMICWORD LIST，這個(gè)列表收集了很多學(xué)術(shù)論文、教材當(dāng)中頻繁出現(xiàn)的單詞，如果你把這個(gè)列表里的詞會(huì)背的很熟，你在雅思閱讀當(dāng)中所看到的詞匯也不會(huì)特別陌生。

　　關(guān)于語(yǔ)法，這個(gè)存在比較大的誤區(qū)，很多同學(xué)從小到大被中國(guó)的英語(yǔ)考試折騰的煩不勝煩，大量的詞義辨析和對(duì)語(yǔ)法書(shū)中細(xì)枝末節(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，已經(jīng)讓大家到了談?wù)Z法色變的地步。但是在雅思閱讀當(dāng)中對(duì)語(yǔ)法的考察主要是識(shí)別，也就是考察你在面對(duì)一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)句的時(shí)候能否快速有效地抓出句子的主干成分，進(jìn)而繞過(guò)語(yǔ)法障礙理解句意的能力。

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