仁愛版八年級英語上冊期中考試復習資料(2)
仁愛版八年級英語上冊期中考試復習資料
133、stay in bed臥床休息
134、have a sleep 睡覺 have a good sleep 睡個好覺
135、look pale看起來臉色蒼白
136、feel terrible感覺不舒服
137、day and night日日夜夜
138、have a rest 休息 have a good rest 好好休息
139、have a sore throat (患)喉嚨痛 have a terrible sore throat喉嚨痛得厲害
140、lie down 躺下來 [ 不能加賓語 ] 如:You’d better lie down and rest.
141、hot tea with honey (帶有蜂蜜的熱茶)
142、too much candy太多糖果 [ too much + 不可數(shù)名詞]
143、so much candy 這么多糖果
144、twice a day 每天兩次
145、on the Internet 用因特網(wǎng),通過因特網(wǎng)
146、so long 這么久, 那么久
147、take care of 照顧 take good care of好好照顧
148、build up 使……更強壯, 增強……體質(zhì) [ 及物動詞+副詞 ]
?、儋e語是名詞,可中可后
build my friend up = build up my friend
?、诖~作賓語只能放中間
build me up
149、check over給……做體檢/健康檢查;核對,檢查
“及物動詞+副詞”的結(jié)構(gòu):
?、?名詞作賓語可中可后
如check over Li Ming = check Li Ming over
?、诖~作賓語只能放中間 如 check him over
注:賓語可以是人或物。
150、worry about sth./sb. 擔心某事/某人
“不及物動詞+介詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)
賓語不管是名詞還是代詞,都只能放在介詞后面
如 worry about him/Li Ming 擔心他/李明
worry about my weight 擔心我體重
151、be glad to do sth. 樂意做某事
152、make one’s bed 整理床鋪 如 make my bed
153、keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事 keep sb. doing sth.讓某人一直做某事
154、at least 至少, 不少于
155、boiled water 開水
156、a symbol of… (……的標志) 例a symbol of the Olympic Games
157、take a pill 服藥片/藥丸
158、nothing serious 沒什么嚴重的
[“不定代詞(something, nothing, anything) +形容詞” (形容詞要放在不定代詞的后面 ),如 I have something important to say. 我有一些重要的事情要說。 ]
159、return to +某地(回到某地) 如 return to Shanghai回到上海
當“某地”是副詞時,不用介詞to:
return home 回家,return here回到這里,return there回到那里
160、call a taxi 叫出租車
161、have an accident 發(fā)生一場事故
162、take him to the hospital帶他去醫(yī)院
take sb. to +某地 (帶某人去某地)
當“某地”是副詞時,不用to:
如 take me home帶我回家, take me there帶我去那里
163、hurt可作及物動詞,也可作不及物動詞:
I hurt my left leg. 我傷到我的左腿。 [hurt為及物動詞]
賓語
My left leg hurts. 我左腿疼。 [hurt為不及物動詞]
164、look after myself照顧我自己
165、ask for two weeks’ leave 請兩天的假
166、return to school 回到學校上課
167、have a bad weekend 度過一個糟糕的周末
168、after that 之后
169、feel sleepy感到很困倦 [ feel +形容詞]
170、eat too little 吃太少 eat too much吃太多
171、take some medicine 服一些藥
172、①have a big breakfast吃一頓豐盛的早餐
[breakfast有big修飾可理解為種類,即什么樣的早餐,所以可以加a ]
?、趆ave breakfast 吃早餐 [ 不用冠詞 ]
173、stay up late at night晚上熬夜
174、go to bed early早睡 get up late晚起 get up early早起
175、keep fingernails long 留長指甲 [ keep sth./sb. +形容詞 ]
176、wash hands before meals飯前洗手
177、play sports right after meals飯后立即運動
?、賞lay sports進行體育運動
?、趓ight after… (……之后馬上……;就在……之后)
178、go to school without breakfast 不吃早飯去上學
179、brush teeth twice a day 一天刷兩次牙 [刷牙記得用復數(shù)形式teeth ]
180、have a bath洗澡
181、an article about smoking 一篇關(guān)于吸煙的文章
[ 介詞后面的動詞要變成動名詞,才能作介詞的賓語 ]
182、in the newspaper 在報紙上
183、give up smoking戒煙
184、read in the sun在陽光下看書
185、throw litter around 亂扔垃圾
186、enough water足夠的水 enough books足夠的書
[enough作為形容詞,后面要接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式,不可以接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式。比如不可以說enough book ]
【注意】enough的位置:
enough作為形容詞,修飾名詞時可前可后。但意思有點不一樣:
?、賅e have enough food for this week.
我們這周的食物夠了。
?、赪e have food enough for this week.
我們這周的食物綽綽有余。
enough作副詞時,只能放在形容詞或副詞的后面:
warm enough 足夠暖和
carefully enough 足夠仔細
187、during the day 在白天 [ 相當于 in the daytime ]
188、get headaches患頭痛 get a headache患頭痛
189、a pain in your head 在你的頭部的疼痛
190、work too hard工作太努力
191、get enough sleep 獲得足夠的睡眠 [sleep在這里是不可數(shù)名詞]
192、exercise for a long time 做運動很久 [exercise在這里作動詞]
193、exercise on an empty stomach 空腹鍛煉 [exercise在這里作動詞]
194、get into the human body 進入人體
195、cause diseases 引起疾病
196、through the nowe通過鼻子 through the mouth通過口腔
197、through the skin通過皮膚
198、have an illness 生病 [ illness和disease都可作可數(shù)名詞]
區(qū)別:disease指具體的某種疾病 illness泛指不健康的狀態(tài)
199、keep the air fresh保持空氣清新
200、tidy our rooms整理我們的房間
201、sweep the floor掃地 注意與clean的區(qū)別:
sweep專指清掃地上的垃圾或灰塵,而clean包括各種方式的清潔。
202、in public當眾,公開地 spit in public在公共場所吐痰
203、as we know眾所周知
204、help make us strong有助于使我們強壯
205、become sick 生病 [ become +形容詞]
同義:be ill [ 強調(diào)生病的狀態(tài)]
have an illness, fall ill, become sick [強調(diào)從健康到生病的轉(zhuǎn)變]
206、every night每天晚上 every day每天 every week 每周
207、less than… (少于…… ) 例 less than 7 hours 少于7小時
more than… (超過……) 例 more than two days 超過2天
208、less than three times a week 每星期少于3次
209、once一次 twice兩次 three times 三次 four times四次 ……
210、on TV在電視上播放 例 Dad is on TV!爸爸上電視了!
211、go ahead開始做,著手干
212、among people在人們之間 注意與between的區(qū)別:
among三者或三者以上的人或物之間, between兩者之間
213、these days這幾天 those days 那幾天
214、keep our rooms clean保持房間干凈
215、all the time一直,始終
216、take one’s advice接受某人的建議 如 take your advice
217、keep away from crowded places 遠離人多擁擠的地方
?、賙eep away from… 遠離…… ②place是可數(shù)名詞
218、drink lots of boiled water喝許多開水
219、take some cold pills 吃些感冒藥
220、lie down and take a good rest 躺下來好好休息
221、go to crowded places去人多擁擠的地方
222、examine a patient 檢查病人
223、ring up 給……打電話 [及物動詞+副詞]
?、倜~做賓語,可中可后 ring up John = ring John up
?、诖~作賓語只能放中間 ring him up
224、an hour later一小時以后
225、phone his father’s office往他父親的辦公室打電話
[ phone sb./ call sb./ring sb. 打電話給某人:phone用在英國語語比美國英語普通,call美國英語和英國英語都常用,ring比phone和call不正式]
226、leave a message 留口信 take a message 捎口信
227、give him the message = give the message to him
228、call him back 給他回電話 [ call sb. back 給某人回電話 ]
229、give a talk 做報告 have a talk聽報告
230、on time按時,準時
231、give a talk to the students給學生們做報告
232、make you fat使你/你們肥胖 make you unhealthy使你/你們不健康
233、stay safe 保持安全 [ stay +形容詞,意為“保持……”]
234、first aid 急救 [名詞]
235、on the other hand另一方面
236、avoid smoking and drinking遠離煙酒
[ ①avoid sth. ②avoid doing sth. 避免……]
237、[ make sb./sth.+動詞原形]
make something happen使某事發(fā)生
make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
238、try to do sth. 設法做某事,努力做某事,試圖做某事 [可能不成功]
try not to do sth.設法不做某事
239、talk in groups分組討論
240、break out爆發(fā),突然發(fā)生 [不加賓語]
241、lose one’s life 喪生 例lose his life 注意:lose過去式為lost
save one’s life 挽救某人的生命
242、stay at home待在家
243、learn by oneself 自學 [相當于teach oneself]
例 I learn English by myself. = I teach myself English. 我自學英語。
244、take an active part in… 積極參加……
246、care for sb. 照顧某人 [不及物動詞+介詞]
賓語不論是名詞還是代詞,都只能放在介詞的后面。
相當于 look after, take care of
247、most students 大多數(shù)學生
248、during those days 在那些日子里
249、be afraid of sth./sb. 害怕某物/某人
250、give me another one給我另外一個
251、pass the exam通過考試 fail the exam考試沒通過
252、this time這次,next time下次,last time上次
253、get a cold 得了感冒 相當于have a cold
254、buy her a pen = buy a pen for her 給她買了一支鋼筆
255、break the window打壞窗戶
256、hand in 交上…… [及物動詞+副詞]
?、儋e語是名詞,可中可后
hand in your homework = hand your homework in交家庭作業(yè)
?、谫e語是代詞,只能放中間
hand it/them in
257、look for 尋找 [強調(diào)找的動作和過程]
find找到 [強調(diào)找的結(jié)果]
258、bring it to me 把它帶來給我 [bring sth. to sb.把某物帶來給某人]
bring sth. to sb. = bring sb. sth.
例 bring a book to me = bring me a book
注意:我們可以說bring it to me,但不可以說bring me it
即帶來的某物是代詞時,只能用bring sth. to sb.的句型。
259、some of his classmates 他的一些同班同學
260、have a look看一看 have a look at sth./sb.看一看某物/某人
261、do the same sports 做同樣的運動
the same的用法:① +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞② +復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞③+不可數(shù)名詞
例 the same book, the same things, the same quality (相同的品質(zhì))
262、learn to skate學會滑冰 [learn to do sth.學會做某事]
263、every four years 每四年一次
[every后面一般加單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,但也可以加“數(shù)詞+名詞復數(shù)形式”]
264、the most popular sport最受歡迎的運動
265、put away 把……收起來放好 [ 及物動詞+副詞]
?、儋e語是名詞,可中可后
put medicine away = put away medicine
②賓語是代詞,只能放中間
put it/them away
266、since then從那時起
267、hurry up趕快,快點
268、just a moment請稍等,稍等一會兒
269、a kind of… 一種……
270、do sth. by mistake 錯誤地做某事
271、on business 出差
272、in different ways 以不同的方式
273、talk with sb. 和某人交談
274、catch the flu 患流感
仁愛版八年級英語上冊期中考試復習資料:重要句型
1、be going to+動詞原形,be為am,is或are時,為一般將來時態(tài),表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。
?、俦硎敬蛩?、計劃做某事 (有時譯成“要做某事”)
如I am going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.
?、诟鶕?jù)一定跡象,預測將發(fā)生某事。
如Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain.
2、①see sb. do sth.意為“看見某人做某事”。
表示看見事件、行動的全過程,動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束。
表示經(jīng)??吹侥橙俗瞿呈乱惨胹ee sb. do sth.
如I saw her cross the road.
I often see you play basketball after school.
?、趕ee sb. doing sth. 意為“看到某人正在做某事”
強調(diào)事件、行動正在進行。
如 I saw her dancing at this time yesterday.
昨天這個時候我看見她正在跳舞。
3、hope+賓語從句
如 I hope our team will win. 我希望我們的隊會贏。
4、Me, too. 我也一樣。
5、— Which sport do you prefer, cycling or rowing?
(騎自行車和劃船相比,你更喜歡哪種運動?)
— I prefer rowing.
6、— Do you row much? (你經(jīng)常劃船嗎?)
— Yes, quite a bit/quite a lot./ No, seldom .
(是的,常常。/不,很少。)
7、I like Yao Ming best. 我最喜歡姚明。(三個或三個以上在比較)
I like Yao Ming better.我比較喜歡姚明。(兩個在比較)
8、Do you know anything about him?
?、倏隙ň溆胹omething,如I’d like to have something to eat.
?、诜穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡柧溆胊nything,
如 I don’t want to eat anything.
Do you know anything about him?
?、鄣绻潜硎菊埱蠡蚪ㄗh的疑問句要用something。
如 Would you like something to drink?
What about something to eat?
9、He and McGrady both play for the Houston Rockets in the NBA.
?、?ldquo;兩者”用both,“三者或三者以上”用all
?、?play for a team為某球隊效力
in a team(英式英語)在某球隊打球
on a team(美式英語)在某球隊打球
10、I’m going to be a basketball player like him. [ like him作后置定語]
我打算成為像他一樣的籃球選手。
11、What are you going to be when you grow up? 你長大以后想當什么?
“When+一個句子”,英語里把它稱為“由when引導的時間狀語從句”,用來表示什么時候。 當主句是一般將來時態(tài)時,時間狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來。如本句中的“when you grow up”用的是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),來表示將來(長大以后)。
【注意】有些個別單詞(如 want, can等等)雖然用的是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),但表示的也是將來的事,這時候時間狀語從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來。
如:I want to be a doctor when I grow up.
(相當于I am going to be a doctor when I grow up.)
He hopes to be a singer when he grows up.我們長大以后就可以開車。
12、He is one of the best runners in the world.
①one of+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式,意為“……之一”
?、?ldquo;one of+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式”作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。如 One of the students is my good friend.
【解析】 有的同學看到the students是復數(shù)的,就以為要用are,其實應該用is才對。為什么要用is呢,因為介詞短語of the students是作后置定語(修飾one),one才是主語,所以要用單數(shù)的is。
再如:One of them plays basketball every day.
主語是one,所以謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
13、She won two gold medals twice.
她贏得兩枚金牌贏了兩次。(所以總共是贏得四枚金牌)
14、Liu Xiang took part in both the Athens and Beijing Olympics.
“both…and…”用來連接兩個并列成份。當它連接兩個并列主語是,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。如 Both Li Ming and I are students.
15、She spends half an hour doing exercise in the gym every day.
?、舠pend…(in) doing sth. 花費……(時間/金錢)做某事
?、苨pend…on sth. 花費……(時間/金錢)在某事物上
例:①She spends half an hour (in) doing exercise in the gym every day.
= She spends half an hour on exercise in the gym every day.
?、赟he spends a lot of money (in)buying clothes.
=She spends a lot of money on clothes.
16、Now she plays baseball pretty well. 現(xiàn)在她棒球打得相當好。
[pretty well用來說明打棒球打得怎么樣]
17、She is good at jumping.
be good at sth. / doing sth.
如 ①She is good at English. 她擅長英語。
?、贖e is good at playing basketball. 他擅長打籃球。
相當于 He is good at basketball. 他擅長籃球。
18、There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend.
下周將有一個學校運動會。
[ 此句是there be句型用于be going to句型中。這里的there be句型是表示某時有某物,初一年我們常見there be句型表示某地有某物。]
19、They are sure that she will win. 他們確信她會贏。
20、It helps to keep her heart and lungs healthy.
它(游戲)有助于使她的心臟和肺保持健康。
[ help to do sth. 有助于做某事]
21、The team is going to play against China’s national team tomorrow.
明天這個球隊(大衛(wèi).貝克漢姆的球隊)將和中國國家隊進行一場比賽
[ 把the team看成一個整體,所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式is ]
22、It’s too bad that the players aren’t going to stay for long.
隊員們不會久留,真遺憾。
[此句中的it是形式主語,真正的主語是后面that引導的“the players aren’t going to stay for long”這件事。]
23、They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.
他們將于后天動身前往日本。
[此句是用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來。但并不是任何動詞都有這種用法,英語中,表示位置移動的動詞 go, come, leave, fly, start, arrive等,可以用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來。其中come, leave和arrive要記得去e再加ing變成現(xiàn)在分詞,當然現(xiàn)在進行時別忘了動詞be ]
24、— Could you please do me a favor? 請幫我個忙好嗎?
[用could表示委婉地請求對方做某事。]
— Sure.
25、— Will you join us? 你愿意加入我們嗎? [ will表示意愿 ]
— I’d be glad to.
26、I am not very good at it. 我不是很擅長它(足球)。
[ be good at sth. / doing sth. ]
例:① I am good at English.
?、?I am good at playing basketball.
= I am good at basketball.
27、— Would/Do you mind teaching me? 你介意教我嗎?
— Not at all. 一點也不介意。
[ ①用would比用do委婉 ② mind doing sth.介意做某事]
28、— Would/Do you mind if I open the window?
如果我打開窗戶你會介意嗎?
— Of course not./Certainly not. Please do.當然不介意。請打開吧。
You’d better not. 你最好不要(打開窗戶)。
29、— Would/Do you mind not putting your bike here?
請你不要把自行車放在這里,好嗎?
— Sorry. I’ll put it somewhere else.
30、— Would you mind not throwing bottles around?
— I am sorry about that. I won’t do it again.
31、— Don’t be late next time. 下次請不要遲到。
— Sorry, I won’t. 對不起,我下次不會遲到了。
32、— Would you mind making your bed?
— Sorry. I’ll do it right away.
33、What do you mean by saying that? 你那么說是什么意思?
34、I didn’t want to miss the goal, either.
?、?肯定句要用also或too:
also要放在be/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞之后,行為動詞之前
too常見放在句末,用逗號與前面隔開。
as well也放在句末,但一般不用逗號與前面隔開。
例 I am also a student.
I am a student,too.
?、?否定句要用either,放在句末,一般用逗號與前面隔開。
35、— I didn’t want to miss the goal, either. 我也不想失去這個球的。
— But you did. 但是你確實失掉了這個球。
[相當于But you missed the goal.]
36、I am sorry for what I said. 我為我所說的話感到抱歉。
I am sorry for losing your book. 很抱歉把你的書丟了。
[ be sorry for sth. / doing sth. 為某事感到抱歉/后悔/遺憾 ]
37、It’s nothing. 沒關(guān)系/不要緊。
同義句:①Never mind. ②It doesn’t matter. ③That’s OK.
[ 別人道歉時的答語。That’s OK.還可用來回答別人的道謝。]
38、We believe you’ll do better next time. 我們相信你下次會做得更好。
39、Keep trying! 繼續(xù)努力!
40、We are sure to win next time. 我們下次一定贏。
[ be sure to do sth.確信/肯定要做某事(表將來)]
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