初二英語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)歸納總結(jié)
初二英語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)歸納總結(jié)
期中考試即將來(lái)臨，學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)生應(yīng)在考試之前做好準(zhǔn)備，整理好重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)，及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)，調(diào)整好心態(tài)，多做一些題目。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編分享給大家的初二英語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)，希望大家喜歡!
初二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)知識(shí)
一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用
do/does 的一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)形式：(shall/will) do
do/does 的一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(shall/will) be done
一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問(wèn)句形式：
肯定句例句：People will have robots in a few years.
否定句例句：People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.
一般疑問(wèn)句例句：Will people have robots in a few years?
特殊疑問(wèn)句例句：What will people have in a few years?
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
一、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)
should/would+動(dòng)詞原形
do/does 的過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)形式：(should/would) do
do/does的過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(should/would) be done
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問(wèn)句形式：
肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.
否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.
一般疑問(wèn)句例句：Should I write a letter to him?
特殊疑問(wèn)句例句：What should I do?
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
do/does 的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式：(was/were) doing
do/does 的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(was/were) being done
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句形式：
肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.
否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.
一般疑問(wèn)句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?
特殊疑問(wèn)句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?
動(dòng)詞 when 和 while 的選擇：when 后加瞬間動(dòng)詞，while 后加延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
例句：The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.
=While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
賓語(yǔ)從句
結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)從句(主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ))
1、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞
(1)that：沒(méi)有含義，在賓語(yǔ)從句中不做成分
(2)whether/if：表示是否，賓語(yǔ)從句中不做成分。
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道這么多年后，他是否還住在這里。
(3)連接代詞：what, which, who, whom, whose(在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主、賓、表和定語(yǔ))
連接副詞：where, when, how, why(在賓語(yǔ)從句中做狀語(yǔ))
2、在做賓語(yǔ)從句的題目時(shí)應(yīng)注意時(shí)態(tài)
(1)當(dāng)主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可以根據(jù)需要使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來(lái)了。
(2)當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句必須是一種過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)。
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她問(wèn)我是否知道這是誰(shuí)的鋼筆。
(3)當(dāng)表示客觀(guān)事實(shí)或普遍真理的句子做賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，任何時(shí)候都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老師說(shuō)過(guò)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句
結(jié)構(gòu)：主句 + if + 條件狀語(yǔ)從句
if + 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 + [(comma)] + 主句
注意：
在 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。
例句：You'll have a great time if you go to the party.
=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式：have/has been doing
do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：have/has been being done
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)所應(yīng)用的場(chǎng)合：
?、倌呈聫倪^(guò)去發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在都在做
?、谶^(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響
I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.自從那次他與我談過(guò)心后，我天天都在進(jìn)步。
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句形式：
肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.
否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.
一般疑問(wèn)句例句：Have you been skating for five hours?
特殊疑問(wèn)句例句：How long have you been skating?
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)
主語(yǔ) + have/has + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他.(當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)用has,其余人稱(chēng)用have.)
否定式:主語(yǔ) + haven't/hasn't + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他.
疑問(wèn)式: Have /Has + 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他?
簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ): Yes, 主語(yǔ) + have/has.(肯定)
No, 主語(yǔ) + haven't/hasn't.(否定)
二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法、定義詳細(xì)講解
1、表示過(guò)去所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，著眼點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)在，主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。
He has lost his wallet.他的錢(qián)包丟了。
We’ve had too much rain this year.今年雨水太多。
2、表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。
He has worked here for over twenty years.他在這里工作已有20多年了。
3、表示說(shuō)話(huà)前發(fā)生過(guò)一次或多次的動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一般譯為漢語(yǔ)“過(guò)”，常帶有twice, ever, never, three times等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去過(guò)北京兩次。
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
反意疑問(wèn)句
反意疑問(wèn)句由肯定陳述句加否定問(wèn)句構(gòu)成，或者由否定陳述句加肯定問(wèn)句構(gòu)成。
He's a student, isn't he?
She's not his mother, is she?
回答反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，要根據(jù)事實(shí)來(lái)回答。若事實(shí)是肯定的，則必須用 yes 回答。若事實(shí)是否定的，則必須用 no 回答。
---You're not ready, are you?你還沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好，對(duì)吧?
---No, I'm not.是的，我沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好
---Yes, I am.不，我準(zhǔn)備好了。
初二英語(yǔ)各單元要點(diǎn)知識(shí)
Unit 1 What's the matter?
1. What's the matter with you?
= What'the trouble with you?
= What's wrong with you?
你怎么了?
2. What should she do?
她該怎么辦呢?
3.Should I take my temperature?
我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎?
4.You should lie down and rest.
你應(yīng)該躺下休息一會(huì)兒。
5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book?
你認(rèn)為它是來(lái)自報(bào)紙還是書(shū)呢?
6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.
我想我以同樣的姿勢(shì)一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地坐得太久了。
7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital.
她說(shuō)這個(gè)人有心臟病應(yīng)該去醫(yī)院。
Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.
1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.
這個(gè)男孩可以在食品救濟(jì)站分發(fā)食物。
2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.
清潔日離現(xiàn)在僅僅兩周的時(shí)間。
3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.
每周六上午，他都在一'家動(dòng)物醫(yī)院當(dāng)志愿者。
4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
去年，她決定去參加一個(gè)課外閱讀項(xiàng)目的志愿者的選拔。
5.You can see in their eyes that they're going on a different journey with each new book.
從他們的眼睛里你可以看到他們正在進(jìn)行每本不同的新書(shū)之旅。
6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.
我想把我在動(dòng)物醫(yī)院工作的計(jì)劃推遲到明年夏天。
7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.
現(xiàn)在的大部分人只是為找一份能掙許多錢(qián)的好工作而著急。
8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Luck.
在你的幫助下，我才有可能擁有“幸運(yùn)兒”。
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
1.Could you please clean your room?
你能整理一下你的房間嗎?
2. I have to do some work.
我必須干些活。
3. Could I use your computer?
我可以用一下你的電腦嗎?
4. She won't be happy if she sees this mess.
如果她看到這樣亂七八糟的話(huà)，她會(huì)不高興的。
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.
整整一周，她什么家務(wù)活都不干了，我也一樣。
6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV .
我一在電視機(jī)前坐下，我媽媽就過(guò)來(lái)了。
7. I hate to do chores.
我不喜歡做雜務(wù)。
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
1. I studied until mid night last night so I did n't get enough sleep.
我昨晚學(xué)習(xí)到半夜所以睡眠不足。
2. Why don't you forget about it?
你為什么不忘掉它呢?
3. Although she's wrong , it,s not a big deal.
雖然她錯(cuò)了,但這并不是什么大事兒。
4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he's sorry.
他應(yīng)該跟朋友談?wù)勔员闼苷f(shuō)聲對(duì)不起。
5. Maybe you could go to his house.
也許你可以去他家。
6. I guess I could, but I don't want to surprise him.
我想我可以.但我不想讓他感到驚訝。
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
1. — What were you doing at eight last night?
昨晚8點(diǎn)你在干什么?
— I was taking a shower.
我在洗淋浴。
2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.
當(dāng)開(kāi)始下雨的時(shí)候，本正在幫他媽媽做晚飯。
3. — What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?
琳達(dá)在睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候，珍妮正在干什么?
— While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
琳達(dá)在睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候，珍妮正在幫瑪麗做作業(yè)。
初二英語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)句型知識(shí)
句型1：There+be +主語(yǔ)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
There's a boat in the river.河里有條船。
There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。
句型2：What's wrong with+sb./sth.?
What's wrong with you?你怎么啦?
What's wrong with your watch?你的手表有什么毛病?
句型3：How do you like...?
How do you like China?你覺(jué)得中國(guó)怎么樣?
句型4：What do you like about...?
What do you like about China?你喜歡中國(guó)的什么?
句型5：had better(not)+動(dòng)詞原形
You'd better ask that policeman over there.你最好去問(wèn)問(wèn)那邊的那個(gè)警察。
句型6：Thank+sb.+for(doing)sth.
Thank you for coming to see me.感謝你來(lái)看我。
句型7：So+be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)
He is a student.So am I.他是一個(gè)學(xué)生，我也是。
句型8：...not...until...
He didn't have supper until his parents came back.直到他的父母回來(lái)他才吃飯。
句型9：比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)
The baby cried harder and harder.那孩子哭得越來(lái)越厲害。
句型10：the +比較級(jí)，the +比較級(jí)
The more one has，the more one wants.越有越貪。
句型11：...as+adj./adv.+as...
..not as(so)+adj./adv.+as...
Do you think that art is as important as music?你認(rèn)為藝術(shù)和音樂(lè)一樣重要嗎?
Last Sunday the weather was not so wet as it is today.上個(gè)星期天的天氣不如今天的天氣潮濕。
句型12：more/less+adj.+than...
I think English is more useful than Japanese.我認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)比日語(yǔ)有用。
I think art is less important than music.我認(rèn)為藝術(shù)不如音樂(lè)重要。
句型13：stop...from doing sth.
The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from blowing the earth away.綠色長(zhǎng)城將阻擋風(fēng)吹走土壤。
句型14：both...and...
Both you and I are students.我和你都是學(xué)生。
句型15：either...or...
Either you or he is wrong .不是你錯(cuò)就是他錯(cuò)。
句型16：neither...nor...
Neither he nor I am a student.我和他都不是學(xué)生。
句型17：...as soon as...
As soon as I see him，I'll give him the message.我一見(jiàn)到他，我就把你的消息告訴他。
句型18：...so+adj./adv.+that...
I was so tired that I didn't want to speak.我累得連話(huà)也不想說(shuō)了。
句型19：Though...+主句
Though I like writing to my pen-friend，it takes a lot of time.雖然我喜歡給筆友寫(xiě)信，但它要耗費(fèi)我大量時(shí)間。
句型 20：be going to
This afternoon I'm going to buy an English book.今天下午我要去買(mǎi)本英語(yǔ)書(shū)。
句型 21：be different from
I think this is different from Chinese names.我認(rèn)為這與漢語(yǔ)名字不同。
句型 22：have fun doing
We're going to have fun learning and speaking English this term.這學(xué)期我們將興味盎然地學(xué)習(xí)和講英語(yǔ)。
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