2019雅思考試指導(dǎo)-寫作要如何突出句子的重點(diǎn)
想要拿到寫作高分，句子就必須是有用的，有效的句子就要有重點(diǎn)，并且要突出重點(diǎn)。下面就讓我們一起來看下雅思寫作如何突出句子重點(diǎn)吧。
如何突出句子重點(diǎn)
Part.1 把重點(diǎn)擺在句首或句尾。
一般而論，最顯眼的位置是在“句尾，其次是在句首，中間的位置最平淡，乏善可陳。例如：
(1) Incorrect grammar and improper construction invariably distract readers'attention.
(2) The history of vocabulary is, in many ways, the record of civilisation.
把重點(diǎn)放在句尾是種“吊胃口”的方法，讀者或聽者非得讀完或聽完整句不可。
Part.2 在復(fù)雜句里，把主句放在從句之后。
除了名詞從句和形容詞從句之外，因?yàn)樗鼈兾恢幂^固定，副詞從句中有幾種的位置靈活，可以在主句之前出現(xiàn)，
也可以跟在主句之后。通常我們就把這樣的副詞從句提前，重點(diǎn)則放在后頭的主句，如(3b)：
(3a) I came upon an old classmate when I went to town yesterday.
(3b) When I went to town yesterday, I came upon an old classmate.
副詞短語更是如此，如 (4b):
(4a) Steel is commonly used to make knives, razors and other useful tools because of its durability.
(4b) Beacuse of its durability, steel is commonly used to make knives,razers and other useful tools.
Part.3 把較重要或有分量的
詞語放在后頭，如(5b)和(6b)：
(5a) I was delighted and amused by the classical opera
(5b) I was amused and delighted by the classical opera.
(6a) That singer's life was tragic and brief.
(6b) That singer's life was brief and tragic.
Part.4 把句子中一系列的
項(xiàng)目作邏輯性的排列。
例如：
(7) Tony ate his dinner, watched TV, and then went to bed.
(8) Were you bored with years of study in elementary school, high school and institute of higher education?
Part.5 必要時(shí)，重復(fù)重要的語詞或概念。
例如：
(9) Jackie enjoys the company of ladies. He likes their beauty, he likes their delicacy, he likes their vivacity,
and he likes their silence.
(10) ...the land stretched out without names. Nameless headlands split the surf; nameless lakes reflected the
nameless mountains and nameless rivers flowed through nameless valleys and nameless bays.
寫作技巧：你能猜到這結(jié)尾嗎?
一個(gè)漂亮而又簡(jiǎn)潔的結(jié)尾對(duì)于高分大作文來說無疑是必須的，盡管最終評(píng)分的主要依據(jù)并不是由結(jié)尾段決定的，但是結(jié)尾段的出色完成對(duì)于一篇成功的學(xué)術(shù)類大作文是不可或缺的。
回顧全文+觀點(diǎn)+展望：
這種結(jié)尾方式比較適合于雙邊結(jié)構(gòu)的作文，在這種寫法中，我們要注意的是結(jié)尾段由三個(gè)要素組成，其中第2個(gè)要素是必須的 ，但是句子的數(shù)量可以是3句也可以是2句甚至1個(gè)句子。首先我們來看一個(gè)例子：
I agree that we need to make sure that animals that are used for testing new products have the minimum of suffering. However, I am convinced that animal testing is necessary, and that it will continue to benefit humans in new and wonderful ways。
上面這個(gè)例句中，作者將自己的觀點(diǎn)隱藏在了一個(gè)賓語從句之后，起到了一個(gè)欲揚(yáng)先抑的效果。但是這種效果必須搭配一個(gè)展望未來才能起到渲染的效果。我們來對(duì)比另外一個(gè)例子：
In conclusion, physical punishment can be a useful method of discipline. However, it should be the last choice for parents. If we want to build a world with less violence we must begin at home, and we must teach our children to be responsible。
大家不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，2個(gè)句子都使用了相似的銜接方式，即首句委婉地回顧全文，將觀點(diǎn)的對(duì)立面用"讓步"的方式表達(dá)出來，同時(shí)也是對(duì)于主體段觀點(diǎn)的回顧。然后再是用轉(zhuǎn)折闡述自己的看法和觀點(diǎn)。最后再用一個(gè)對(duì)于未來的期望來支撐自己的觀點(diǎn)。這種順序安排的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于對(duì)于文章的主體有很好的總結(jié)，但同時(shí)觀點(diǎn)又是非常鮮明有力的，加上對(duì)于未來的潤(rùn)色，使得表達(dá)更流暢。用同樣的方法，我們?cè)賮砜吹谌齻€(gè)例句：
To sum up, although there are undoubtedly some problems with increased levels of education, I feel strongly that the country can only progress if all its people are educated to the maximum of their ability。
和前2個(gè)結(jié)尾不同，第三個(gè)結(jié)尾盡管也是先回顧了全文，但是它將作者的觀點(diǎn)和對(duì)未來的期望寫在了一個(gè)條件狀語從句里。如此就給出了我們?cè)跇?gòu)造"展望未來"時(shí)的一個(gè)思路，即搭配條件狀語從句或者介賓短語跟在觀點(diǎn)句之后。此種結(jié)尾發(fā)展方式同樣適用于分析解決型大作文的結(jié)尾段布局，比如：
All in all, although the problem of drugs may seem impossible to eliminate, there are concrete steps that can be taken to weaken the hold of drugs on society. The danger from drugs is too great to ignore。
對(duì)于毒品對(duì)社會(huì)的危害，作者先是承認(rèn)現(xiàn)狀的無法改變，進(jìn)而樂觀地闡述了自己的觀點(diǎn)即采取了切實(shí)有效的行動(dòng)后可以減弱其危害。最后用毒品的危害性來對(duì)未來作展望。換句話說，在社會(huì)類分析解決型議論文中，我們?cè)谡雇磥頃r(shí)可以考慮用強(qiáng)調(diào)其長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的影響作為突破口。又如：
In short, there are several things that the government can do to allow more people to finish school. However, a number of society attitudes also have to change if the country's people are to achieve their full potential。
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