2017年成人高考英語(yǔ)真題及答案解析
在考場(chǎng)上沒有弱者的眼淚只有強(qiáng)者的天下。祝高考成功!下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家推薦的2017年成人高考英語(yǔ)真題，僅供大家參考!
2017年成人高考英語(yǔ)真題第一卷
第一部分：聽力理解(共三節(jié)，30分)
第一節(jié) (共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話你將聽一遍。
例：What is the man going to read?
A.A newspaper. B.A magazine. C.A book.
答案是A。
1.When will the film start?
A.At 5:00. B.At 6:00. C.At 7:00.
2.Which club will the man join?
A.The film club. B.The travel club. C.The sports club.
3.What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?
A.Sunny. B.Windy. C.Snowy.
4.What does the man want to cut out of paper?
A.A fish. B.A bird. C.A monkey.
5.Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A.In a library. B.At a bookstore. C.In a museum.
第二節(jié) (共10小題;每小題1.5分，15分)
聽下面4段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白你將聽兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。
6.Why does the woman make the call?
A.To make an invitation.
B.To ask for information.
C.To discuss a holiday plan .
7.How much does the woman need to pay for the minibus?
A.. B.0. C.0.
聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。
8.What are the two sperkers mainly talking about?
A.Electronic waste. B.Soil pollution. C.Recyling benefits.
9.What does the woman decide to do with her cell phone in the end?
A.Throw it away. B.Keep it at home. C.Sell it to be recycled.
聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。
10.What is the possible relationship between the two sperkers?
A.Friends. B.Wife and husband. C.Business partners.
11.Where does the woman work now?
A.In a school. B.In a restaurant. C.In a travel agency.
12.What are the two sperkers going to do?
A.To take a trip. B.To have a coffee. C.To attend a meeting.
聽第9段材料，回答第13至15題。
13.What has been improved according to the speaker?
A.The train station. B.The bus service. C.The parking lot.
14.How does the speaker get to her office today?
A.By bus and on foot. B.By train and by bus. C.By train and on foot.
15. Who is the speaker?
A. A reporter. B. A policeman. C. A photographer.
第三節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，共7.5分)
聽下面一段對(duì)話，完成第16至20五道小題，每小題僅填寫一個(gè)詞。聽對(duì)話前，你將有20秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。這段對(duì)話你將聽兩遍。
Pick-up Appointment Form
Item(物品) A 16 and some magazines
Destination Overseas to 17
Delivery ☑Air □Regular
Time to pick up 5:00 18 afternoon
Packing A medium box
Customer's information Mr. Hudson 19
89 Street,Chicago, 20
Tel:4159786
1-5 CBCBA 6-10 BBACA 11-15 CBACA
16. dictionary 17. Italy 18. Monday/Mon. 19. Acket / ACKET 20. 15374
第二部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，45 分)
第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)填空(共 15 小題;每小題 1 分，共 15 分)
從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again, ________, we last met more than thirty years ago.
A. What’s more B. That’s to say C. In other words D. Believe it or not
答案是D。
21. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf.
A. must B. should C. can D. need
【答案】C
【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：Samuel，我們班最高的男生，能很輕松地夠著書架頂上的書。表示能力，用can。
22. —Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited.
—No problem.
A. but B. or C. for D. so
【答案】D
【解析】考查連詞。上半句句意：Peter，請(qǐng)給我們寄明信片，因此我們就會(huì)知道你們?nèi)ツ挠斡[過(guò)。前后因果關(guān)系，用so。
23. Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever
【答案】B
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：每年，任何一個(gè)做出最漂亮的風(fēng)箏的人將會(huì)在風(fēng)箏節(jié)獲獎(jiǎng)。_____ makes the most beautiful kite是主語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)意思可知答案。
24. —______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?
—Yes. They are happy with it.
A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling
【答案】A
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：你昨天有沒有給那家公司打電話問問他們對(duì)我們的產(chǎn)品感覺怎么樣?發(fā)生在過(guò)去，用過(guò)去式，故選A。
25. ______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because
【答案】C
26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.
A. why B. where C. how D. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查連詞。句意：Jane漫無(wú)目的地走在兩旁栽樹的街道上，不知道她將去往何方，根據(jù)句意可知選B。
27. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time.
A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved
【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：許多航空公司現(xiàn)在允許乘客網(wǎng)上打印他們的登機(jī)牌來(lái)節(jié)省時(shí)間。動(dòng)詞不定式表目的，選C。
28. If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.
A. because B. though C. until D. since
【答案】C
【解析】考查連詞。句意：如果你無(wú)法理解某個(gè)東西，你可能會(huì)研究，學(xué)習(xí)和他人探討直到你解決為止。根據(jù)句意可知選C。
29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet.
A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented
C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented
【答案】D
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在美國(guó)20世紀(jì)50年代的時(shí)候，大多數(shù)的家庭家里只有一部電話，并且無(wú)線電話還根本沒有發(fā)明出來(lái)。根據(jù)句意可知用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除A和C，事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)，排除B，故選D。學(xué)科網(wǎng)
30. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants.
A. ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged
【答案】A
31. The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
A. that B. as C. where D. when
【答案】A
【解析】考查關(guān)系詞。句意：我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪杏龅降男栴}可能就是偉大發(fā)明的靈感。此句是定語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，先行詞是problems，用that。
32.Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students.
A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent
【答案】D
【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：Jim已經(jīng)退休了，但是他依然記得和學(xué)生一起度過(guò)的快樂時(shí)光。句子已經(jīng)有謂語(yǔ)了，邏輯主語(yǔ)time和spend之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞。
33.People______better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result.
A.will have B. have C. had D. had had
【答案】B
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：人們有著比過(guò)去更好的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)，因此他們更長(zhǎng)壽。與過(guò)去對(duì)比是現(xiàn)在，而且后一句用的就是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，故前面也用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，故選B。
34. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.
A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put
【答案】A
35. Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry.
A. at B. in C. on D. by
【答案】B
【解析】考查介詞。句意：許多住在海邊上的人都是靠漁業(yè)來(lái)謀生的。此處用介詞in。make a living in fishing industry“靠漁業(yè)謀生”。
第二節(jié) 完形填空(共 20 小題;每小題 1.5 分，共 30 分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very 37 .She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could 38 ,but,of course, there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve(解決)the problem of homelessness.
Later ,when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, 39 an old shopping trolley(購(gòu)物車)which was piled with 40 . It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more 41 to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn’ t 43 as bad.
Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to 44 her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foudation ,an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to 45 “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to 46 to the cause. She also organized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone`s spare change during “Make Change” month. More recently, the foundation began another 47 called National Red Scarf Day—a day when people donate and wear red scarves in support of Canada`s 48 and homeless.
There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah`s Place”, something that Hannah is very 49 of. Hannah`s Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that 50 outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51 .For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young people to change the world. But 53 all this, Hannah still has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.
Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the world. You can,too!
36. A. jumping B. eating C. crying D. waving
37. A. annoyed B. nervous C. ashamed D. upset
38. A. behave B. manage C. help D. work
39. A. pushing B. carrying C. buying D. holding
40. A. goods B. bottles C. foods D. bags
41. A. excited B. determined C. energetic D. grateful
42. A. since B. unless C. although D. as
43. A. sound B. get C. feel D. look
44. A. exchange B. leave C. keep D. spread
45. A. sell B. deliver C. host D. pack
46. A. contribute B. lead C. apply D. agree
47. A. campaign B. trip C. procedure D. trial
48. A. elderly B. hungry C. lonely D. sick
49. A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. sure
50 A. going B. sleeping C. traveling D. playing
51. A. praises B. invitations C. replies D. appointments
52. A. needs B. interests C. dreams D. efforts
53. A. for B. through C. besides D. along
54. A. healthy B. public C. normal D. tough
55. A. choice B. profit C. judgement D. difference
【答案】
36-40 BDCAD 41-45 BACDC 46-50AABCB 51-55ADBCD
【解析】
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文講述Hannah Taylor通過(guò)自己的努力來(lái)建立公益組織籌集資金幫助那些無(wú)家可歸忍饑挨餓的人。
39.考查動(dòng)詞。A. pushing推;B. carrying 拿;C. buying買;D. holding握。購(gòu)物車肯定是推著的，故選A。
40.考查名詞。A. goods 貨物;B. bottles瓶子;C. foods 食物;D. bags包。車上堆滿了包，選D。
41.考查形容詞。A. excited 激動(dòng)的;B. determined下決心的;C. energetic精力充沛的;D. grateful感激的。
她更加下定決心做些事幫助這些人，故選B。
42.考查連詞。A. since 自從;B. unless除非;C. although盡管;D. as因?yàn)椤４颂幨侵缸詮乃麄兊谝淮慰吹?/p>
無(wú)家可歸的人，選A。學(xué)科網(wǎng)
43.考查動(dòng)詞。A. sound 聽;B. get獲得;C. feel感覺;D. look看。她就不會(huì)和以前一樣感覺那么糟糕了，故選C。
44.考查動(dòng)詞。A. exchange交換;B. leave 離開;C. keep 保持;D. spread傳播。她希望她的希望和意識(shí)的信
息能夠傳播開來(lái)。故選D。
45.考查動(dòng)詞。由語(yǔ)境可知她希望信息能夠傳播開來(lái)。spread傳播。
46.考查動(dòng)詞。A. contribute 貢獻(xiàn)，捐獻(xiàn);B. lead領(lǐng)導(dǎo);C. apply 申請(qǐng)，應(yīng)用;D. agree同意。她試圖勸說(shuō)那
些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能為這個(gè)事業(yè)做出奉獻(xiàn)，選A。
47.考查名詞。A. campaign 運(yùn)動(dòng);B. trip 旅行;C. procedure過(guò)程;D. trial實(shí)驗(yàn)。此處指又一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，故選A。
48.考查形容詞。A. elderly 年紀(jì)大的;B. hungry饑餓的;C. lonely孤獨(dú)的;D. sick生病的。此處是指為那
些饑餓的人和無(wú)家可歸的人，選B。
49.考查形容詞。A. aware意識(shí)的;B. afraid害怕的;C. proud驕傲的;D. sure肯定的。此處是指Hannah非
常驕傲的東西，故選C。
50.考查動(dòng)詞。A. going 去;B. sleeping睡; C. traveling旅行;D. playing玩。當(dāng)天冷到在室外睡覺就意味
著死的時(shí)候，故選B。
51.考查名詞。A. praises贊美;B. invitations邀請(qǐng);C. replies回復(fù);D. appointments約會(huì)。她收到了很多的
贊美。因?yàn)橄挛挠羞@方面的舉例，答案為A。
2017年成人高考英語(yǔ)真題第二卷
第三部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，40 分)
第一節(jié) (共 15 小題;每小題 2 分，共 30 分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(發(fā)抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn’t know each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.
Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,“Paris’s eye rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”
It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?”
CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly.
Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR, “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylor.
Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris’ heartbeat returned.
“I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life.”
Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.
Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”
56.What happened to Paris on a March day?
A. She caught a bad cold.
B. She had a sudden heart problem.
C. She was knocked down by a ball.
D. She shivered terribly during practice
57.Why does Paris say she was lucky?
A. She made a worthy friend.
B. She recovered from shock.
C. She received immediate CPR.
D. She came back on the softball team.
58.Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?
A. Enthusiastic and kind.
B. Courageous and calm.
C. Cooperative and generous.
D. Ambitious and professional.
【答案】56 B 57 C 58 B
【解析】
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】講述Taylor Bisbee通過(guò)及時(shí)的CPR挽救了一位學(xué)生的生命。
56.根據(jù)文章第三段It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure.可知答案為B。
57. 根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life”可知她被別人通過(guò)心臟復(fù)蘇救了
回來(lái)，因此很幸運(yùn)，選C。
58.通過(guò)她救Paris這件事可知她很勇敢，很鎮(zhèn)靜，不慌不忙，故選B。
B
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Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.
The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.
But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.
That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.
The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.
Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(決定不參加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering zxxk kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption(豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.
Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.
Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.
63.The first two paragraphs suggest that ____________.
A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend
B.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention
C.anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons
D.information about measles spreads quickly
64.Herd immunity works well when ____________.
A.exemptions are allowed
B.several vaccines are used together
C.the whole neighborhood is involved in
D.new regulations are added to the state laws
65.What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?
A.The overuse of vaccine.
B.The lack of medical care.
C.The features of measles itself.
D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people.
66.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To introduce the idea of exemption.
B.To discuss methods to cure measles.
C.To stress the importance of vaccination.
D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.
【答案】63 A 64 C 65 D 66 C
D
Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪惡) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics(控制論), put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干預(yù)), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”
A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.
The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.
Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子誘導(dǎo)) nuclear chain reaction.
67. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may .
A. run out of human control
B. satisfy human’s real desires
C. command armies of killer robots
D. work faster than a mathematician
68. Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to .
A. prevent themselves from being destroyed
B achieve their original goals independently
C. do anything successfully with given orders
D. beat humans in international chess matches
69. According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to .
A. help super intelligent machines work better
B. be secure against evil human beings
C. keep machines from being harmed
D. avoid robots’ affecting the world
70. What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?
A. It will disappear with the development of AI.
B. It will get worse with human interference.
C. It will be solved but with difficulty.
D. It will stay for a decade.
【答案】67 A 68 A 69 D 70 C
【解析】
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹了人工智能。
69.根據(jù)第三段using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.可知不要
讓他們影響現(xiàn)實(shí)世界，故選D。
70.根據(jù)最后一段Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.
可知作者認(rèn)為可以解決但是很困難，選C。
第二節(jié) (共 5 小題;每小題 2 分，共 10 分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 71
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加強(qiáng)) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神經(jīng)元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 73
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night`s, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
【答案】71C 72E 73F 74G 75B
【解析】
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文講述了睡眠的重要性。
73.根據(jù)下文中的he，可知此處要提到一個(gè)人，以及他的理論故選F。
74.根據(jù)下文中提到的關(guān)鍵詞synapses in the mice可知，他肯定做了老鼠的實(shí)驗(yàn)，答案為G。
75.根據(jù)后一句提到的You keep what matters,你記住重要的東西，可知大腦會(huì)把最重要的記憶保存下來(lái)，故選B。
第四部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，35 分)
第一節(jié) (15分)
你的英國(guó)朋友Jim所在的學(xué)校要組織學(xué)生來(lái)中國(guó)旅行，有兩條線路可以選擇：“長(zhǎng)江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim來(lái)信希望你能給些建議。請(qǐng)你給他回信，內(nèi)容包括：
1.你建議的線路;
2.你的理由;
3.你的祝愿。
注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50;
2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
I’m happy receive your letter and know you’re coming to China.
Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are highly recommended. Personally, I prefer the tour along the Yangtze, the longest river and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization. You can learn a lot about the history of China and Chinese people. Moreover, the scenery along the river is amazing, with many well-known sightseeing spots. That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.
Hope you’ll have a good time in China.
Yours
Li Hua
第二節(jié) (20 分)
假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，記錄畢業(yè)前夕你們制作以“感恩母校”為主題的畢業(yè)紀(jì)念視頻的全過(guò)程。
注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。
提示詞：視頻 video
【答案】
Graduation finally came. My classmates and I decided to do something. After a heated discussion, we agreed on making a video to record our experiences at school.
Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life. The editing part after that was tough. We debated over what to put into the video. Some compromises were unavoidable, but the video turned out perfect. Several days later, when the video was played on the graduation ceremony, it was well received. The students and teachers shared a great time. That surely gave us a great sense of achievement.
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