2019年9月28日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)
雅思閱讀考試前，很多考生對(duì)自己的整體水平?jīng)]有自信，不知道在考試前怎么進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)。今天小編為大家準(zhǔn)備的2019年9月28日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容，即將參加這場(chǎng)考試的同學(xué)們一定要好好地調(diào)整自己的心態(tài)，多給自己一些自信。
2019年9月28日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)1
文章題目Undergraduate students study dramas
重復(fù)年份20160331 20141018
題材人文社科
題型暫無(wú)
文章大意文學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)生的課程指南，提到了讓學(xué)生觀(guān)看英國(guó)不同時(shí)期劇院中的戲劇， 并列舉了不同時(shí)期四種劇院的特點(diǎn)。
參考閱讀：
Medieval period
Main article: Medieval theatre
By the medieval period, the mummers' plays had developed, a form of early street theatre associated with the Morris dance, concentrating on themes such as Saint George and the Dragon and Robin Hood. These were folk tales re-telling old stories, and the actors travelled from town to town performing these for their audiences in return for money and hospitality.
Renaissance: Elizabethan and Jacobean periods
The period known as the English Renaissance, approximately 1500—1660, saw a flowering of the drama and all the arts. The two candidates for the earliest comedy in English Nicholas Udall's Ralph Roister Doister (c. 1552) and the anonymous Gammer Gurton's Needle (c. 1566), belong to the 16th century. During the reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603) and then James I (1603–25), in the late 16th and early 17th century, a London-centred culture, that was both courtly and popular, produced great poetry and drama. The English playwrights were intrigued by Italian model: a conspicuous community of Italian actors had settled in London. The linguist and lexicographer John Florio (1553–1625), whose father was Italian, was a royal language tutor at the Court of James I, and a possible friend of and influence on William Shakespeare, had brought much of the Italian language and culture to England. He was also the translator of Montaigne into English. The earliest Elizabethan plays includes Gorboduc (1561) by Sackville and Norton and Thomas Kyd's (1558–94) revenge tragedy The Spanish Tragedy (1592), that influenced Shakespeare's Hamlet.
17th and 18th centuries
Aphra Behn was the first professional English woman playwright.
During the Interregnum 1649—1660, English theatres were kept closed by the Puritans for religious and ideological reasons. When the London theatres opened again with the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, they flourished under the personal interest and support of Charles II. Wide and socially mixed audiences were attracted by topical writing and by the introduction of the first professional
actresses (in Shakespeare's time, all female roles had been played by boys). New genres of the Restoration were heroic drama, pathetic drama, and Restoration comedy. Notable heroic tragedies of this period include John Dryden's All for Love (1677) and Aureng-zebe (1675), and Thomas Otway's Venice Preserved (1682). The Restoration plays that have best retained the interest of producers and audiences today are the comedies, such as George Etherege's The Man of Mode (1676), William Wycherley's The Country Wife (1676), John Vanbrugh's The Relapse (1696), and William Congreve's The Way of the World (1700). This period saw the first professional woman playwright, Aphra Behn, author of many comedies including The Rover (1677). Restoration comedy is famous or notorious for its sexual explicitness, a quality encouraged by Charles II (1660–1685) personally and by the rakish aristocratic ethos of his court.
Victorian era
A change came in the Victorian era with a profusion on the London stage of farces, musical burlesques, extravaganzas and comic operas that competed with Shakespeare productions and serious drama by the likes of James Planché and Thomas William Robertson. In 1855, the German Reed Entertainments began a process of elevating the level of (formerly risqué) musical theatre in Britain that culminated in the famous series of comic operas by Gilbert and Sullivan and were followed by the 1890s with the first Edwardian musical comedies. W. S. Gilbert and Oscar Wilde were leading poets and dramatists of the late Victorian period.[16] Wilde's plays, in particular, stand apart from the many now forgotten plays of Victorian times and have a much closer relationship to those of the Edwardian dramatists such as Irishman George Bernard Shaw and Norwegian Henrik Ibsen.
2019年9月28日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)2
文章題目Unique golden textile
重復(fù)年份20160421 20131121
題材工業(yè)
題型小標(biāo)題 6+人名配對(duì) 4+填空 3
文章大意蜘蛛絲與紡織品。文章講述了 golden spider 是如何在體內(nèi)把 Liquid silk
轉(zhuǎn)化為 solid silk 的過(guò)程，文章中提到了一些科學(xué)家針對(duì)蜘蛛做的實(shí)驗(yàn)，如 何提高 capacity。在結(jié)尾兩段講述了關(guān)于 spider silk 的醫(yī)學(xué)應(yīng)用及市場(chǎng)的 積極前景。
參考答案：
小標(biāo)題：
i experiment of an old idea
ii lifecycle of Madagascar spiders
iii advances in textile industry
iv resources to meet demands
v physical property of spider silk
vi scientific analysis spider silk
vii work of art
viii importance of silk textile
ix difficult to raise spider in capacity
14. Paragraph A viii
15. Paragraph B v
16. Paragraph C ix
17. Paragraph Di
18. Paragraph E iv
19. Paragraph F vii
人名配對(duì) 4：
A. Simon Peers B. Nicholas Godlley C. Blackledge
20. need tremendous spider to make a small amount of spider silk B
21 Scientists want qualities of spider silk for medical use A
22 Scientists make progress to manufacture spider silk C
23 spider silk materials are be of strength A
填空 3：
24. grow silk by introduce genetic material into bacteria and animals
25. Silk come from liquid protein made in a gland inside of bodies.
26. Spider silk spins cause force to make liquid turn to solid silk.
2019年9月28日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)3
文章題目 British Woodlands
重復(fù)年份 20160430 20120421
題材 自然環(huán)境
題型 段落細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì) 7+選詞填空 7
文章大意 講的是英國(guó)森林的演變利用和最后的管理，大致文章脈絡(luò)是在人類(lèi)的入侵之 前英國(guó)的植被覆蓋情況，工業(yè)革命之后，人們對(duì)森林的掠奪從以燃燒原料和 建筑材料為目的到了以工業(yè)發(fā)展為目的，后來(lái)人們意識(shí)到保護(hù)森林的重要， 開(kāi)始投入人力物力進(jìn)行保護(hù)。
部分答案參考：
段落細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì)：
27 a description of careless working practices that harm woodland F
28 details of landscape prior to human intervention B
29 arguments against cash rewards H
30 a botanical source of evidence for the appearance of primitive woodland B
31 reasons for reduced economic importance of woodland E
32 a reason for recent improvements of woodland management G
33 an implication for people of unhealthy tree A
選詞填空：
Evolution of British Woodland
When woodland started to grow after last Ice Age. certain 34. species naturally
dominated certain regions of Britain. People then intervened to reduce the woodland by using grazing animals and methods such as 35. burning and coppicing. An increasing number of trees have been grown to meet the demand of 36. Industry
Situations of woodland in Britain deteriorated due to the use of 37. I and the rigid
38. planting patterns of woodland. Such practices also destroyed the 39.habits G
of animals and other wildlife.
However, in the twentieth century, the state of woodland in Britain has been improved. 40.grants available for fund encourage people to plant trees in good quality.
雅思閱讀需小心的“絆腳繩”
雅思閱讀“絆腳繩”一：細(xì)節(jié)題考查精確定位。雅思閱讀中的細(xì)節(jié)題其實(shí)不難，但前提是定位的點(diǎn)要對(duì)。比如下面這個(gè)例題：
Two species of deer have been prevalent in the Puget Sound area of Washington State in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The black-tailed deer, a lowland, west-side cousin of the mule deer of eastern Washington, is now the most common. The other species, the Columbian white-tailed deer, in earlier times was common in the open prairie country, it is now restricted to the low, marshy islands and flood plains along the lower Columbia River.
According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the white-tailed deer of Puget Sound?
A. It is native to lowlands and marshes.
B. It is more closely related to the mule deer of eastern Washington than to other types of deer.
C. It has replaced the black-tailed deer in the open prairie.
D. It no longer lives in a particular type of habitat that it once occupied.
這是一個(gè)典型的細(xì)節(jié)題，在該題題干中，有的考生會(huì)選擇Puget Sound作為關(guān)鍵詞回原文定位，因?yàn)樗菍?zhuān)有名詞，在文中會(huì)比較顯眼;但是如果一旦選擇了這個(gè)地名，勢(shì)必會(huì)定位在該段的第一句話(huà)，細(xì)節(jié)題往往是定位在哪句就在哪句找答案，這樣的話(huà)考生是選不出正確答案的，因?yàn)槎ㄎ徊痪_。其實(shí)正確的關(guān)鍵詞應(yīng)該是white-tailed deer，這個(gè)用連字符連接的詞在文章中也是比較醒目的，按該詞定位應(yīng)是該段最后一句話(huà)。所以根據(jù)它的意思應(yīng)該選D項(xiàng)。其中A項(xiàng)與原句意思不符，B和C都與定位句信息無(wú)關(guān)。我們?cè)賮?lái)看另外一個(gè)否定事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的例子：
Plant communities assemble themselves flexibly, and their structure depends on the particular history of the area. Ecologists use the term "succession" to refer to the changes that happen in plant communities and ecosystems over time. The first community in a succession is called a pioneer community, while the long-lived community at the end of succession is called a climax community. Pioneer and successional plant communities are said to change over periods from 1 to 500 years. These changes-in plant numbers and the mix of species-are cumulative. Climax communities themselves change but over periods of time greater than about 500 years.
According to paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT true of climax communities?
A. They occur at the end of a succession.
B. They last longer than any other type of community.
C. The numbers of plants in them and the mix of species do not change
D. They remain stable for at least 500 years at a time.
這個(gè)題大家都會(huì)選擇用climax communities去定位，但在定位過(guò)程中會(huì)出現(xiàn)很多問(wèn)題。首先考生要學(xué)會(huì)跳躍式定位，即根據(jù)文章中特殊的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)以及最醒目的詞來(lái)搜索我們真正需要的關(guān)鍵詞。文中的particular是加了陰影的，succession是在引號(hào)里面的，都非常醒目，通過(guò)看這兩個(gè)詞我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們附近沒(méi)有我們需要的東西;再比較突出的就是數(shù)字及破折號(hào)，在500的前方有a climax community，但它是單數(shù)，與題干關(guān)鍵詞不完全匹配，細(xì)節(jié)題講究的是精確定位，所以我們應(yīng)該選擇500后方的Climax communities，即該段的最后一句話(huà)。否定事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的出題思路有兩種：一是無(wú)中生有，即根據(jù)定位點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)只有一個(gè)沒(méi)有提到，這種思路多適用于選項(xiàng)比較簡(jiǎn)短的題目;二是張冠李戴，即根據(jù)定位點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容表述，只有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)與之矛盾，這種思路多適應(yīng)于選項(xiàng)比較長(zhǎng)的題目。就這個(gè)例題而言，根據(jù)定位的最后一句話(huà)，從表述上來(lái)說(shuō)跟它相關(guān)的只有C和D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)的意思與原句相符，而C項(xiàng)與原句矛盾，所以正確答案是C。
綜上所述，做閱讀的細(xì)節(jié)題，最重要的一點(diǎn)就是要盡量地去精確定位。
雅思閱讀“絆腳繩”二： 無(wú)方向中隱藏方向。閱讀考試中絕大部分題目都是對(duì)應(yīng)具體段落的，這會(huì)為考生節(jié)省很多時(shí)間。但是也不排除有少量題目的范圍比較大或比較模糊，考生在尋找答案時(shí)難免一頭霧水，費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力。其實(shí)這些看似沒(méi)有明確定位方向的題目都是暗藏玄機(jī)的。下面我們就來(lái)看一個(gè)例子：
Wind power has a significant cost advantage over nuclear power and has become competitive with coal-fired power plants in many places. With new technological advances and mass production, projected cost declines should make wind power one of the world's cheapest ways to produce electricity. In the long run, electricity from large wind farms in remote areas might be used to make hydrogen gas from water during periods when there is less than peak demand for electricity. The hydrogen gas could then be fed into a storage system and used to generate electricity when additional or backup power is needed.
Wind power is most economical in areas with steady winds. In areas where the wind dies down, backup electricity from a utility company or from an energy storage system becomes necessary. Backup power could also be provided by linking wind farms with a solar cell, with conventional or pumped-storage hydropower, or with efficient natural-gas-burning turbines. Some drawbacks to wind farms include visual pollution and noise, although these can be overcome by improving their design and locating them in isolated areas.
Based on the information in paragraph 3 and paragraph 4, what can be inferred about the states of North Dakota, South Dakota, and Texas mentioned at the end of paragraph 1?
A.They rely largely on coal-fired power plants.
B.They contain remote areas where the winds rarely die down.
C.Over 1 percent of the electricity in these states is produced by wind farms.
D.Wind farms in these states are being expanded to meet the power needs of the United States.
這個(gè)題目的題干涉及到三個(gè)段落，而事實(shí)上考生根本不需要去看第一段的內(nèi)容，因?yàn)榇鸢敢罁?jù)的是第三、四段的信息，但是這兩個(gè)段落如果都看的話(huà)內(nèi)容也不少，從應(yīng)試的角度來(lái)說(shuō)太費(fèi)時(shí)間。正確的做法應(yīng)該是從選項(xiàng)中挖掘一下方向。A項(xiàng)里大家一般都會(huì)選擇有連字符的coal-fired作為關(guān)鍵詞去定位，B項(xiàng)沒(méi)有比較顯眼的詞就只能選名詞短語(yǔ)remote areas，C項(xiàng)選1 percent， D項(xiàng)選the United States。選完關(guān)鍵詞我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)除了B項(xiàng)不大好定位以外，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞都很醒目。經(jīng)過(guò)定位，A項(xiàng)應(yīng)該去比對(duì)第3段的第一句話(huà)，意思明顯矛盾;B項(xiàng)不好找，可以暫且跳過(guò);C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞在這兩段都找不到，這就屬于閱讀中推理題的錯(cuò)誤答案設(shè)計(jì)方法之一——無(wú)中生有。所以雖然我們沒(méi)有去驗(yàn)證B項(xiàng)的說(shuō)法是否正確，但經(jīng)過(guò)排除也只能選B了。這樣的做題方法就會(huì)省時(shí)省力，且答案也是正確的。在考試中，這種情況往往會(huì)影響考生的心情，進(jìn)而影響水平的發(fā)揮，但是只要我們了解了ETS出題的套路就能把它們輕松搞定。
2019年9月28日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)相關(guān)文章：
2019年9月28日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)
