2023年全國(guó)新高考一卷英語(yǔ)試題及參考答案
2023新高考一卷二卷都是由教育部依據(jù)同一份考試大綱命制的，兩份試卷的試題結(jié)構(gòu)基本相同，區(qū)別不大。下面小編為大家?guī)?lái)2023年全國(guó)新高考一卷英語(yǔ)試題及參考答案，希望對(duì)您有所幫助!
2023年全國(guó)新高考一卷英語(yǔ)試題
本試卷共 12 頁(yè)?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后 , 將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
注意事項(xiàng) : 1. 答題前 , 考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫(xiě)清楚 , 將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。
2. 選擇題必須使用 2B 鉛筆填涂 ; 非選擇題必須使用 0.5 毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě) , 字體工整、筆跡清楚。
3. 請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答 , 超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效 ; 在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。
4. 作圖可先使用鉛筆畫(huà)出 , 確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。
5. 保持卡面清潔 , 不要折疊 , 不要弄破、弄皺 , 不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。
第一部分 聽(tīng)力( 1-20 小題)在筆試結(jié)束后進(jìn)行。(共 5 小題 ; 每小題 1.5 分 , 滿分 7.5 分)
聽(tīng)下面 5 段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題 , 從題中所給的 A 、 B 、 C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后 , 你都有 10 秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. ?19.15. B. ?9.18. C. ?9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What will Jack probably do this weekend?
A. Go camping. B. Visit a friend. C. Watch a film.
2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Take care of her bags.
B. Pack the food for her.
C. Check the train schedule.
3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
When will the man see Bob?
A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. Next Monday.
4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
Why does the man apologize?
A. For the terrible food.
B. For the overcharge.
C. For the waiter’s rudeness.
5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. Writing a book. B. Holding a celebration. C. Buying a present.
第二節(jié)(共 15 小題 ; 每小題 1.5 分 , 滿分 22.5 分)
聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
6. Why does Sara make the phone call?
A. To ask for advice. B. To arrange an outing. C. To cancel an appointment.
7. What does David want to do?
A. Go to a dinner party. B. Talk to Sara in person. C. Work on the new case.
聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
8. Where is Jim now?
A. In a taxi. B. On a bus. C. In his office.
9. What is the woman’s suggestion?
A. Going to the city center.
B. Taking a short cut home.
C. Meeting Jim in the park.
聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
10. What did Clara do at the weekend?
A. She planted vegetables.
B. She went to a yard sale.
C. She visited her grandpa.
11. What did Mark find inside one of the books he bought?
A. A plane ticket. B. A family photo. C. A post card.
12. Where does Mark live?
A. Los Angeles. B. Chicago. C. Philadelphia.
13. What is the relationship between Mark and Ashley?
A. Brother and sister. B. Husband and wife. C. Father and daughter.
聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
14. What is probably the woman?
A. A teacher. B. A journalist. C. An athlete.
15. What does Victor find difficult as a member of the basketball team?
A. Adapting himself to the intense training.
B. Dealing with the pressure from the coach.
C.Regaining the skills learned in high school.
16. What does Victor say about the players on the team?
A. They are of the same age.
B. They are similar in character.
C. They are from different countries.
17. How does Victor feel about his team now?
A. It’s about to break up. B. It’s the best in Indiana. C. It’s getting stronger.
聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
18. Who is Tom Hokinson?
A. Founder of a magazine. B. Publisher of a novel. C. Editor of a newspaper.
19. What do we know about the content of The Idler?
A. It’s old-fashioned. B. It’s wide-ranging. C. It’s student-targeted.
20. Why does the speaker give the talk?
A. To do a promotion. B. To discuss an issue. C. To introduce a lecturer.
第二部分 閱讀 ( 共兩節(jié)，滿分 50 分 )
第一節(jié) ( 共 15 小題 ; 每小題 2.5 分，滿分 37.5 分 )
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (剎車), bikes with hand brake and gears (排擋), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three GearsFoot Brake, No Gears
1 hour?7.50?5.00
3 hours?11.00?7.50
1 day (24 hours)?14.75?9.75
Each additional day?8.00?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
21. What is an advantage of MacBike?
A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
22. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
23. Where does the guided city tour start?
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture,medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (細(xì)菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
27. What is the basis for John’s work?
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培養(yǎng)) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (獨(dú)處) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.
28. What is the book aimed at?
A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
D
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (轉(zhuǎn)折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?
A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
33. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.
A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent
34. What did the follow-up study focus on?
A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.
35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?
A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
第二節(jié) ( 共 5 小題 ; 每小題 2.5 分，滿分 12.5 分 )
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯錯(cuò)) is human. ____36____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____37____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____38____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____39____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陳詞濫調(diào)) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____40____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用 ( 共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分 )
第一節(jié) ( 共 15 小題 ; 每小題 1 分，滿分 15 分 )
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____41____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____42____ came because she was carrying a ____43____ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____44____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____45____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____46____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____47____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____49____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____50____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more ____51____ about why her act is considered a big ____52____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____53____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the ____54____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the ____55____ of human kindness won the day.
41.A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
44. A. race B. school C. town D. training
45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
2023年全國(guó)新高考一卷英語(yǔ)試題及參考答案
本試卷共 12 頁(yè)。考試結(jié)束后 , 將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
注意事項(xiàng) : 1. 答題前 , 考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫(xiě)清楚 , 將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。
2. 選擇題必須使用 2B 鉛筆填涂 ; 非選擇題必須使用 0.5 毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě) , 字體工整、筆跡清楚。
3. 請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答 , 超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效 ; 在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。
4. 作圖可先使用鉛筆畫(huà)出 , 確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。
5. 保持卡面清潔 , 不要折疊 , 不要弄破、弄皺 , 不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。
第一部分 聽(tīng)力( 1-20 小題)在筆試結(jié)束后進(jìn)行。(共 5 小題 ; 每小題 1.5 分 , 滿分 7.5 分)
聽(tīng)下面 5 段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題 , 從題中所給的 A 、 B 、 C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后 , 你都有 10 秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. ?19.15. B. ?9.18. C. ?9.15.
答案是C。
【1題答案】
【答案】C
【2題答案】
【答案】A
【3題答案】
【答案】B
【4題答案】
【答案】B
【5題答案】
【答案】C
第二節(jié)(共 15 小題 ; 每小題 1.5 分 , 滿分 22.5 分)
【6~7題答案】
【答案】6. C 7. B
【8~9題答案】
【答案】8. A 9. B
【10~13題答案】
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C 13. A
【14~17題答案】
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C 17. C
【18~20題答案】
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. A
高考英語(yǔ)答題有什么技巧
高考英語(yǔ)答題閱讀：
找主題句、抓關(guān)鍵詞
1、主旨大意題：抓主題句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主題句一般出現(xiàn)在文章的開(kāi)頭或結(jié)尾，或是在各段落的段首/段尾。若無(wú)明確主題句，則找關(guān)鍵詞(出現(xiàn)頻率較高), 歸納總結(jié)。
2、細(xì)節(jié)理解題：這類題目的共同特點(diǎn)是：答案一般都能在文章中找到，需要抓關(guān)鍵詞，在文中定位。首先考生需要在題干中找到關(guān)鍵詞，然后根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞在原文中定位到相關(guān)句群，在原文的句群中尋找正確答案/排除錯(cuò)誤答案。
3、推理判斷題：考生需要掌握文章的整體框架，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注主題關(guān)鍵詞，或表現(xiàn)作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的詞?？忌仨氁蚤喿x原文為依據(jù)，切莫主觀臆斷，不能以自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的想法。
4、詞義猜測(cè)題：著重關(guān)注上下文(尤其是前后句)中的對(duì)應(yīng)詞，如邏輯關(guān)系提示、同義詞和反義詞。
高考英語(yǔ)有什么答題技巧
英語(yǔ)閱讀理解答題
1、先看問(wèn)題再讀
帶著問(wèn)題閱讀文章。閱讀材料問(wèn)題的設(shè)置往往都非常巧妙，它集中反映了文章的基本信息，先把問(wèn)題看一遍，帶著問(wèn)題閱讀全文，能有針對(duì)性的切入，找到突破點(diǎn)。
2、標(biāo)出主題句
找準(zhǔn)主題句，把握文章脈絡(luò)。主題句對(duì)全文起到提示、啟迪、概括和歸納的作用，一些主旨大意題、歸納概括題等，往往可以直接從主題句中找到答案。
3、標(biāo)出關(guān)鍵詞。
關(guān)鍵詞能反應(yīng)文中的主要事實(shí)和特定細(xì)節(jié)，大部分是名詞、動(dòng)詞或其他重要的修飾詞，在閱讀時(shí)可以把他們標(biāo)注出來(lái)。此外，還要特別注意and、or等表示并列關(guān)系的詞和but、however、ontheotherhand、though等表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞，以及so、therefore、sothat等表示因果關(guān)系的詞。
英語(yǔ)答題方法
英語(yǔ)答題語(yǔ)法填空
關(guān)于語(yǔ)法填空，首先，單詞請(qǐng)一定要記準(zhǔn)確，如果好不容易想出答案可是拼錯(cuò)了，那就真的是太慘了;其次，就是要多多練習(xí)，將常見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)記錄下來(lái);最后，做題目時(shí)一定要小心，要保持頭腦的清醒，注意大小寫(xiě)。這類型的題目是高考中極易失分的地方，而且也沒(méi)有什么特別的套路可走，只能老老實(shí)實(shí)多刷題了。