gre寫(xiě)作滿(mǎn)分是多少分呢
為了幫助大家備考gre。了解更多關(guān)于gre的知識(shí)，打有準(zhǔn)備的仗，下面小編給大家?guī)?lái)gre寫(xiě)作滿(mǎn)分是多少分呢，希望大家喜歡。
gre寫(xiě)作滿(mǎn)分是多少分呢
gre作文滿(mǎn)分為6分，以0.5分為最小計(jì)分單位，作文成績(jī)單獨(dú)計(jì)算，不計(jì)入語(yǔ)文數(shù)學(xué)部分的總分，對(duì)于大部分學(xué)校來(lái)說(shuō)，4.5分左右的作文成績(jī)就已經(jīng)是比較好的分?jǐn)?shù)，部分文科類(lèi)專(zhuān)業(yè)也可能要求更高的分?jǐn)?shù)。
以下是gre寫(xiě)作的評(píng)分點(diǎn)介紹：
(1)
complexity:事物的兩面性(同一事物有優(yōu)點(diǎn)就有缺點(diǎn)，相比較的事物有各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn))，從多角度分析事物(分析不同領(lǐng)域中，不同情況下)。論點(diǎn)一邊倒的文章論述得再好也只能得5分。
(2) insightful position：在有全面深刻理解的基礎(chǔ)上，觀點(diǎn)最好新穎獨(dú)到(對(duì)ets來(lái)說(shuō))，但必須保證能自圓其說(shuō)。
(3) conveys meaning
skillfully:可用于論證的一切技巧(估計(jì)老美自己用起來(lái)也得費(fèi)點(diǎn)心思)。比如文章的行文方向，起承轉(zhuǎn)合不用明顯的標(biāo)志詞(first, second,
however, on the other hand, the second example illustrating my
point)，而是依靠論述的內(nèi)在脈絡(luò)(只可意會(huì)不可言傳)自然而然的引到下一塊內(nèi)容。
(4) compelling reasons(reason就已經(jīng)夠令人頭疼的了，有加了個(gè)compelling)：這是最重要的一個(gè)得分點(diǎn)。
(5) persuasive
examples：用來(lái)支持reason的，使抽象的reason更具體，更易被讀者理解，從而產(chǎn)生共鳴，或使其更可信，更有說(shuō)服力?？捎玫睦佑凶约旱慕?jīng)歷，引言。
GRE考試作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GRE考試作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
(6) well-focused:簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)就是不跑題。中心論點(diǎn)明確，全文不跑題;各段主題句明確，圍繞主題句論述。
(7) well-organized：文章采用的論述結(jié)構(gòu)，分幾個(gè)部分論述，每部分有幾段，各部分、各段間的關(guān)系是什么。
(8) connecting ideas logically：using transitional
phrases起承轉(zhuǎn)合詞，過(guò)渡句，或有此種作用的句子，總之起到help organize the ideas and move the argument
forward。
以上就是關(guān)于gre寫(xiě)作滿(mǎn)分多少以及評(píng)分點(diǎn)的解讀，希望大家可以好好備考!
1、結(jié)論無(wú)據(jù)(gratuitous assumption)
The author falsely depends on gratuitousassumption that.... However, no
evidence is stated in the argument to supportthis assumption. In fact, this is
not necessarily the case. For example, it ismore likely that.... Therefore, this
argument is unwarranted without ruling outsuch possibility.
2、無(wú)因果聯(lián)系
The author commits a fallacy of causaloversimplification. The line of the
reasoning is that because A occurred beforeB, the former event is responsible
for the latter. (The author uses thepositive correlation between A and B to
establish causality. However, the factthat A coincides with B does not
necessarily prove that A caused B.) But thisis fallacious reasoning unless other
possible causal explanations have beenconsidered and ruled out. For example,
perhaps C is the cause of these eventsor perhaps B is caused by D.
3、樣本不足(Insufficient-sample)
The evidence the author provides isinsufficient to support the conclusion
drawn from it. One example is logicallyunsounded to establish a general
conclusion (The statistics from only a fewrecent years are not necessarily a
good indicator of future trends), unless itcan be shown that A1 is
representative of all A.
4、二者擇一(Either-Orchoice)
The author assumes that AA and BB aremutually exclusive alternatives and
there is no room for a middle ground.However, the author provides no reason for
imposing an either-or choice. Commonsense tells us that adjusting both AA and BB
might produce better results.
5、錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)比(based on a false analogy ) <橫向>
The argument rests on the assumptionthat A is analogous to B in all
respects. This assumption is weak, sincealthough there are points of comparison
between A and B, there is muchdissimilarity as well. For example, A..., however,
B.... Thus, it is likelymuch more difficult for B to do....
6、時(shí)地全等(all thingsare equal) <縱向>
The author commits the fallacy of “all things are equal”. The fact
thathappened two years ago is not a sound evidence to draw a conclusion
that....The author assumes without justification that the background conditions
haveremained the same at different times or at different locations. However, it
isnot clear in this argument whether the current conditions at AA are the same
asthey used to be two years ago. Thus it is impossible to conclude that....
7、可疑調(diào)查(survey isdoubtful)
The poll cited by the author is toovague to be informative. The claim does
not indicate who conducted the poll,who responded, or when, where and how the
poll was conducted. (Lacking informationabout the number of people surveyed and
the number of respondents, it isimpossible to access the validity of the
results. For example, if 200 personswere surveyed but only 2 responded, the
conclusion that...would be highlysuspect. Because the argument offers no
evidence that would rule out this kindof interpretations,) Until these questions
are answered, the results of thesurvey are worthless as evidence for the
conclusion.
GRE寫(xiě)作詞匯和短語(yǔ)素材的積累
1. counterproductive adj.產(chǎn)生相反效果(結(jié)果)的
e.g. It is counterproductive to be too tough: it just makes the staff resentful.
e.g. Although the speaker overlooks certain circumstances in which undueskepticism might be counterproductive, and even harmful, on balance I agree thatwe should not passively accept whatever is passed off as fact; otherwise, human knowledge would never advance.
2. seminal adj.萌芽的，潛在的;開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的;有重大影響的
e.g. in the seminal state (在萌芽狀態(tài))|| seminal thoughts || seminal principle(基本原則)
e.g. a seminal book/poet || This experiment was to have a seminal influence on his own political development.
3. forgo v.放棄 (The choice to forgo his security is always available, although it might carry unpleasant consequence)
4. intuition n.直覺(jué) (I will trust my strong intuition that free will is an essential part of our being as humans.)
5. satisfy v.證明是正當(dāng)?shù)模C的;為…尋找正當(dāng)理由
e.g. Such action can be justified on the grounds of greater efficiency.
e.g. In the final analysis, government cannot philosophically justify assisting large cities for the purpose of either promoting or preserving the nation's cultural traditions; nor is government assistance necessary toward these ends.
6. resort to … 訴諸…
e.g. no necessity to resort to violent actions such as demonstration, riot or rebel.
conduce
7. hinge on … 以…為轉(zhuǎn)移，靠…轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)
e.g. The claim that society’s destiny hinges on how children are socialized, while appealing in some respects, is an over-statement at best.
8. at best 最多，充其量;以最樂(lè)觀的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看
9. collaborate to …
e.g. For example, scientists, researchers, and even computer programmers must collaborate to establish common goals, coordinate efforts, and meet time lines.
10. lend some credence to … 提供支持
e.g. While our everyday experience might lend credence to this assertion.
e.g. Recent advances in molecular biology and genetics lend some credence to this position, by suggesting that these determining physical forces include our own individual genetic makeup.
GRE寫(xiě)作模板如何闡述觀點(diǎn)
第一段：開(kāi)頭段。主要是歸納論點(diǎn)，說(shuō)明論點(diǎn)有問(wèn)題，存在邏輯漏洞，準(zhǔn)備發(fā)起進(jìn)攻。
第一層：
This argument concludes/recommends/argues that…
第二層：
To support this conclusion the writer cites…/points out that…
第三層：
However, this argument suffers from several critical flaws and is therefore unconvincing/ unpersuasive as it stands.
第二段和第三段甚至第四段：分類(lèi)別去攻擊各個(gè)邏輯錯(cuò)誤。(以因果關(guān)系類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤為例)
One problem with the argument is that, the editorial observes a correlation between… and …, then concludes that the former is the cause of the latter. However, the editorial fails to rule out other possible explanations for…For example,… Any of these factors, or other social, political or economic factors, might lead to…Without ruling out all other such factors it is unfair to conclude that…
第五段：結(jié)尾段
作者的結(jié)論似乎是合理的，但是通過(guò)論證，不是這樣的。因此作者在做出決定之前，應(yīng)該還要考慮其他情況。我們通過(guò)一篇文章作為實(shí)例來(lái)介紹Argument的論證步驟和論證方法以及文章結(jié)構(gòu)。
In the final analysis, the letter's author fails to adequately support the recommendation that…To bolster the argument, the arguer must provide detailed demographic/statistical evidence showing that…The author must also provide evidence--perhaps by way of a reliable survey—that…
GRE寫(xiě)作滿(mǎn)分的示例
GRE高頻作文示例：
"The concept of ’individual responsibility’ is a necessary fiction. Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own actions， people’s behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making."
個(gè)人責(zé)任的概念是一種有必要的虛構(gòu)。盡管必須讓個(gè)人對(duì)其行為負(fù)責(zé)，但是人們的行為很大程度上是由外力而不是自己決定的。
一、題目分析
論述個(gè)人責(zé)任的，采取了反對(duì)的觀點(diǎn)。這個(gè)題目重點(diǎn)放在了對(duì)于行為的責(zé)任上面。題目分為兩句，后句對(duì)于前句基本上是起到支持的作用。
第一句：關(guān)鍵詞：responsibility，necessary，fiction.Responsibility的問(wèn)題在162中已經(jīng)交代，這里不說(shuō)了。而necessary fiction是什么意思呢?還是先看看M-W。
Necessary：adj.
1 a : of an inevitable nature : INESCAPABLE b (1) : logically unavoidable (2) : that cannot be denied without contradiction c : determined or produced by the previous condition of things d : COMPULSORY.
2 : absolutely needed : REQUIRED
可以看出，主要是兩個(gè)意思，一個(gè)是不可避免的必然的，一個(gè)是絕對(duì)需要的。這兩個(gè)意思都可以，關(guān)鍵在于你的論點(diǎn)和你的定義。
Fiction：n.
1 a : something invented by the imagination or feigned; specifically : an invented story b : fictitious literature (as novels or short stories) c : a work of fiction; especially : NOVEL.
2 a : an assumption of a possibility as a fact irrespective of the question of its truth _ legal fiction_b : a useful illusion or pretense.
3 : the action of feigning or of creating with the imagination.
可以看出1a由想象創(chuàng)造的或假的2a不顧真相的對(duì)于可能性的假設(shè)，都是可以的。
那么必要的虛構(gòu)為什么有必要，又為什么是虛構(gòu)呢?后面做成了解釋。
第二句：關(guān)鍵詞：actions，behavior，determine，forces從前半句的must看出了對(duì)于necessary的解釋?zhuān)撌隽俗寕€(gè)人對(duì)自己行為負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)于社會(huì)是一種必要，那么是否是一種必要呢?題目這里用了Although，顯然對(duì)于這種想法是不支持的，但是一個(gè)絕對(duì)的must還是肯定了這種現(xiàn)象的存在。我們?nèi)绻撌鰊ecessary的時(shí)候要注意到這幾點(diǎn)。而且要注意對(duì)于actions或者是后半句的behavior的定義，個(gè)人的行為是什么樣的行為?把這個(gè)問(wèn)題具體化。
后半句論述了fiction的問(wèn)題，因?yàn)槿藗兊男袨椴⒉皇亲约簺Q定的，而是由外力決定的，那么，顯然個(gè)人對(duì)于行為的責(zé)任就沒(méi)有責(zé)任了，而個(gè)人責(zé)任的概念就是一種fiction了。這里還是有三個(gè)問(wèn)題：①怎么算是determine，如果定義為心理精神的角度是不是就可以被個(gè)人自己控制，如果說(shuō)是一種方向范圍的限制的話，是否就很可能是外界的環(huán)境壓力等來(lái)控制的呢?②forces是什么?是外界的社會(huì)?是政府的控制?是法規(guī)的限定?還是別的因素呢?③還有就是largely的問(wèn)題，同樣給我們留出了余地，很大程度就是不是全部，那么個(gè)人在一些情況下還是可以負(fù)責(zé)的，那么是否個(gè)人責(zé)任就不是fiction了呢?論述的時(shí)候同樣要注意到這幾點(diǎn)。
二、寫(xiě)法
相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)，這篇比較好寫(xiě)一點(diǎn)。明確兩個(gè)問(wèn)題就可以，一個(gè)是，個(gè)人責(zé)任(對(duì)于自己行為的責(zé)任)存在不存在(是不是fiction)?另一個(gè)是，對(duì)于個(gè)人責(zé)任的要求是否必要(necessary)?
如果選擇贊同的觀點(diǎn)，可以否定necessary，說(shuō)明個(gè)人責(zé)任不是必要的，而支持fiction，個(gè)人責(zé)任不存在(個(gè)人不能決定自己的行為，不能對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé))。后面可以接讓步，對(duì)于largely論述，個(gè)人某些時(shí)候是可以決定自己行為的，但是主要是由社會(huì)等外力決定的。
如果選擇反對(duì)的觀點(diǎn)，可以贊同necessary，說(shuō)明個(gè)人責(zé)任對(duì)于社會(huì)是必要的，而反對(duì)fiction，個(gè)人責(zé)任是存在的(個(gè)人能夠決定自己的行為，能夠?qū)ψ约旱男袨樨?fù)責(zé))。后面可以接讓步，社會(huì)對(duì)于個(gè)人行為也是有影響的，但是個(gè)人可以自己來(lái)決定自己的行為。
三、 定義
responsibility，necessary，fiction，behavior，determine 前三者可以選擇M-W中釋義的一種。后兩個(gè)，behavior和determine需要給出自己的觀點(diǎn)。到底是什么樣的行為呢?是自發(fā)的，還是被動(dòng)的呢?而怎么算是determine呢?定義為小范圍還是大范圍呢?內(nèi)在的還是外在的呢?這些都是需要同學(xué)們自己解決的問(wèn)題。
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gre寫(xiě)作滿(mǎn)分是多少分呢
