胡適英文簡(jiǎn)介
胡適英文簡(jiǎn)介
胡適，著名思想家、文學(xué)家、哲學(xué)家。以倡導(dǎo)“白話文、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)聞名于世。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的胡適英文簡(jiǎn)介，供大家參閱!
胡適簡(jiǎn)介
Hu Shi (December 17, 1891 - February 24, 1962), formerly known as heir, scientific name Hong 骍, word Xi Jiang, pseudonym Hu Shi, the word appropriate. Famous thinker, writer, philosopher. Huizhou Jixi people to promote the "vernacular, leading the new cultural movement famous."
Juvenile study in the hometown private school, 19-year-old admitted Gengzi compensation officer fee students, studying in the United States, under the tutor John Dewey, 1917 summer home, employed as Peking University professor. In 1918 to join the "new youth" editorial department, vigorously promote the vernacular, to promote individual liberation, freedom of thought, and Chen Duxiu with the new cultural movement leader. His article from the perspective of the creation of the distinction between old and new literature, to promote the creation of new literature, translation of France, Germany, Maupassant, Norway Ibsen part of the works, and took the lead in the creation of vernacular literature. The vernacular poems he published in 1917 were the first new poems in the history of modern literature. Hu Shi believes in experimentalist philosophy. "May Fourth Movement", with Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu and other Marxist intellectuals to separate ways, from the "problem and doctrine of the dispute" to open its end, advocate improvement, since he changed his "20 years talk about politics; Political "attitude. He was in the 1920s to do "effort weekly", 1930 years to do "independent commentary", 1940 years to do "independent when the society." 1938 ~ 1942 as the National Government ambassador to the United States. In 1939 the Nobel Prize for Literature was nominated. 1946 ~ 1948 served as president of Peking University. Went to the United States in 1949. In 1952 he returned to Taiwan as president of the Central Research Institute. Died in Taipei in 1962.
Hu Shi's academic activities are mainly in the aspects of literature, philosophy, history, textual research, pedagogy and red learning. The main works are "Outline of Chinese Philosophy" (Shang), "Try", "History of Vernacular Literature" And "Hu Shiwen" (four sets) and so on. He is the greatest academic impact is to promote the "bold assumptions, careful confirmation" of the scholarship.
胡適人物生平
AD 1891, December 17 was born in Jiangsu Province, Songjiang House Chuansha County (now Shanghai Pudong New Area). In 1893, with his mother Feng Shun brother to Taiwan's father Hu Chuan any office.
In 1894, the Sino-Japanese war broke out, with the mother left Taiwan to return to Shanghai, after returning home Anhui Province, Anhui Province Jixi County on the village, into the home school. His father died in Xiamen.
AD 1904, and Jiang Dongxiu engagement, from three brothers to Shanghai, into the Meixi small school.
In 1905, into the courtesy school.
In 1906, the Chinese public school was admitted.
AD 1908, into the Chinese new public school, part-time English teacher.
In 1910, studying in the United States, into the Cornell University selected agriculture.
In 1915, into the Department of Philosophy at Columbia University, under the tutelage of John Dewey.
In 1917, in the "new youth" published "literary reform". In the same year, through the final examinations of Ph.D. degrees, returned to Peking University professor, to participate in the editor of "new youth", return to Anhui Jixi and Jiang Dongxiu marriage.
In 1919, he took the "weekly commentary", published "more research on some issues, less talk about doctrine", advocated reformism, provoke the issue and the issue of debate.
AD 1920, left the "new youth", lectures at the summer school in Nanjing University.
AD 1921, as "Mr. Dewey and China".
In 1922, he served as Dean of Peking University and Acting liberal arts seniors, founder of "effort weekly". In its second phase (May 14, 1922) and Cai Yuanpei, Li Dazhao, Tao Xingzhi, Liang Shuming and other joint published "our political proposition."
In 1924, with Chen Xiying, Wang Shijie founded the "modern commentary" magazine.
AD 1925, February to participate in the Beijing aftermath of the meeting, and participate in the drafting of part of the meeting documents.
In 1926, with his teacher Guo Bingwen and others in the United States initiated the establishment of China and the United States Association. Travel to Britain, France, the United States, Japan.
In 1927, he obtained a doctorate degree in philosophy from Columbia University. And Xu Zhimo and other organizations set up a new bookstore. In Chiang Kai-shek in Shanghai and Song Meiling wedding to meet Chiang Kai-shek.
In 1928, the founder of the "crescent" monthly magazine, as the Chinese public school principals.
In 1929, in the "New Moon" magazine published "human rights and law" article, marking the beginning of the human rights movement, then published "when we can have a constitution - for the founding outline of the question", " A Brief Comment on Sun Yat - sen 's Comment on "Easy to Know" and "New Culture Movement and the Kuomintang".
In 1930, Hu Shi, Luo Longji, Liang Shiqiu three articles on human rights issues for the "Human Rights Collection" to the crescent bookstore published, after the Kuomintang government banned. April 10 in the "we go the way" that: "to eradicate the down is poverty, disease, ignorance, corruption, disrupting the five enemies."
In 1932, he served as Dean of the Faculty of Arts of Peking University and Director of the Department of Chinese Literature, and invited Jiang Tingfu, Ding Wenjiang, Fu Sinian and Weng Wenhao to set up "Independent Review". Hu Shi has written 1309 articles for him.
In 1935, arrived in Hong Kong on January 4, stay five days, mainly to accept the University of Hong Kong honorary doctorate degree. Repeatedly requested as ambassador to Japan unsuccessful.
In 1937, after the July 7 incident, Chiang Kai-shek on August 19, 1937 asked Hu to visit the United States today for US support for China. In 1938, the Chinese ambassador to the United States.
AD 1942, September 8 resigned as ambassador to the United States, living in New York, engaged in academic research.
In 1943, he was appointed Honorary Advisor to the Eastern Library of the United States.
In 1944, lectures at Harvard University in September.
In 1945, representatives of the delegation of the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China attended the United Nations Constituent Assembly in San Francisco and attended the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization in London as the chief representative of the delegation of the Government of the Republic of China to formulate the charter of the organization.
In 1946 July returned to Peking, he served as president of Peking University. On November 28, Chiang Kai-shek proposed "the draft constitution of the Republic of China" to the National Assembly and solemnly gave a lecture on the main points of the meeting, which was accepted by the President of the General Assembly. On December 25, the National Assembly officially approved the adoption of the draft constitution, the National Assembly closed, by Chiang Kai-shek on behalf of the National Government to accept Hu Shi submitted to the Constitution.
On January 24, 1947, Chiang Kai-shek wanted Hu to serve as the examiners of the Republic of China and members of the State Council, but Hu would insist on joining the National Government. In April, Wang Yaowu Ji Ji Xian Lin to Hu Shi to send a letter, to pay tribute and greetings, and invited Hu Shi in convenient time to visit Jinan for academic lectures. Immediately get a reply, Hu agreed to the camera to Jinan and education counterparts to study the Shandong counterparts education.
April 3, 1948 Chiang Kai-shek that the Republic of China Constitution for the cabinet system, the real power in the cabinet, the President of the Republic of China should be virtual, please justice is better, so I would like to call the Chinese Kuomintang support non-party Hu Shi Ming election The first president, such as Hu Shi became president and then appointed Chiang Kai-shek for the Chief Executive of the Republic of China, Hu Shi agreed, but later because of the Kuomintang Executive Council or support Chiang Kai-shek's president and change. November the Chinese People's Liberation Army soldiers north of the city, with radio stations call Hu to leave to serve as president of Peking University, Hu was unmoved, decided to leave Peking. December Peiping North China to suppress the commander Fu Zuoyi invited Hu Shi in Zhongnanhai Huai Ren Tang to discuss is the war and, Hu sent eight words and more than the war, insisted to be changed. December 13 Zhu Jiahua, Fu Si Nian, Yu Dawei, Chen Xueping four people in Nanjing trying to send a plane to take Hu Shi Nan. The insistence on refusing to leave Peking University regardless. December 14 in the persuasion of Nanjing to leave. December 15 at 4 pm, Fu Zuoyi sent troops to escort Hu to Beijing Nanyuan International Airport on the plane. At ten o'clock in the evening arrived at Nanjing Ming Palace Airport.
On March 9, 1949, Chiang Kai-shek sent Chiang Ching-kuo to Shanghai to visit Hu Shi. On April 6, Hu Shih asked for the US government to seek a peaceful solution to the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China from the request of the Government of the Republic of China to take the United States from Shanghai to the United States. April 21, the ship arrived in San Francisco, that April 19, 1949 the government refused to 24 requests from the CPC, the Chinese People's Liberation Army has crossed the river, this time the situation has been set, Hu Shi in the United States everywhere, and published "Communist Party ruled no Free ", travel to the United States, and Zhang Ailing met, forged friendship. "Free China" founded, Hu Shi Ren nominal issuer. June 7, the new chief executive of the Republic of China Yan Xishan issued Hu Shi as foreign minister, but Hu refused to take office.
At the beginning of March 1950, Hu Shi went to Washington to attend the meeting of the China Education and Culture Foundation, and was pushed to the chairman of the meeting. Candidates are Princeton University Director of the East Asia Library. On June 23, the US Assistant Secretary of State for Asia-Pacific Affairs, Dean Rusk, met Hu Shih, trying to persuade Hu to come forward to lead the government of exile and Taiwan's anti-communist pro-United States to replace Chiang Kai-shek's regime.
In 1952, Hu Shi and Jiang Tingfu in New York intends to jointly organize the opposition party in Taiwan to implement democratic politics, but in Hu Shih returned to Chiang Kai-shek after the discussion, was Chiang Kai-shek's opposition, resulting in party failure.
From February to March 1954, sixty-four-year-old Hu Shi went to Taiwan to attend the "second session of the first national assembly" as "temporary chairman".
In 1955, the Chinese mainland set off the criticism of Hu Shi movement, life, reading, new knowledge of the triple bookstore published "Hu Shi thought critical essays compilation", Hu live in the United States to collect the eight books, made a serious comment. And criticized the cause of Hu's movement, according to Geng Yunzhi's argument is: this sentence I think he was in his life, talking about the most gentleman's grace, Hu Shi said that according to Mao Zedong's level of his examination of Peking University is not test, Mao Zedong is very decisive to launch a national scale of the complete criticism of Hu's movement.
In 1957, he served as dean of the Central Research Institute of the Republic of China.
In 1958 April returned to Taiwan to settle in office. Since then, Hu for many hours to and from Taiwan, the United States and the two places. During the period because of economic relations, the "Hu Shiwen election" and "Hu Shi readme" and all other works, buyout way to sell and publish the company.
In 1959, he served as chairman of Taiwan's long-term scientific development committee.
AD 1960, Lei Zhen and Taiwan, Hong Kong people outside the party together against Jiang Zhongzheng violation of the Constitution of the Republic of China three re-president, Hu Shi as one of the joint. Later, Lei Zhen preparations for party affairs, Hu did not participate, but more encouraged. In September 1960, Lei Zhen was arrested for the "spy" case, the name of Lei Zhen event, and this event is generally considered to Chiang Kai-shek to prevent Lei Zhen set new party planning. At that time, he was still the president of the Central Research Institute, although he was not affected by the case, but also involved in the rescue Lei Zhen, but did not succeed. Hu Shi had left three thousand words of the diary description of the beginning and ending.
In February 1961, Hu Shi participated in the banquet of Taiwanese university principal Qian Siliang, who was physically ill when he arrived and sent to the hospital to jump to 135 times. The blood of the sputum was diagnosed as coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. The hospital in February, after home self-support, but the body has become increasingly weak. November illness deteriorated, to the Taiwan University School of Medicine convalescence.
In 1962, he was discharged from the hospital. February 24 at the Central Research Institute opened a cocktail when the heart disease died in Taipei City, Taiwan Province, Nan Gang District, Hu Shi died to get mourning. On the 1st of March, Chiang Kai-shek went to the sacrifice of the sacrifice, and the proclamation of the couple himself, the teacher of eternity, the old morality of the new culture, and the new thought of old ethics. Then Chiang wrote in his diary of Hu's death that he had heard of Hu's heart attack and did a barrier to the cause of revolution.
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