仁愛版八年級英語上冊期中考試復(fù)習(xí)資料(2)
仁愛版八年級英語上冊期中考試復(fù)習(xí)資料
133、stay in bed臥床休息
134、have a sleep 睡覺 have a good sleep 睡個好覺
135、look pale看起來臉色蒼白
136、feel terrible感覺不舒服
137、day and night日日夜夜
138、have a rest 休息 have a good rest 好好休息
139、have a sore throat (患)喉嚨痛 have a terrible sore throat喉嚨痛得厲害
140、lie down 躺下來 [ 不能加賓語 ] 如:You’d better lie down and rest.
141、hot tea with honey (帶有蜂蜜的熱茶)
142、too much candy太多糖果 [ too much + 不可數(shù)名詞]
143、so much candy 這么多糖果
144、twice a day 每天兩次
145、on the Internet 用因特網(wǎng),通過因特網(wǎng)
146、so long 這么久, 那么久
147、take care of 照顧 take good care of好好照顧
148、build up 使……更強(qiáng)壯, 增強(qiáng)……體質(zhì) [ 及物動詞+副詞 ]
①賓語是名詞,可中可后
build my friend up = build up my friend
②代詞作賓語只能放中間
build me up
149、check over給……做體檢/健康檢查;核對,檢查
“及物動詞+副詞”的結(jié)構(gòu):
?、?名詞作賓語可中可后
如check over Li Ming = check Li Ming over
?、诖~作賓語只能放中間 如 check him over
注:賓語可以是人或物。
150、worry about sth./sb. 擔(dān)心某事/某人
“不及物動詞+介詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)
賓語不管是名詞還是代詞,都只能放在介詞后面
如 worry about him/Li Ming 擔(dān)心他/李明
worry about my weight 擔(dān)心我體重
151、be glad to do sth. 樂意做某事
152、make one’s bed 整理床鋪 如 make my bed
153、keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事 keep sb. doing sth.讓某人一直做某事
154、at least 至少, 不少于
155、boiled water 開水
156、a symbol of… (……的標(biāo)志) 例a symbol of the Olympic Games
157、take a pill 服藥片/藥丸
158、nothing serious 沒什么嚴(yán)重的
[“不定代詞(something, nothing, anything) +形容詞” (形容詞要放在不定代詞的后面 ),如 I have something important to say. 我有一些重要的事情要說。 ]
159、return to +某地(回到某地) 如 return to Shanghai回到上海
當(dāng)“某地”是副詞時,不用介詞to:
return home 回家,return here回到這里,return there回到那里
160、call a taxi 叫出租車
161、have an accident 發(fā)生一場事故
162、take him to the hospital帶他去醫(yī)院
take sb. to +某地 (帶某人去某地)
當(dāng)“某地”是副詞時,不用to:
如 take me home帶我回家, take me there帶我去那里
163、hurt可作及物動詞,也可作不及物動詞:
I hurt my left leg. 我傷到我的左腿。 [hurt為及物動詞]
賓語
My left leg hurts. 我左腿疼。 [hurt為不及物動詞]
164、look after myself照顧我自己
165、ask for two weeks’ leave 請兩天的假
166、return to school 回到學(xué)校上課
167、have a bad weekend 度過一個糟糕的周末
168、after that 之后
169、feel sleepy感到很困倦 [ feel +形容詞]
170、eat too little 吃太少 eat too much吃太多
171、take some medicine 服一些藥
172、①have a big breakfast吃一頓豐盛的早餐
[breakfast有big修飾可理解為種類,即什么樣的早餐,所以可以加a ]
?、趆ave breakfast 吃早餐 [ 不用冠詞 ]
173、stay up late at night晚上熬夜
174、go to bed early早睡 get up late晚起 get up early早起
175、keep fingernails long 留長指甲 [ keep sth./sb. +形容詞 ]
176、wash hands before meals飯前洗手
177、play sports right after meals飯后立即運(yùn)動
①play sports進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動
?、趓ight after… (……之后馬上……;就在……之后)
178、go to school without breakfast 不吃早飯去上學(xué)
179、brush teeth twice a day 一天刷兩次牙 [刷牙記得用復(fù)數(shù)形式teeth ]
180、have a bath洗澡
181、an article about smoking 一篇關(guān)于吸煙的文章
[ 介詞后面的動詞要變成動名詞,才能作介詞的賓語 ]
182、in the newspaper 在報紙上
183、give up smoking戒煙
184、read in the sun在陽光下看書
185、throw litter around 亂扔垃圾
186、enough water足夠的水 enough books足夠的書
[enough作為形容詞,后面要接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,不可以接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式。比如不可以說enough book ]
【注意】enough的位置:
enough作為形容詞,修飾名詞時可前可后。但意思有點(diǎn)不一樣:
?、賅e have enough food for this week.
我們這周的食物夠了。
?、赪e have food enough for this week.
我們這周的食物綽綽有余。
enough作副詞時,只能放在形容詞或副詞的后面:
warm enough 足夠暖和
carefully enough 足夠仔細(xì)
187、during the day 在白天 [ 相當(dāng)于 in the daytime ]
188、get headaches患頭痛 get a headache患頭痛
189、a pain in your head 在你的頭部的疼痛
190、work too hard工作太努力
191、get enough sleep 獲得足夠的睡眠 [sleep在這里是不可數(shù)名詞]
192、exercise for a long time 做運(yùn)動很久 [exercise在這里作動詞]
193、exercise on an empty stomach 空腹鍛煉 [exercise在這里作動詞]
194、get into the human body 進(jìn)入人體
195、cause diseases 引起疾病
196、through the nowe通過鼻子 through the mouth通過口腔
197、through the skin通過皮膚
198、have an illness 生病 [ illness和disease都可作可數(shù)名詞]
區(qū)別:disease指具體的某種疾病 illness泛指不健康的狀態(tài)
199、keep the air fresh保持空氣清新
200、tidy our rooms整理我們的房間
201、sweep the floor掃地 注意與clean的區(qū)別:
sweep專指清掃地上的垃圾或灰塵,而clean包括各種方式的清潔。
202、in public當(dāng)眾,公開地 spit in public在公共場所吐痰
203、as we know眾所周知
204、help make us strong有助于使我們強(qiáng)壯
205、become sick 生病 [ become +形容詞]
同義:be ill [ 強(qiáng)調(diào)生病的狀態(tài)]
have an illness, fall ill, become sick [強(qiáng)調(diào)從健康到生病的轉(zhuǎn)變]
206、every night每天晚上 every day每天 every week 每周
207、less than… (少于…… ) 例 less than 7 hours 少于7小時
more than… (超過……) 例 more than two days 超過2天
208、less than three times a week 每星期少于3次
209、once一次 twice兩次 three times 三次 four times四次 ……
210、on TV在電視上播放 例 Dad is on TV!爸爸上電視了!
211、go ahead開始做,著手干
212、among people在人們之間 注意與between的區(qū)別:
among三者或三者以上的人或物之間, between兩者之間
213、these days這幾天 those days 那幾天
214、keep our rooms clean保持房間干凈
215、all the time一直,始終
216、take one’s advice接受某人的建議 如 take your advice
217、keep away from crowded places 遠(yuǎn)離人多擁擠的地方
①keep away from… 遠(yuǎn)離…… ②place是可數(shù)名詞
218、drink lots of boiled water喝許多開水
219、take some cold pills 吃些感冒藥
220、lie down and take a good rest 躺下來好好休息
221、go to crowded places去人多擁擠的地方
222、examine a patient 檢查病人
223、ring up 給……打電話 [及物動詞+副詞]
?、倜~做賓語,可中可后 ring up John = ring John up
?、诖~作賓語只能放中間 ring him up
224、an hour later一小時以后
225、phone his father’s office往他父親的辦公室打電話
[ phone sb./ call sb./ring sb. 打電話給某人:phone用在英國語語比美國英語普通,call美國英語和英國英語都常用,ring比phone和call不正式]
226、leave a message 留口信 take a message 捎口信
227、give him the message = give the message to him
228、call him back 給他回電話 [ call sb. back 給某人回電話 ]
229、give a talk 做報告 have a talk聽報告
230、on time按時,準(zhǔn)時
231、give a talk to the students給學(xué)生們做報告
232、make you fat使你/你們肥胖 make you unhealthy使你/你們不健康
233、stay safe 保持安全 [ stay +形容詞,意為“保持……”]
234、first aid 急救 [名詞]
235、on the other hand另一方面
236、avoid smoking and drinking遠(yuǎn)離煙酒
[ ①avoid sth. ②avoid doing sth. 避免……]
237、[ make sb./sth.+動詞原形]
make something happen使某事發(fā)生
make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
238、try to do sth. 設(shè)法做某事,努力做某事,試圖做某事 [可能不成功]
try not to do sth.設(shè)法不做某事
239、talk in groups分組討論
240、break out爆發(fā),突然發(fā)生 [不加賓語]
241、lose one’s life 喪生 例lose his life 注意:lose過去式為lost
save one’s life 挽救某人的生命
242、stay at home待在家
243、learn by oneself 自學(xué) [相當(dāng)于teach oneself]
例 I learn English by myself. = I teach myself English. 我自學(xué)英語。
244、take an active part in… 積極參加……
246、care for sb. 照顧某人 [不及物動詞+介詞]
賓語不論是名詞還是代詞,都只能放在介詞的后面。
相當(dāng)于 look after, take care of
247、most students 大多數(shù)學(xué)生
248、during those days 在那些日子里
249、be afraid of sth./sb. 害怕某物/某人
250、give me another one給我另外一個
251、pass the exam通過考試 fail the exam考試沒通過
252、this time這次,next time下次,last time上次
253、get a cold 得了感冒 相當(dāng)于have a cold
254、buy her a pen = buy a pen for her 給她買了一支鋼筆
255、break the window打壞窗戶
256、hand in 交上…… [及物動詞+副詞]
①賓語是名詞,可中可后
hand in your homework = hand your homework in交家庭作業(yè)
②賓語是代詞,只能放中間
hand it/them in
257、look for 尋找 [強(qiáng)調(diào)找的動作和過程]
find找到 [強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果]
258、bring it to me 把它帶來給我 [bring sth. to sb.把某物帶來給某人]
bring sth. to sb. = bring sb. sth.
例 bring a book to me = bring me a book
注意:我們可以說bring it to me,但不可以說bring me it
即帶來的某物是代詞時,只能用bring sth. to sb.的句型。
259、some of his classmates 他的一些同班同學(xué)
260、have a look看一看 have a look at sth./sb.看一看某物/某人
261、do the same sports 做同樣的運(yùn)動
the same的用法:① +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞② +復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞③+不可數(shù)名詞
例 the same book, the same things, the same quality (相同的品質(zhì))
262、learn to skate學(xué)會滑冰 [learn to do sth.學(xué)會做某事]
263、every four years 每四年一次
[every后面一般加單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,但也可以加“數(shù)詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式”]
264、the most popular sport最受歡迎的運(yùn)動
265、put away 把……收起來放好 [ 及物動詞+副詞]
?、儋e語是名詞,可中可后
put medicine away = put away medicine
②賓語是代詞,只能放中間
put it/them away
266、since then從那時起
267、hurry up趕快,快點(diǎn)
268、just a moment請稍等,稍等一會兒
269、a kind of… 一種……
270、do sth. by mistake 錯誤地做某事
271、on business 出差
272、in different ways 以不同的方式
273、talk with sb. 和某人交談
274、catch the flu 患流感
仁愛版八年級英語上冊期中考試復(fù)習(xí)資料:重要句型
1、be going to+動詞原形,be為am,is或are時,為一般將來時態(tài),表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。
?、俦硎敬蛩?、計劃做某事 (有時譯成“要做某事”)
如I am going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.
②根據(jù)一定跡象,預(yù)測將發(fā)生某事。
如Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain.
2、①see sb. do sth.意為“看見某人做某事”。
表示看見事件、行動的全過程,動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束。
表示經(jīng)常看到某人做某事也要用see sb. do sth.
如I saw her cross the road.
I often see you play basketball after school.
?、趕ee sb. doing sth. 意為“看到某人正在做某事”
強(qiáng)調(diào)事件、行動正在進(jìn)行。
如 I saw her dancing at this time yesterday.
昨天這個時候我看見她正在跳舞。
3、hope+賓語從句
如 I hope our team will win. 我希望我們的隊會贏。
4、Me, too. 我也一樣。
5、— Which sport do you prefer, cycling or rowing?
(騎自行車和劃船相比,你更喜歡哪種運(yùn)動?)
— I prefer rowing.
6、— Do you row much? (你經(jīng)常劃船嗎?)
— Yes, quite a bit/quite a lot./ No, seldom .
(是的,常常。/不,很少。)
7、I like Yao Ming best. 我最喜歡姚明。(三個或三個以上在比較)
I like Yao Ming better.我比較喜歡姚明。(兩個在比較)
8、Do you know anything about him?
?、倏隙ň溆胹omething,如I’d like to have something to eat.
?、诜穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡柧溆胊nything,
如 I don’t want to eat anything.
Do you know anything about him?
?、鄣绻潜硎菊埱蠡蚪ㄗh的疑問句要用something。
如 Would you like something to drink?
What about something to eat?
9、He and McGrady both play for the Houston Rockets in the NBA.
①“兩者”用both,“三者或三者以上”用all
?、?play for a team為某球隊效力
in a team(英式英語)在某球隊打球
on a team(美式英語)在某球隊打球
10、I’m going to be a basketball player like him. [ like him作后置定語]
我打算成為像他一樣的籃球選手。
11、What are you going to be when you grow up? 你長大以后想當(dāng)什么?
“When+一個句子”,英語里把它稱為“由when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句”,用來表示什么時候。 當(dāng)主句是一般將來時態(tài)時,時間狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來。如本句中的“when you grow up”用的是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),來表示將來(長大以后)。
【注意】有些個別單詞(如 want, can等等)雖然用的是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),但表示的也是將來的事,這時候時間狀語從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來。
如:I want to be a doctor when I grow up.
(相當(dāng)于I am going to be a doctor when I grow up.)
He hopes to be a singer when he grows up.我們長大以后就可以開車。
12、He is one of the best runners in the world.
①one of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,意為“……之一”
②“one of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式”作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。如 One of the students is my good friend.
【解析】 有的同學(xué)看到the students是復(fù)數(shù)的,就以為要用are,其實(shí)應(yīng)該用is才對。為什么要用is呢,因為介詞短語of the students是作后置定語(修飾one),one才是主語,所以要用單數(shù)的is。
再如:One of them plays basketball every day.
主語是one,所以謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
13、She won two gold medals twice.
她贏得兩枚金牌贏了兩次。(所以總共是贏得四枚金牌)
14、Liu Xiang took part in both the Athens and Beijing Olympics.
“both…and…”用來連接兩個并列成份。當(dāng)它連接兩個并列主語是,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如 Both Li Ming and I are students.
15、She spends half an hour doing exercise in the gym every day.
?、舠pend…(in) doing sth. 花費(fèi)……(時間/金錢)做某事
?、苨pend…on sth. 花費(fèi)……(時間/金錢)在某事物上
例:①She spends half an hour (in) doing exercise in the gym every day.
= She spends half an hour on exercise in the gym every day.
②She spends a lot of money (in)buying clothes.
=She spends a lot of money on clothes.
16、Now she plays baseball pretty well. 現(xiàn)在她棒球打得相當(dāng)好。
[pretty well用來說明打棒球打得怎么樣]
17、She is good at jumping.
be good at sth. / doing sth.
如 ①She is good at English. 她擅長英語。
?、贖e is good at playing basketball. 他擅長打籃球。
相當(dāng)于 He is good at basketball. 他擅長籃球。
18、There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend.
下周將有一個學(xué)校運(yùn)動會。
[ 此句是there be句型用于be going to句型中。這里的there be句型是表示某時有某物,初一年我們常見there be句型表示某地有某物。]
19、They are sure that she will win. 他們確信她會贏。
20、It helps to keep her heart and lungs healthy.
它(游戲)有助于使她的心臟和肺保持健康。
[ help to do sth. 有助于做某事]
21、The team is going to play against China’s national team tomorrow.
明天這個球隊(大衛(wèi).貝克漢姆的球隊)將和中國國家隊進(jìn)行一場比賽
[ 把the team看成一個整體,所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式is ]
22、It’s too bad that the players aren’t going to stay for long.
隊員們不會久留,真遺憾。
[此句中的it是形式主語,真正的主語是后面that引導(dǎo)的“the players aren’t going to stay for long”這件事。]
23、They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.
他們將于后天動身前往日本。
[此句是用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來。但并不是任何動詞都有這種用法,英語中,表示位置移動的動詞 go, come, leave, fly, start, arrive等,可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來。其中come, leave和arrive要記得去e再加ing變成現(xiàn)在分詞,當(dāng)然現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時別忘了動詞be ]
24、— Could you please do me a favor? 請幫我個忙好嗎?
[用could表示委婉地請求對方做某事。]
— Sure.
25、— Will you join us? 你愿意加入我們嗎? [ will表示意愿 ]
— I’d be glad to.
26、I am not very good at it. 我不是很擅長它(足球)。
[ be good at sth. / doing sth. ]
例:① I am good at English.
② I am good at playing basketball.
= I am good at basketball.
27、— Would/Do you mind teaching me? 你介意教我嗎?
— Not at all. 一點(diǎn)也不介意。
[ ①用would比用do委婉 ② mind doing sth.介意做某事]
28、— Would/Do you mind if I open the window?
如果我打開窗戶你會介意嗎?
— Of course not./Certainly not. Please do.當(dāng)然不介意。請打開吧。
You’d better not. 你最好不要(打開窗戶)。
29、— Would/Do you mind not putting your bike here?
請你不要把自行車放在這里,好嗎?
— Sorry. I’ll put it somewhere else.
30、— Would you mind not throwing bottles around?
— I am sorry about that. I won’t do it again.
31、— Don’t be late next time. 下次請不要遲到。
— Sorry, I won’t. 對不起,我下次不會遲到了。
32、— Would you mind making your bed?
— Sorry. I’ll do it right away.
33、What do you mean by saying that? 你那么說是什么意思?
34、I didn’t want to miss the goal, either.
?、?肯定句要用also或too:
also要放在be/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞之后,行為動詞之前
too常見放在句末,用逗號與前面隔開。
as well也放在句末,但一般不用逗號與前面隔開。
例 I am also a student.
I am a student,too.
② 否定句要用either,放在句末,一般用逗號與前面隔開。
35、— I didn’t want to miss the goal, either. 我也不想失去這個球的。
— But you did. 但是你確實(shí)失掉了這個球。
[相當(dāng)于But you missed the goal.]
36、I am sorry for what I said. 我為我所說的話感到抱歉。
I am sorry for losing your book. 很抱歉把你的書丟了。
[ be sorry for sth. / doing sth. 為某事感到抱歉/后悔/遺憾 ]
37、It’s nothing. 沒關(guān)系/不要緊。
同義句:①Never mind. ②It doesn’t matter. ③That’s OK.
[ 別人道歉時的答語。That’s OK.還可用來回答別人的道謝。]
38、We believe you’ll do better next time. 我們相信你下次會做得更好。
39、Keep trying! 繼續(xù)努力!
40、We are sure to win next time. 我們下次一定贏。
[ be sure to do sth.確信/肯定要做某事(表將來)]
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