拙政園中英文導(dǎo)游詞(2)
拙政園中英文導(dǎo)游詞篇三
拙政園始建于明代，王獻(xiàn)臣是該園第一位主人。他在嘉靖、正德年間官居監(jiān)察御史，晚年仕途不得意，罷官而歸，買地造園，借《閑居賦》“拙者之為政”句意，取名為拙政園。園內(nèi)主要景點(diǎn)有：蘭雪堂、芙蓉榭、秫香館、放眼亭、遠(yuǎn)香堂、小滄浪、留亭閣、浮翠閣等。
全園分東、中、西、住宅四部份。住宅是典型的蘇州民居，現(xiàn)布置為園林博物館展廳。東部明快開朗，以平岡遠(yuǎn)山、松林草坪、竹塢曲水為主。主要景點(diǎn)有：蘭雪堂、綴云峰、芙蓉榭、天泉亭、秫香館等。中部為拙政園精華所在，池水面積占1/3，以水為主，池廣樹茂，景色自然，臨水布置了形體不一、高低錯落的建筑，主次分明。主要景點(diǎn)有：遠(yuǎn)香堂、香洲、荷風(fēng)四面亭、見山樓、小飛虹、枇杷園等。西部主體建筑為靠近住宅一側(cè)的卅六鴛鴦館，水池呈曲尺形，其特點(diǎn)為臺館分峙、回廊起伏，水波倒影，別有情趣，裝飾華麗精美。主要景點(diǎn)有：卅六鴛鴦館、倒影樓、與誰同坐軒、水廊等。
東園介紹
蘭雪堂：是東部的主要廳堂，堂名取意于李白“獨(dú)立天地間，清風(fēng)灑蘭雪”的詩句。始建于明崇禎八年(1635)，據(jù)園主王心一《歸園田居》記載，蘭雪堂為五楹草堂，“東西桂樹為屏，其后則有山如幅，縱橫皆種梅花。梅之外有竹，竹臨僧舍，旦暮梵聲，時從竹中來”，環(huán)境幽僻。堂前兩棵白皮松蒼勁古拙，墻邊修竹蒼翠欲滴，湖石玲瓏，綠草夾徑，東西院墻相連。堂坐北朝南三開間，“蘭雪堂”匾額高掛 ，長窗落地，堂正中有屏門相隔，屏門南面為一幅漆雕《拙政園全景圖》，屏門北面為《翠竹圖》，全部采用蘇州傳統(tǒng)的漆雕工藝，屏門兩邊的隔扇裙板上刻有人物山水。
綴云峰：蘭雪堂北，山峰高聳在綠樹竹蔭中，山西北雙峰并立，取名“聯(lián)璧”。綴云峰、聯(lián)壁峰為歸園田居的園中景點(diǎn)。王心一《歸園田居記》，蘭雪堂前有池，“池南有峰特起，云綴樹杪，名之曰綴云峰。池左兩峰并峙，如掌如帆，謂之聯(lián)壁峰。”兩峰為明末疊石名家陳似云作品，所用湖石，玲瓏細(xì)潤，以元末趙松雪山水畫為范本。綴云峰的形態(tài)自下而上逐漸狀大，其巔尤偉，如云狀，巋然獨(dú)立，旁無支撐。1943年夏夜，綴云峰突然傾圮。后來，在園林專家汪星伯的指導(dǎo)下，重新堆成了這座高達(dá)兩丈、玲瓏夭矯的奇峰，如今此峰苔蘚斑駁，藤蔓紛披，不乏古意。
芙蓉榭：榭是我國古代一種很美的建筑形式，憑借周圍風(fēng)景而構(gòu)成，形式靈活多變。芙蓉榭屋頂為卷棚歇山頂，四角飛翹，一半建在岸上，一半伸向水面，靈空架于水波上，佇立水邊、秀美倩巧。此榭面臨廣池，池水清清，是夏日賞荷的好地方。漫步芙蓉榭，憑欄四顧，可見滿池青翠，粉黛出水，風(fēng)流麗質(zhì)似亭亭玉立的仙子在碧波中美目流盼，微風(fēng)驟起，掀起一片綠浪，送來陣陣荷香，……盡情領(lǐng)略荷花的嬌美、幽雅和高潔的風(fēng)骨。
天泉亭：是一座重檐八角亭，出檐高挑，外部形成回廊，莊重質(zhì)樸，圍柱間有坐檻，可以坐歇欣賞。四周草坪環(huán)繞，花木扶疏。亭北平崗小坡，林木蔥郁。亭子之所以取“天泉”這個名字，是因?yàn)樗南旅嬗幸豢诰?，此井終年不涸，水質(zhì)甘甜，因而被稱為“天泉”。據(jù)《乾隆長洲縣志》記載，元朝大德年間，這一帶有一座寺廟叫大宏寺。又過了百來年，馀澤和尚居住在這里，并建了一所“東齋”。齋前有井，稱“天泉”。蘇州是個水鄉(xiāng)澤國，河多、橋多、井也多，但被載入史冊的則不多見。王心一建“歸園田居”時，保留了這井，也使園中平添幾許田園風(fēng)光。
秫香館：秫香，指稻谷飄香，以前墻外皆為農(nóng)田，豐收季節(jié)，秋風(fēng)送來一陣陣稻谷的清香，令人心醉，館亦因此得名。秫香館為東部的主體建筑，面水隔山，為單檐歇山結(jié)構(gòu)，室內(nèi)寬敞明亮，長窗裙板上的黃楊木雕，共有 48幅，緣據(jù)行家考證，一部為《西廂記》,另一部為《金玉如意》。其中《西廂記》一出中，有“張生跳墻會鴛鴦”、“拷紅”、“長亭送別”等場景，雕鏤精細(xì)，層次豐富，栩栩如生。夕陽西下，一抹余輝灑落在秫香館的落地長窗上。加上精致的裙板木雕，把秫香館裝點(diǎn)得古樸雅致，別有情趣。
涵青亭：園林建筑，以亭的變化為多。亭是一種只有屋頂而沒有墻的小屋，玲瓏輕巧，一般由屋頂、柱身和臺基三部分組成。在園林中可點(diǎn)景、觀景，又可供人小憩、納涼、避雨。拙政園不僅亭多，而且形式不一。涵青亭居于一隅，空間范圍比較逼仄。但造園家以高大的白墻作底，建了一座組合式的半亭，一主二從，主亭平座挑出于水面之上，猶如水榭，兩側(cè)副亭略向后退，朝左右展開，似廊又非廊，主亭發(fā)兩只戧，副亭發(fā)一只戧，整座亭子猶如一只展翅欲飛的鳳凰，給本來平直、單調(diào)的墻體增添了飛舞的動勢。斜倚亭邊美人靠小坐，天光云影水間，錦鯉遨游，荷蓮輕蕩。
中園介紹
倚虹亭：在復(fù)廊西面的直廊上，坐東朝西，身后長廊迤邐，面前水木曠遠(yuǎn)，是進(jìn)入中花園后一個極好的觀賞點(diǎn)。亭右是梧竹幽居，亭前有一座青石小橋，名“倚虹橋”，橋欄、石質(zhì)都體現(xiàn)了明代風(fēng)格，似是明代拙政園的遺物。站在亭內(nèi)，中間開闊的池水，曲橋分割水面。盛夏，滿池的荷花紅裳翠蓋，一片江南風(fēng)情。綠蔭深處，隱約可見一座秀美、玲瓏的寶塔，這是運(yùn)用借景的手法，將園外千余米之遙的北寺塔借入園中。是“借景”中“遠(yuǎn)借”的佳例。
梧竹幽居：建筑風(fēng)格獨(dú)特，構(gòu)思巧妙別致的梧竹幽居是一座方亭，為中部池東的觀賞主景。此亭外圍為廊，紅柱白墻，飛檐翹角，背靠長廊，面對廣池，旁有梧桐遮蔭、翠竹生情。亭的絕妙之處還在于四周白墻開了四個圓形洞門，洞環(huán)洞，洞套洞，在不同的角度可看到重疊交錯的分圈、套圈、連圈的奇特景觀。四個圓洞門既通透、采光、雅致，又形成了四幅花窗掩映、小橋流水、湖光山色、梧竹清韻的美麗框景畫面，意味雋永。“梧竹幽居”匾額為文徵明體。“爽借清風(fēng)明借月，動觀流水靜觀山”對聯(lián)為清末名書家趙之謙撰書，上聯(lián)連用二個借字，點(diǎn)出了人類與風(fēng)月、與自然和諧相處的親密之情;下聯(lián)則用一動一靜，一虛一實(shí)相互襯托、對比，相映成趣。
雪香云蔚亭：雪香，指梅花。云蔚，指花木繁盛。此亭適宜早春賞梅，亭旁植梅，暗香浮動。周圍竹叢青翠，林木蔥郁，繞溪盤行，頗有城市山林的趣味。亭為長方形，在池中西部土山上，外觀質(zhì)樸而輕快，亭內(nèi)匾額“山花野鳥之間”為當(dāng)代書畫家錢君陶所書。
嘉實(shí)亭：園內(nèi)種植許多枇杷樹，枇杷秋天孕蕾，冬天開花，春天結(jié)果，夏天成熟，蘊(yùn)含四季之氣，結(jié)成累累金丸。嘉實(shí)亭，既有對江南名園的贊揚(yáng)，又寓意收獲的喜慶。亭墻正中開有方形窗洞，窗洞外一側(cè)是太湖石，石旁冬有臘梅，夏有芭蕉，組成一幅天然的立體圖畫。通過枇杷園洞門，嘉實(shí)亭與雪香云蔚亭形成一組對景，這是造園的藝術(shù)手法之一。
聽雨軒
在嘉實(shí)亭之東，與周圍建筑用曲廊相接。軒前一泓清水，植有荷花;池邊有芭蕉、翠竹，軒后也種植一叢芭蕉，前后相映。五代時南唐詩人李中有詩曰：“聽雨入秋竹，留僧覆舊棋”;宋代詩人楊萬里《秋雨嘆》詩曰：“蕉葉半黃荷葉碧，兩家秋雨一家聲”;現(xiàn)代蘇州園藝家周瘦鵑《芭蕉》詩曰：“芭蕉葉上瀟瀟雨，夢里猶聞碎玉聲。”這里芭蕉、翠竹、荷葉都有，無論春夏秋冬，只要是雨夜，由于雨落在不同的植物上，加上聽雨人的心態(tài)各異，自能聽到各具情趣的雨聲，境界絕妙，別有韻味。
海棠春塢：倚虹長廊蜿蜒，玲瓏館東側(cè)花墻分隔的獨(dú)立小院是海棠春塢。造型別致的書卷式磚額，嵌于院之南墻。院內(nèi)海棠數(shù)株，初春時分萬花似錦，嬌羞如小家碧玉秀姿艷質(zhì)，有超群絕類之美。文人墨客為之動情謳歌。庭院鋪地用青紅白三色鵝卵石鑲嵌而成海棠花紋。院內(nèi)茶幾裝飾圖案均為海棠紋樣。處處有景點(diǎn)題，庭院雖小，清靜幽雅，是讀書休憩的理想之所。
遠(yuǎn)香堂：遠(yuǎn)香堂為四面廳，是拙政園中部的主體建筑，在原明正德若墅堂的舊址上，為清乾隆時所建，青石屋基是當(dāng)時的原物。它面水而筑，單檐歇山頂，面闊三間。堂北平臺寬敞，池水曠朗清澈。荷池寬闊，紅裳翠蓋，清香宜人。堂名取周敦頤《愛蓮說》中“香遠(yuǎn)益清”的名句，水中遍植荷花，因荷得名。夏日池中荷葉田田，荷風(fēng)撲面，清香遠(yuǎn)送，是賞荷的佳處。園主借花自喻，表達(dá)了園主高尚的情操。堂內(nèi)裝飾透明玲瓏的玻璃落地長窗，規(guī)格整齊，由于長窗透空，四周各具情趣的景物，山光水影，盡收眼底，猶如觀賞山水長卷。室內(nèi)陳設(shè)典雅精致。
小飛虹：蘇州是水鄉(xiāng)，拙政園是水園，有水必有橋。拙政園里有石板橋、石拱橋等，小飛虹的型制很特別。是蘇州園林中唯一的廊橋。取南北朝宋代鮑昭《白云》詩“飛虹眺秦河，泛霧弄輕弦而命名”。朱紅色橋欄倒映水中，水波粼粼，宛若飛虹，故以為名。虹，是雨過天晴后橫跨大地的一架絢麗的彩橋，古人以虹喻橋，用意絕妙。它不僅是連接水面和陸地的通道，而且構(gòu)成了以橋?yàn)橹行牡莫?dú)特景觀。小飛虹橋體為三跨石梁，微微拱起，呈八字型。橋面兩側(cè)設(shè)有萬字護(hù)欄，三間八柱，覆蓋廊屋，檐枋下飾以倒掛楣子，橋兩端與曲廊相連，是一座精美的廊橋。
小滄浪：小滄浪取北宋?蘇舜欽“滄浪亭”名為閣名，寓意遁世歸隱。小閣面闊三間，南窗北檻，兩面臨水，外形十分別致，似房非房，似船非船，似橋非橋，完全是架在水面上的一座水閣。水閣橫跨池上，將水面再度劃分，把到此結(jié)束的中園水尾營造得貌似綿延不斷，藝術(shù)手法高超。亭廊圍繞，構(gòu)成開敞的幽靜水院。從前蘇州古城文人雅士、官宦人家眾多，無論是華屋巨宅還是一般住房，都特別注意小空間的修飾，這小空間就是庭院，而水庭院則是這絕無僅有的小滄浪，一方面，它體現(xiàn)了江南水鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)情，另一方面，因水造景，院落內(nèi)外互相借景而構(gòu)建了一個特別清涼的環(huán)境。
松風(fēng)水閣：松、竹、梅在中國傳統(tǒng)文化中被稱作“歲寒三友”，在文人寫意園中，尤愛栽種這類用以“比德”的植物，來表達(dá)主人的思想感情。松樹經(jīng)寒不凋，四季常青，古人將之喻作有高尚的道德情操者。松之蒼勁古拙的姿態(tài)常被畫入圖中，是中國園林的主要樹種之一。松風(fēng)水閣又名“聽松風(fēng)處”，是看松聽濤之處。這座水閣攢尖方頂，空間封閉，由廊間小門出入，其余三面采用半墻加半窗的結(jié)構(gòu)。屋頂出檐特大，飛檐起翹尤高，表現(xiàn)出翩翩欲飛、飄逸輕靈的風(fēng)采，整座建筑不是采用規(guī)整的正南正北方向，而是斜過45度角,凌空架于水上,可避陽通風(fēng),最適宜于夏天觀景。亭側(cè)植有黑松數(shù)株，有風(fēng)拂過，松枝遙動，松濤作響，色聲皆備，是別有風(fēng)味的一處景觀。
香洲：香洲為“舫”式結(jié)構(gòu)，有兩層艙樓，通體高雅而灑脫，其身姿倒映水中，更顯得纖麗而雅潔。香洲寄托了文人的理想與情操。香洲，用的是屈原筆下“芳洲”的典故，《楚辭》中有“采芳洲兮杜若，將以遺兮下女”的句子。古時常以香草來比喻清高之士，此處以荷花景觀來喻意香草，也很得體。在中國古典園林眾多的石舫中，拙政園香洲大概稱得上是造型最為美觀的一個。船頭是臺，前艙是亭，中艙為榭，船尾是閣，閣上起樓，線條柔和起伏，比例大小得當(dāng)，使人想起古時蘇州、杭州、、揚(yáng)州一帶山溫水軟、畫舫如云的景象。香洲位于水邊，正當(dāng)東、西水流和南北向河道的交匯處，三面環(huán)水，一面依岸，由三塊石條所組成的跳板登“船”，站在船頭，波起漣漪，四周開敞明亮，滿園秀色，令人心爽。烈日酷暑，此地卻荷風(fēng)陣陣，舉目清涼。香洲船頭上懸有文徵明寫的題額，后人還專門為之題跋。香洲這條旱船，建筑手法典雅精巧，引人入勝，使人感到一種對高潔人格的追尋。
荷風(fēng)四面亭：亭名因荷而得，座落在園中部池中小島，四面皆水，湖內(nèi)蓮花亭亭凈植，湖岸柳枝絲絲婆娑，亭單檐六角，四面通透，亭中有抱柱聯(lián)：“四面荷花三面柳，半潭秋水一房山。”用在此處十分貼切。尤其是聯(lián)中的“壁”字用得好，亭子是最為開敞的建筑物，柱間無墻，所以視線不受遮擋，倍感空透明亮，雖然無壁，然而三面河岸垂柳茂盛無間，四周芙蓉偎依簇?fù)?，不是密密匝匝地圍成了一道綠色的香柔之墻嗎?動人的夸張和豐富的想象，使這座島上的小亭愈發(fā)顯得多姿多彩，亭亭可人。風(fēng)吹墻動，綠浪翻滾，清香四溢，色、香、形俱佳。春柳輕，夏荷艷，秋水明，冬山靜，荷風(fēng)四面亭不僅最宜夏暑，而且四季皆宜。若從高處俯瞰荷風(fēng)四面亭，但見亭出水面，飛檐出挑，紅柱挺拔，基座玉白，分明是滿塘荷花懷抱著的一顆光燦燦的明珠。
見山樓：見山樓三面環(huán)水，兩側(cè)傍山，從西部可通過平坦的廊橋進(jìn)入底層，而上樓則要經(jīng)過爬山廊或假山石級。它是一座江南風(fēng)格的民居式樓房，重檐卷棚，歇山頂，坡度平緩，粉墻黛瓦，色彩淡雅，樓上的明瓦窗，保持了古樸之風(fēng)。底層被稱作“藕香榭”，沿水的外廊設(shè)吳王靠，小憩時憑靠可近觀游魚，中賞荷花，遠(yuǎn)則園內(nèi)諸景如畫一般地在眼前緩緩展開。上層為見山樓，陶淵明有名句曰：“采菊東籬下，悠然見南山。”此樓高敞，可將中園美景盡收眼底。春季滿園新翠，姹紫嫣紅;夏日薰風(fēng)徐來，荷香陣陣;秋天池畔蘆荻迎風(fēng)，寒意蕭瑟;冬時滿屋暖陽，雪景宜人。原先，蘇州城中沒有高樓大廈，登此樓望遠(yuǎn)，可盡覽郊外山色。相傳此樓清咸豐年間太平天國忠王李秀成的辦公之所。見山樓高而不危，聳而平穩(wěn)，與周圍的景物構(gòu)成均衡的圖畫。
玉蘭堂：玉蘭堂，是一處獨(dú)立閉的幽靜庭院，它處在拙政園主人居住區(qū)與花園的交界部位，是園主會見賓客與處理日常事務(wù)的主要場所，玉蘭堂高大寬敞，院落小巧精致。南墻高聳，好似畫紙，墻上藤草作畫，墻下筑有花壇，植天竺和竹叢，配湖石數(shù)峰，玉蘭和桂花，色、香宜人。玉蘭堂曾名“筆花堂”，與文徵明故居中的“筆花堂”同名。這顯示了當(dāng)初園主王獻(xiàn)臣與文徵明之間不同一般的親密關(guān)系;再則，“夢筆生花”也是古時文人對創(chuàng)作靈感的一種追尋。在此讀書作畫，實(shí)是人生的莫大享受。
西園介紹
宜兩亭：在別有洞天靠左，疊有假山一座。沿假山上石徑，有一座六角形的亭子位于山頂，這就是“宜兩亭”。它踞于中園和西園分界的云墻邊，亭基較高，六面置窗，窗格為梅花圖案。登上宜兩亭，可以俯瞰中部的山光水色。從中花園觀景，從層層遞進(jìn)的景色展開后，宜兩亭突出于廊脊之上，使整個中花園的景色變得綿延不盡，形成非常深遠(yuǎn)的景觀空間，這是造園技巧上“鄰借”的典型范例。“宜兩”出自一個有趣的故事。唐代白居易曾與元宗簡結(jié)鄰而居，院落中有高大的柳樹探出圍墻，可為兩家共賞。白居易寫詩贊美道：“明月好同三徑夜，綠楊宜作兩家春”，以此來比喻鄰里間的和睦相處。當(dāng)年，拙政園的中園和西園分屬兩家所有，西園主人不建高樓，而改為堆山筑亭。西家可以在亭中觀賞到他十分羨慕的中園景色，而中園主人在中花園亦可眺望亭閣高聳的一番情趣，借亭入景，豐富景觀，豈不妙哉!一亭宜兩家，添景更添情，就這樣，一句好詩，一段佳話，造就了一個妙亭，一道風(fēng)景。
波形廊：在西花園與中花園交界處的一道水廊，是別處少見的佳構(gòu)。從平面上看，水廊呈“L”形環(huán)池布局，分成兩 段，臨水而筑，南段從別有洞天入口，到卅六鴛鴦館止;北段止于倒影樓，懸空于水上。這里原來是一堵 分隔中、西園的水墻，作為兩園之間的分界橫在那里，如何規(guī)劃成景頗費(fèi)躊躇。聰明的工匠借墻為廊，凌水而建，以一種絕處求生的高妙造園手法來打破這墻僵直、沉悶的局面，將廊的下部架空，猶如棧道一般，依水勢作成高低起伏、彎轉(zhuǎn)曲折狀，使 景觀空間富于彈性，具有韻律美和節(jié)奏美。由南往北，經(jīng)過一系列形態(tài)變化之后，突然出現(xiàn)大幅度轉(zhuǎn)折，把它拉離園墻一段距離，使之突出于水池之上，低貼水面，左右凌空，廊頂變化如亭蓋，臨水處立小石欄柱兩根，猶如釣臺一般，在波形廊靠近倒影樓的近終點(diǎn)處，在其下部設(shè)一孔水洞，讓廊跨越而過，使園的中、西部水系相通，廊體也拔高至最高點(diǎn)。若遠(yuǎn)看水廊，便似長虹臥波，氣勢不凡。
卅六鴛鴦館：是西花園的主體建筑，精美華麗，南部叫“十八曼陀羅花館”，北部叫“卅六鴛鴦館”。一座建筑同時有兩個名字，這是古建筑中的一種鴛鴦廳形式，以屏風(fēng)、罩、紗槅將一座大廳分為兩部，梁架一面用扁料, 一面用圓料，似兩進(jìn)廳堂合并而成，其作用是南半部宜于冬、春，北半部宜于夏、秋。鴛鴦廳面闊三間，外觀為硬山頂，平面呈方形，四隅均建有四角攢尖的精巧耳房，又叫暖閣。北半部挑出于水面，由8根石柱撐住館體架于池上。館之中央的銀杏木雕玻璃屏將大廳一隔為二。北廳(后廳)臨清池，夏、秋時推窗可見荷池中芙蕖浮動，鴛鴦戲水，東漢時大將軍霍光“(在)園中鑿大池，植五色睡蓮，養(yǎng)鴛鴦卅六對，望之燦若披錦”，館名取其意，匾額為清同治年間蘇州狀元洪鈞題寫。蘇州自古出人才，明清時期狀元人數(shù)居全國前列，洪鈞就是其中之一。他在民間傳說中成了一個帶有傳奇色彩的人物，大多是因他娶了一代名妓賽金花為妾。賽金花的故事后來被人寫成小說，洪鈞也就更加出名了。南廳是十八曼陀羅花館，宜于冬、春居處，廳南向陽，小院圍墻既擋風(fēng)又聚曖，并使室內(nèi)有適量的陽光照射。曼陀羅花即山茶花。清代末年，張履謙建此館時曾栽種18株名貴的山茶花，冬季百花凋零，山茶卻如傲雪的臘梅嫣紅斗雪，“樹頭萬朵齊吞火，殘雪燒紅半個天。”表現(xiàn)出蓬勃的生命力，展示著獨(dú)特的美，此館匾額是晚清蘇州的另一個狀元陸潤庠所題。陸狀元和洪狀元在蘇州話里洪、陸諧音“紅、綠”這一紅(洪)一綠(陸)同邑兩狀元為同一建筑寫匾額，為廳堂增色不少。卅六鴛鴦館內(nèi)頂棚采用連續(xù)四卷的拱型狀，既彎曲美觀，遮掩頂上梁架，又利用這弧形屋頂來反射聲音，增強(qiáng)音響效果，使得余音裊裊，繞梁縈回。主人在此宴友、會客、休憩，環(huán)境優(yōu)雅，在廳中鋪就一方紅氍毹，吹笛弄簫，吟歌唱曲。陳設(shè)古色古香，書畫掛屏、家具擺設(shè)配置精當(dāng)。
倒影樓：倒影樓以觀賞水中倒影為主的景點(diǎn)。樓分兩層，樓下是為“拜文揖沈之齋”，文是指文徵明，沈是指沈周(石田)，這兩位均是蘇州著名的畫家，沈周還是文徵明的老師。拙政園之蜚聲江南，是與大畫家、大詩人文徵明分不開的。當(dāng)年，西園園主張履謙為表達(dá)自己的景仰之情，于光緒二十年(1894)特建此樓以資紀(jì)念，他將自己收藏的文徵明、沈石田畫像和《王氏拙政園記》拓片以及俞粟廬書《補(bǔ)園記》石刻嵌在樓下左右兩壁。中間裙板上刻有鄭板橋的書畫真跡。面水的一側(cè)于柱間安裝通透玲瓏的長窗，窗內(nèi)有木質(zhì)低欄。倚欄而立，可憑水觀景。左有波形長廊相伴，右有“與誰同坐軒”，尤其是這些景物的倒影如畫，盡入眼中。水底明月，池中云彩，波影浮動，景色絕佳。樓上原是園主兒媳王氏的書房。此樓四周遍植桂花無數(shù)，入秋賞罷殘荷賞金桂，桂香如酒令人醉。無論是讀書習(xí)字，還是吟詩作畫、觀景自娛，皆環(huán)境可人，幽香可愛。
與誰同坐軒：小亭非常別致，修成折扇狀。蘇東坡有詞“與誰同坐?明月、清風(fēng)、我”，故名“與誰同坐軒”。軒依水而建，平面形狀為扇形，屋面、軒門、窗洞、石桌、石凳及軒頂、燈罩、墻上匾額、鵝頸椅、半欄均成扇面狀，故又稱作“扇亭”。軒內(nèi)扇形窗洞兩旁懸掛著杜甫的詩句聯(lián)“江山如有待，花柳自無私。”扇亭地處山麓水邊，地理位置甚佳，樹高而雄，石幢靜立，人在軒中，無論是倚門而望，憑欄遠(yuǎn)眺，還是依窗近視，小坐歇息，均可感到前后左右美景不斷。在扇亭后的土山上還有一小亭，稱“笠亭”。“笠”即箬帽，亭作渾圓形，頂部坡度較平緩，恰如一頂箬帽，掩映于枝繁葉茂的草樹中，摒棄了一切裝飾，樸素?zé)o華。山小亭微，搭配勻稱，襯以亭前山水，儼然一戴笠漁翁垂釣，悠然自得。前人曾寫詞贊道：“花間蘿蹬一痕青，煙棱云罅危亭。笠檐蓑袂證前盟，恰對漁汀。 紅隱霞邊山寺，綠皺畫里江城。槐衙柳桁繞瓏玲，坐聽啼鶯。”與誰同坐軒和笠亭是兩種不同的園林建筑藝術(shù)造型，也是在古典園林中較少見的象形建筑。亭、軒結(jié)合，渾然一體。笠亭山上有一座八角形雙層建筑，高大氣派，煞是引人注目。山上林木茂密，綠草如茵，建筑好像浮動于一片翠綠濃蔭之上，因而叫做“浮翠閣”。造型高聳凌空，立面槅扇飾有精美圖畫。登閣眺望四周，但見山清水綠，天高云淡，滿園青翠，一派生機(jī)盎然，令人心曠神怡，樂不思返。扇亭、笠亭、浮翠閣，地理位置依次是臨水、山中、山巔，它們形態(tài)各異，大小不一，由低至高，循序漸進(jìn)，猶如音階中的哆、唻、咪，一氣呵成，使人陶醉在這動聽的旋律里。
留廳閣：為單層閣，體型輕巧，四周開窗，閣前置平臺，閣內(nèi)最值得一看的是清代銀杏木立體雕刻松、竹、梅、鵲飛罩，浮雕、鏤雕、圓雕相結(jié)合，刀法嫻熟，技藝高超，構(gòu)思巧妙，將“歲寒三友”和“喜鵲登梅”兩種圖案柔和在一起，接縫處不留痕跡，渾然天成，是園林飛罩不可多得的精品。從整體外形看，留聽閣是一個抽象化的船廳，廳前平臺如船頭。左側(cè)池塘中種滿了荷花，荷花生長期間其葉、蕾、花、果皆有姿有態(tài)，觀賞期特長，從春末夏初池面冒出點(diǎn)點(diǎn)綠錢到盛夏時節(jié)的滿池華蓋，直至秋意濃濃的枯葉殘花，每一個階段都有其獨(dú)到的美。俗話說，花無百日紅，再美的鮮花最終也是“零落成泥碾作塵”，殘花敗葉的凄涼晚景讓人不忍卒睹，唯獨(dú)秋塘枯荷卻別有一種殘缺美的意境，李商隱有“留得殘荷聽雨聲”的名句，留聽閣就是取此詩意而名?；ㄖx了，人已老，景猶在，情難忘，觸人心境，發(fā)人幽思?！都t樓夢》第四十四回里 ，賈寶玉與林黛玉乘著姑蘇駕娘撐動的木舫在水中游賞，黛玉看到滿池荷花時說，我最不喜歡李義山的詩，只喜他一句“留得殘荷聽雨聲……”林黛玉是個極有文化修養(yǎng)的姑娘，多愁善感，聰明絕頂，但又孤傲清高，不愿隨波逐流，所以才會對李商隱這句表達(dá)冷寂清幽之美的詩句產(chǎn)生共鳴。這雖然是文學(xué)作品里的描述，但她所欣賞的如此富有詩意的境界也出現(xiàn)在拙政園的西花園里。大自然的天籟之音，在中國園林中奏出了或恢宏或歡快或喜悅的美妙樂章。
塔影亭：此亭從頂部到底座及四周窗格均為正八角圖案，是園中最精致華麗的建筑物之一。在留聽閣船臺，回頭望塔影亭，頓覺美妙至致。狹長的縱向水系拉開了層次，隔了一定的距離，水灣的縱深感就增強(qiáng)了，那攢尖的八角亭印入水中，宛如寶塔，端莊怡然。真亭假塔，虛實(shí)相連，不失為西部花園中一個別致的景觀。在拙政園中，有兩處景觀與寶塔有關(guān)。一處是在倚虹亭看遠(yuǎn)借的園外北寺塔，還有一處便是這借水景而成的塔影亭。在中花園中看到的寶塔是實(shí)體，而在西花園中看到的寶塔是虛體。不論是真塔遠(yuǎn)望，還是假塔近觀，都讓人產(chǎn)生豐富的聯(lián)想，留下深刻的印象。塔影亭所處的位置并不顯眼，已到了花園的盡頭。聰明的主人在水源將盡處筑了一個小亭，若將整個西園比作一首旋律優(yōu)美的樂曲，那么塔影亭 就是最后一節(jié)音符。嘎然而止的樂曲讓人覺得突兀，而此處有了塔影亭則組成了完整的樂章。更妙的是，不光有亭，還有影，就如曲終遺音余韻不絕，讓人回味。
在拙政園里面走走，感覺真不錯，景色很美，不管在哪個角度看都是一幅圖畫。
Humble administrator's garden was built in the Ming dynasty, Wang Xianchen master the zoo first. Him in jiajing, zhengde years in the supervision of the empire, in official career is not satisfied, come back from the office to buy land landscape, borrow the recluse "" compensated" place of the sentence, humble administrator's garden. Park main attractions are: LanXueTang, pavilions, Shu sweet lotus pavilion, looking pavilion, far from the hall, small, pavilions, green blue waves pavilion, etc.
Dominated points east, middle, west, home four parts. The residence is a typical residence in suzhou, now decorate for garden museum exhibition hall. East and lively open and bright, with flat, distant mountains, pine forest lawn, bamboo dock water is given priority to. The main attractions are: LanXueTang, compose yunfeng, pavilions, day spring pavilion, lotus Shu incense pavilion, etc. Humble administrator's garden in essence, the water area accounts for a third, give priority to with water, wide pool tree alum, natural view, arrangement of the water in the form is differ, strewn at random discretion, primary and secondary and clear. The main attractions are: far hong tong, xiangzhou, wind pavilion, small mountains tower, the flying all around, loquat garden, etc. Western main body building for near the home side longmont yuanyang pavilion, pool assumes the rue droit-mur, its main characteristics for the Taiwan pavilion points ups and downs, corridor, the reflection waves, interest, beautifully decorated. Main attractions: thirty six yuanyang pavilion, reflection, and who sat with hin, water corridor, etc.
East garden is introduced
LanXueTang: is the main hall, the east TangMing take meaning on li bai "independent between heaven and earth, the wind is aspersed LanXue" verse. Was built in Ming chongzhen eight years (1635), according to the Lord Wang Xinyi "belongs to the garden and field in" records, LanXueTang for five jacaranda thatched cottage, "something means to screen, then there are mountain, such as painting, and all kinds of clubs. Mae have bamboo, bamboo SengShe, DanMu brahman, when" from the bamboo, secluded environment. Hall before two tree pinus bungeana and vigorous like, verdant bamboo wall, and Shi Linglong lake, green grass clamp diameter, wall is linked together. Hall sits three studio, "LanXueTang" plaque hanging high, long window to the ground, the center of the hall divided by screen door, screen door to the south for a pair of carved lacquerware, panoramic view of the humble administrator's garden, "north for the bamboo figure, screen door are all made of suzhou traditional carved lacquerware craft, screen door on both sides of the partition board and skirt board inscribed with characters.
Compose yunfeng: LanXueTang north, peaks tower in the shadow of the green bamboo, mountain northwest bimodal coexistence, named "wall". Compose yunfeng, couplet peak to belong to the garden and field wall in garden scenic spot. Wang Xinyi "belongs to the garden and field", before LanXueTang pool, "fanaw have peak, cloud compose Miao trees, yue compose yunfeng. The name given to the pool they left two peaks, like the palm like sails, peak of united wall." Fold two peaks of the late Ming dynasty stone masters Chen works like a cloud, the lake stone, exquisite, renew the Zhao Songxue at the end of the yuan dynasty landscape painting as template. Compose yunfeng form gradually from bottom to top shape is large, its top YouWei, such as cloud, bully independence, no support. Summer night in 1943, compose yunfeng suddenly Pi. Later, in the garden, under the guidance of experts Wang Xingbo to pile into the up to two zhangs, and exquisite YaoJiao qifeng, peeling, and now the peak moss vines mixed and disorganized, there is no lack of ancient meaning.
The pavilions of the lotus: pavilions is a very beautiful ancient Chinese architectural form, with the surrounding scenery, constitute, and flexible in form. Hibiscus pavilions for volume shed roof rested on the top of the hill, the four corners to fly up, half built on the bank, half into the water, the spirit empty frame on the water wave, stands near the water, beautiful qian qiao. This wonderful facing wide pool, pool, is a good place to admire the lotus in summer. Walk lotus pavilions, pinglan, finding, visible green pool, make-up water, romantic beauty like a graceful fairy on mesh face-physick out of China and the United States, the breeze suddenly, a piece of green waves, sent the fragrant lotus,... Enjoy a taste of the lotus flower is beautiful, elegant and noble character.
Day spring pavilion, is a double-hipped roof was fixed, the eaves tall and external form the cloister, solemn plain, has the sit sill wai column, can take a rest. Pond surrounded by lawns, flowers and trees. Small pavilion beiping hills, slope, lush vegetation. Pavilion is "day spring" this name, because it has a well under, CiJing perpetual desiccation, water quality sweet, thus known as "spring". According to "the qianlong cheung chau county annals" records, the yuan dynasty, a teacher and a temple with a temple called big macro. For hundreds of years, ze monk living there, and set up a "east". Spring has well before lent, referred to as "day". Suzhou is a gesturing across, river, bridge, and well, but the history is rare. Wang Xinyi built "belongs to the garden and field house", has kept it, also make the garden smooth add how much pastoral scenery.
Shu incense pavilion: Shu incense, paddy fragrance, wall before all is farmland, the harvest season, autumn wind sent waves of rice fragrance, is glorious, the pavilion also hence the name. Shu incense pavilion for the main architecture of the east, hills of flour and water, as the structure of single eaves jehiel mountain, indoor capacious and bright, long window on the apron boxwood carving, a total of 48, according to expert textual research, one for "the west chamber", another one is "good luck". There, in "the west chamber" a "will yuanyang ying-ying went jumping the wall", "copy red" and "pavilion farewell" scenarios, such as fine chase, rich layers, lifelike. The setting sun, with a long afterglow on in Shu incense pavilion floor window. With delicate apron woodcarving, decorated Shu incense pavilion of primitive simplicity is elegant, full of interest.
Han qing ting: garden architecture, with the change of the booth. Pavilion is a kind of roof without wall of the hut, and exquisite lighter, generally by the roof, scape and stylobate of three parts. Point of view, the view in the garden, and for a nap, enjoy the cool, rain shelter. Humble administrator's garden pavilion more not only, and have different forms. Han qing pavilion at the corner, the space is relatively narrow range. But gardening bottom with tall, white wall, built a modular half pavilion, a second from Lord, pick out the main pavilion flat seat above the water, is like a waterside pavilion, both sides vice pavilion slightly backward, toward the left and right sides, like a gallery, the gallery, the main pavilion hair two peak, vice pavilion a peak, the entire pavilion is like a phoenix, wings to fly to flat, drab wall added flying electromotive force. Leaning TingBian beauty by small sit, the skylight cloud water, brocade carp, lotus lotus QingDang.
In the garden is introduced
Lean on rainbow pavilion: in the straight porch corridor to the west, sitting east toward the west, behind the gallery &, shuimu KuangYuan before, is an excellent after enter in the garden. Bamboo pavilion is the right of living, passing a have a stone Bridges, the name "rainbow bridge", bridge, stone reflects the style of the Ming dynasty, is a relic of humble administrator's garden in Ming dynasty. Standing in the middle of the pavilion, open water, winding division of the water. Midsummer, pond full of lotus red type green cover, a piece of jiangnan amorous feelings. Peep of deep shade, a beautiful, exquisite pagoda, this is the technique of using borrow scene, outside the garden thousands of metres north temple tower borrowing in the garden. Is "far" borrow scene "borrow" of the case.
The bamboo of living: the unique architectural style, clever chic the bamboo is a square, as the central ChiDong accent. The gallery pavilion peripheral red white walls, cornices, newborn back against the corridor, in the face of wide pool, a phoenix tree shade, bamboo, the living feeling. Pavilion wonderful place is surrounded by white walls opened four circular burrows, hole ring hole, hole hole, can be seen in different Angle of overlapping circle ring, ring, even the strange landscape. Four round David already fully, daylighting, elegant, and formed four beautiful window, framed by a small bridge flowing water, lakes and mountains, the bamboo of classical beautiful scene images, it interesting. "The bamboo of living" plaques for Wen Zhiming body. Concept of "cool, cool breeze Ming borrow move water watch mountain" couplets for the qing dynasty famous calligrapher zhao zhiqian written books, a laparoscope, usually connected to a part two borrowed words, points out the human and romantic, intimate love in harmony with nature; Bottom allied with a quiet move, one virtual real mutual foil, contrast, set each other off becomes an interest.
Snow sweet YunWeiTing: incense, refers to the plum blossom. YunWei, flowers and trees flourish. This pavilion is suitable for early spring to admire the plum, pavilion next to the plant may, fragrant. Bamboo grove around the green, lush trees, around the stream plate line, to have the taste of city forest. Pavilion is rectangle, on the pool Midwest heaped-up mountains, plain appearance and light, booth in plaques "between" mountain wild birds for contemporary artists Qian Juntao book.
Autumn harvest pavilion: garden grow a lot of loquat, loquat pregnant bud, bloom in winter, the spring as a result, the mature in summer, containing the gas of the four seasons, formed a pill with gold. Harvest pavilion, both for the praise of the jiangnan gardens, and harvest festival. Outside the pavilion wall in the middle of a square humanly scaled, humanly scaled side is accompany, stone beside the winter wintersweet, summer has a banana, and form a natural three-dimensional picture. Through the loquat garden burrows, harvest pavilion and fragrant snow YunWeiTing formed a set of places and this is one of the art of gardening technique.
Listen to woo hin
In the east of harvest pavilion, with the surrounding building corridors connect. Hin before a congested water, plant have lotus; After the pool has a banana, bamboo, porch also grow a clump of banana, set each other off. Five dynasties south down the poet Li Zhongyou poems said: "rain fall bamboo, a monk by old chess". Song dynasty poet compose poems said: "autumn rain sigh" rain "in half yellow lotus leaf green, two a voice". Modern suzhou horticulturist Zhou Shoujuan "banana" poems said: "the banana was raining on the rain, in the dream of broken jade ring." Here has a banana, bamboo, lotus leaf, whether spring, summer, autumn and winter, as long as it is a rainy night, because of the rain falls on different plants, coupled with the rain of different state of mind, since can hear the rain of each has its appeal, wonderful, do not have lasting appeal.
Haitang spring basin: lean on rainbow winding corridor, exquisite pavilion east tracery wall separating independent yard is haitang spring basin. The scroll type brick of chic modelling, embedded in the courtyard south of the wall. Nosocomial haitang several strains of spring flower is abundant, blushing like small jasper show appearance brilliant quality, superb unique kind of beauty. The estrogen acura of men of letters. The courtyard floor with green red and white three color cobble Mosaic and ChengHaiTang pattern. In the tea table decoration patterns are the Chinese flowering crabapple pattern. Everywhere there are attractions, the courtyard is small, quiet and tastefully laid out, is an ideal place to study have a rest.
Far hong tong: far hong tong for all hall, the humble administrator's garden is the central part of the subject construction, in the original MingZhengDe if the site of a luxury hall, built by qing emperor qianlong, bluestone foundation is the time of the original object. And its surface water building, single eaves jehiel the top of the hill, width between the three. The spacious hall of Peiping, kuang lang clear the pond. HeChi broad, red type green cover, pleasant fragrance. TangMing take zhou dunyi "wang" of "XiangYuan yi qing" in the sentence, the water through the plant lotus, due to the lotus name. Summer in the pool of lotus leaf tiantian, Dutch wind lifted, fragrant far, is the good place of appreciation. Park owner borrow from yu, expressed the landowner's sentiments. Inside the hall decoration transparent and exquisite glass French window, specifications, due to the long window nearby, around the scene of each has its appeal, mountain light watermark, panoramic view, like viewing landscape scroll. Elegant and refined indoor display.
Is water, small flying: suzhou humble administrator's garden is water park, water and bridge. In the humble administrator's garden masonry bridge, stone bridge, etc., small flying style is very special. Is the only covered Bridges in suzhou garden. In the song dynasty of the northern and southern dynasties BaoZhao "baiyun" poem "the flying jams Qin He, generic fog light string named". Scarlet bridge are reflected in the water, water waves, like the flying, so the thought of. Rainbow, it is after a storm comes a calm after a brilliant we across the land, the ancients to rainbow YuQiao, wonderful. It is not only a connection channel of water and land, and constitute a unique landscape with the center of the bridge. Little fly to hongqiao for three cross Shi Liang body, slightly arched, show eight word. Bridge deck railing on both sides with a swastika, three, eight columns, covered corridor room, decorated with upside down under eaves fang lintel, connected with song gallery on both ends of the bridge, is a beautiful covered Bridges.
Small: blue waves surging wave in northern song dynasty? Su Shunqin "surging waves pavilion called" cabinet, moral claustral retirement. Width between the three small pavilion, south north window sill, two face water, appearance is very chic, like room the room, like a ship FeiChuan, like bridge, the bridge, is entirely a ShuiGe planes on the surface of the water. ShuiGe across the pool, to divide the water again, builds the garden water in the end of the end, seemingly endless artistic skill. Ting corridor around, open water quiet courtyard. Formerly suzhou's old city numerous scholars, senators, both values house and general housing, all pay special attention to small space decorate, this little space is the courtyard, and the water garden is the unique small blue waves, on the one hand, it embodies the jiangnan amorous feelings, on the other hand, because the water landscape, yard inside and outside borrow scene with each other and build a special cool and refreshing environment.
Wind ShuiGe: pine, bamboo and plum in Chinese traditional culture is referred to as "poetic age", the literati freehand brushwork in traditional Chinese garden, especially love planted this kind of plant to "than", to express thoughts and feelings of the master. The cold depth, stays, the ancients will have noble moral sentiment, "the. Loose the vigorous like that attitude is drawn into the figure, often is one of the main species of Chinese garden. Wind ShuiGe also known as "listen to the wind place", is to look at the pine listen to the tao. The ShuiGe pavilion, your space is closed, the small discrepancy between gallery, the remaining three sides on the structure wall plus half the window. Roof eaves super-large, cornices case become warped, especially high, show the elegant demeanour that fluttered about, elegant light spirit, the entire building is not using structured south north direction, but the oblique Angle of 45 degrees, volley in the water, can avoid Yang ventilation, viewing the most suitable for the summer. Pavilion side of the plant have large number of strains, the wind blows over, pine away, song tao, color is ready, a landscape is a distinctive flavour.
Xiangzhou: xiangzhou is "matter" type structure, there are two layers of the tank floor, perfect the elegant and free and easy, its motions are reflected in the water, more appear center and graceful. Xiangzhou ideals and sentiments of the literati. Xiangzhou, with qu yuan's "FangZhou" allusions, chu "in" with qin xi biddy mining FangZhou xi rico, "sentences. Ancient often vanilla metaphor as lofty, vanilla with lotus landscape metaphor here, is also very appropriate. In numerous beautiful in Chinese classical garden, the humble administrator's garden xiangzhou is probably the most beautiful one shape. Is a bow, front is a pavilion, in the cabin for the pavilions, stern is cabinet, cabinet on the floor, line downy, proportion size is proper, reminiscent of the ancient suzhou, hangzhou, mountain water, yangzhou region soft, original scene like a cloud. Xiangzhou located in the water, as the stream of east, west and north and south river interchange, bounded by water on three sides, one side in accordance with the shore, of article three stone springboard "ship", standing in the bow, wave ripples, surrounded by open and bright, garden xiuse, makes the heart. The hot sun hot summer here but lotus gusty wind, lifted up his eyes, and cool and refreshing. There is written Wen Zhiming TiE xiangzhou bow, also specifically for the inscription of later generations. Xiangzhou this land boat, construction technique and elegant delicate, fascinating, make the person feel a kind of pursuit of noble personality.
Lotus pavilion: all around wind pavilion name due to load, is located in the central park pool island, budai, water in the lake lotus graceful net plant, the shore willow branches filar silk dance, pavilion single eaves hexagon, connect fully, all pavilion with column in the league: "lotus flowers all around three and a half face willow, tam colchicine well." In here is very appropriate. Especially the word "wall" in the league, pavilion buildings is the most open and without the wall between the column, so the line of sight from the shade, bright feel empty, although no wall, but three Banks of the river willows thrive, and surrounded by lotus surrounded, not collected around became a green wall of the soft? Moving exaggeration and rich imagination, gave the island pavilion even more colorful, slim and graceful. The wind wall motion, and the green waves rolling, fragrance 4 excessive, color, aroma, delicate shape. Spring willow light, summer lotus yan, autumn, winter hill is static, Dutch wind pavilion is not only the most appropriate summer heat, and is suitable for four seasons. If the wind from a height overlooking the lotus pavilion all around, but saw booth out of the water, cornices rippers andalusite tall and straight, base white jade, is clearly full TangHe holding a shone bright pearl.
See mountains: mountain building surrounded on three sides by water, on both sides of the mountain, from the west by flat roads into the underlying, while upstairs after climbing the mountain corridor or rockery stair. It is a residential buildings, the jiangnan style double-hipped roof tent, rested on the top of the hill, gentle slope, white wall tiles, colour quietly elegant, MingWa upstairs window, the wind of of primitive simplicity. The bottom is called the "lotus root shaughnessy", set the prince on the verandah along the water, when a nap may can view of thought, to admire the lotus, far the picturesque scene is grounds generally unfolds before our eyes. To the upper floor to see mountain, tao yuanming a yue: "picking tori, carefree and see nanshan." High building open, can be in the garden scenery panoramic view. The spring garden new cui, outstanding displays; Summer is the wind xu, fragrant lotus fragrance of; Autumn poolside rushes the wind chill bleak; Pleasant winter house full of warm Yang, snow. Previously, no tall buildings in suzhou city, telescopic, the building can be out of the outskirts of mountains. Legend has it the king of the taiping heavenly kingdom zhong qing xianfeng years building of political office. See mountain building and not dangerous, and smooth, with the surrounding scenery constitute a balanced picture.
Yulan hall, yulan hall, is an independent closed quiet courtyard, the master in the humble administrator's garden residential area and the border area of the garden, is the Lord met with the guests and handle the daily affairs of the main places, yulan hall tall and spacious yard cabinet and delicate. South wall tall, like paper, rattan grass painting on the wall, under the wall with a flower bed, tianzhu and bamboo grove, the lake stone number peak, yulan and osmanthus flowers, color, aroma and pleasant. Yulan hall has a "pen flower hall", and Wen Zhiming's former residence "pen flower hall" in the same name. This shows that when the Lord Wang Xianchen with Wen Zhiming between different general close relationship; Moreover, "the dream having flowers" is the ancient literati, a pursuit of creative inspiration. Reading in the painting, is a great enjoyment in life.
West park is introduced
Proper two pavilion: in the new world, on the left there is a rockery. Along the rockery stone, there is a hexagonal pavilion is located in the top of the mountain, that is "appropriate two pavilion". It faces Yu Zhongyuan and west park boundary cloud wall, pavilion base is higher, six sides, buy window pane for plum flower pattern. On appropriate two pavilion, overlooking the central scenery. Garden view, from the view of the progressive transformation unfolds, appropriate two pavilions highlighted on the gallery ridge, make whole garden scenery become stretches, form a very profound landscape space, this is a gardening technique on a typical example of "neighbor borrowed". "Appropriate" from an interesting story. Bai juyi in the tang dynasty and yuan ZongJian neighborship, there are tall willows leaned out of the walls in the yard, can enjoy it for two. Bai juyi wrote poems to praise way: "good moon night with three diameter, and the green Yang Yi for two spring", to the analogy between neighborhoods in harmony. That year, the humble administrator's garden in central and western all belong to two, west park owners do not build high-rise buildings, instead, piled mountain pavilion. He can see his envy in the pavilion in the garden scenery, and in the garden owner in the garden can be overlooking pavilions towering appeal, borrow the pavilion into the landscape, landscape, rich far zai! A pavilion should be two, add more add scene, and in this way, a good poem, a much-told story, makes a wonderful pavilion, a scenery.
Waveform corridor: garden border in XiHuaYuan and a water corridor, is rare elsewhere. Look from the surface, the water gallery is "L" ring pool layout, divided into two segments, built by the water, the south from the entrance to the new world, to longmont yuanyang pavilion; Section in reflection floor, dangling in the water. Here is a space, west park in water wall, as the boundary between the two garden cross there, how to plan a scene is a pause. Clever artisan borrow wall of corridor, ling water and build, with a unique place of survival is safe technique to break the wall rigidity, depressing situation, the gallery of the overhead, like plank road, according to the water made winding ups and downs, ways, make the landscape space full of elasticity, has the rhythm and rhythm. From south to north, and, after a series of morphological changes, a sudden sharp turn, pull it away from the garden wall, make the highlight on the tank, low water, or air, the gallery roof changes such as pavilion cover, the water in the vertical columns column, two small like DiaoTai, on the reflection waveform corridor near the floor near the end, one hole is set in the lower part of the tunnel, let corridor cross over, in the garden, west water system are interlinked, the gallery body too high to high. If far water corridor, is like changhong lying wave, splendid.
XiHuaYuan longmont yuanyang pavilion: is the main part of building, the elegant and luxuriant, called "18 datura flower pavilion", south north called "longmont yuanyang pavilion". A building at the same time, there are two names, this is a form of the mandarin duck hall of ancient building, in order to screen, cover, yarn Ge, a hall can be divided into two beams with flat, with round, like a merger of two into the hall, and its role is the southern half like in winter and spring, the northern half like summer, autumn. Mandarin duck hall width between the three, appearance is hard to the top of the hill, the plane square, the four corners of corner all have sophisticated wing of the pavilion, also called NuanGe. The northern half of pick out of the water, shored up by eight pillar pavilion built in the pool. In the middle of the hall of ginkgo wood carving glass screen will hall a separated in two. Which (hall) after linqing pool, summer, autumn when pushed lotus of the visible HeChi floating window, girlfriend, when the eastern han dynasty general huo guang "chisel (in) the garden pool, five-color water lily, yuanyang thirty six pairs, hope it can is if the beatles kam", the pavilion in its meaning, plaques is clear to manage to originate in suzhou top HongJun inscribed. Suzhou out talents since ancient times, the Ming and qing dynasties top ranked among the top nationwide, HongJun is one of them. He in folklore became a legendary figure, mostly because he was married to a generation of famous prostitute "golden flower to be his wife. The story of the golden flower was later people write novels, HongJun is that much more famous. South hall is 18 datura flower pavilion, like the winter and spring, remaining hall south xiangyang, yard fence is wind and warm, and make the interior has the right amount of sunlight. Datura flower camellia. Qing dynasty, Zhang Lvqian built this pavilion has 18 strains of rare plant camellia, winter flowers wither, camellia is as proud of snow wintersweet purples dou, "tree head thousands of flower of fire, cx to burn the red half a day." Showed vigorous vitality, showing a unique beauty, this pavilion plaques is suzhou in late qing dynasty by another top Liu Runxiang. Top and hong top lu hong in the suzhou dialect, homophonic "red, green" lu this red (flood) a green (lu) with two of them for the same city construction write plaques, for the hall. Longmont yuanyang pavilion ceiling adopts four volumes of arched shape, bending and beautiful, both on the top of the cover frame, and use the curved roof to reflect a sound, enhance the sound effect, make the lingering sound waves, leaves a has been. Master friends dinner, receive a visitor, have a rest here, the environment elegant, paved a square red woollen blanket in the hall, the flute flute, sing sing song. Display antique, calligraphy and painting hanging panel, furniture configuration is exact.
Reflection: reflection is given priority to with watching the water reflection of attractions. Floor is divided into two layers, the downstairs is for "worship" of wen yi shen, refers to the Wen Zhiming, shen refers to shen Chou (ishida), the two are of suzhou, a famous painter, shen Chou or Wen Zhiming's teacher. Humble administrator's garden is famous jiangnan, is with the great painter, the poet Wen Zhiming inseparable. , west park garden advocated more modest to express their admiration of love, Yu Guangxu 20 years (1894) was built to commemorate the building, his collection of Wen Zhiming, Shen Shitian portrait and the wang's humble administrator's garden, rubbings and YuSu lu book's stone fill garden, embedded in the two wall around downstairs. Banqiao's calligraphy and painting an original middle apron on. On one side of the surface water in the column installed between fully and exquisite window, window contains wooden low hurdles. Relies on the bar, but by water view. Left accompanying waveform promenade, right "sit with who xuan", especially the reflection of the scenery picturesque, all in the eyes. Underwater moon, the cloud pool, wave shadow floating, scenery. Upstairs is park owner daughter-in-law wang's study. Around the building through planting osmanthus flowers numerous, autumn to admire the remaining of the reward given, cinnamon, such as drinkers' wager game people drunk. Reading, copying, or poetry, and viewing joyful painting, all environment but person, dark sweet and lovely.
Sit with who hin: a small pavilion very chic, restore folding fan. Su dongpo words "sit with who? The moon, the wind, I", so named "sit with who xuan". Hin, water and plane shape for the fan, roof, porch door, humanly scaled, stone desk, stone, porch roof, chimney and wall plaques, gooseneck chair, half bar into arc shape, so it is also called the "fan pavilion". Hin in both sides of the fan humanly scaled hang du fu's poem league "Jiang Shanru needs, take willow from selfless." Eg fan pavilion is located in the foothills near the water, the geographical position, tree height and the males, stone house stood still, people in the porch, whether it is leaning against the door and looked at, pinglan overlook, or in accordance with the window myopia, small sit and rest, can feel the beauty around. After the fan pavilion heaped-up mountains there is a small pavilion, said dai li pavilion ". "Dai li" is a broad rimmed bamboo hat, pavilion as round shape, at the top of the slope is gentle, like a top a broad rimmed bamboo hat, in the flourishing grass tree, slam the door all decoration, simple. Mountain kiosk, collocation is symmetrical, lined by passing a landscape, peremptory a dai fisherman fishing, carefree. Predecessors had written word shout: "flowers she push a mark green, smoke cloud edges lot latent pavilion. Au before dai li eaves domain safety certificate, just for fishing. Red chardonnay edge yamadera Cain, green wrinkled river in the picture. My official willow tree girder around LongLing, sat listening to warbler." Sit with who hin and dai li ting is two different landscape architecture art, is also relatively rare in the classical gardens of pictographic architecture. Pavilion, porch, one integrated mass. Dai li has an octagonal two-storey pavilion, lofty style, really is remarkable. Lush trees on the mountain, lush, building seems to be floating on a piece of green shade, therefore is called "floating cui pavilion". Modelling towering volley, facade Ge fan decorated with beautiful pictures. 's cabinet look around, but see clear aqua green mountains, clear sky, garden green, a vibrant, relaxed and happy making a person, do not think to return. Fan pavilion, pavilion, the floating pavilion, the geographical position is in turn by the water, mountains, mountain, they come in all shapes and sizes, from low to high, step by step, like the scales of duo, for, microphones, coherent whole, make people intoxicated in this beautiful melody.
Leave room cabinet: for single cabinet, tiny, round window, cabinet front platform, the most worthy of a look in the cabinet is the qing dynasty ginkgo wood three-dimensional carved pine, bamboo and plum, magpie fly cover, embossing, engraved look, round, the combination of the art of using saber skilled, skilled and clever, the age of "poetic" and "magpie on mei" soft together two kinds of design, juncture place a trace, like nature itself, is the garden cover rare high-quality goods. Looked from the overall appearance, leave to pavilion is an abstraction of ship hall, hall, a former platform such as the bow. On the left side of the pond full of lotus, lotus laid during the growth, bud, flower, fruit is appearance state, ornamental period of expertise, from late spring pool surface emitted a little green canopy with pool money to summer, until the autumn thick leaves and flowers, each stage has its unique beauty. As the saying goes, no one hundred days red, beautiful flowers and eventually make dust "completion" zero mud ground, flowers and dry bleak outlook for difficult to see, only the autumn withered lotus pond but don't have a kind of incomplete beauty artistic conception, li shangyin has "left to the remaining listen to the rain" sentence, listen to cabinet is take the poetic and name. The flower faded, people already old, king of judah in, love unforgettable, touch the person state of mind, people who does. 44 back to a dream of red mansions, jia baoyu and Lin daiyu in gusu niang supports dynamic role of wood in the water with the touring, dai jade see full lotus pool, said I don't like most Li Yishan poem, just like his "keep the remaining listen to the rain..." Lin daiyu is a girl of great culture, sensitive, clever, but aloof and arrogant, don't want to go with the flow, so would the expression of li shangyin this cold quiet quiet beauty of poem. This is the description in the literary works, but she appreciates such a poetic realm XiHuaYuan also appear in the humble administrator's garden. The sounds of nature of nature, played in the Chinese garden or grand or joy or delight in the beauty of music.
Shadow pavilion: the pavilion from the top to the end and all round the pane are are octagon pattern, is one of the most beautiful buildings in the garden. Listen to it on the cabinet slipway, turn head tower shadow pavilion, feel wonderful to send. Narrow vertical drainage leading up to the level, have a certain distance, the depth of water bay is enhanced, the pavilion was fixed into the water, like a pagoda, dignified and pleasurable. True pavilion false, false or true is linked together, can yet be regarded as a unique landscape in the west garden. In the humble administrator's garden, there are two landscape related to pagoda. One is in lean on rainbow pavilion to see far outside the garden of north temple tower, one is this shadow pavilion by water. See in the garden in the pagoda is the entity, and see in XiHuaYuan pagoda is incorporeal. Whether false or true lookout tower tower house that let a person produce rich lenovo, leave deep impression. Shadow pavilion's position is not prominent, has reached the end of the garden. Smart master in water will far built a small pavilion, if compared the entire west park to the beautiful music melody, so their shadow pavilion Is the final quarter note. Screeching halt music let a person feel abrupt, and here are the shadow pavilion is form the complete movement. Even better, not only have a booth, but, as the song heritage sound aftertaste, aftertaste letting a person.
In the humble administrator's garden for a walk, the feeling is good, scenery is very beautiful, no matter which Angle is a picture.
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