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仁愛版八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)期中考試復(fù)習(xí)資料(3)

時(shí)間: 鄭曉823 分享

  仁愛版八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)期中考試復(fù)習(xí)資料:重要句型

  1、be going to+動(dòng)詞原形,be為am,is或are時(shí),為一般將來時(shí)態(tài),表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。

 ?、俦硎敬蛩?、計(jì)劃做某事 (有時(shí)譯成“要做某事”)

  如I am going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.

 ?、诟鶕?jù)一定跡象,預(yù)測將發(fā)生某事。

  如Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain.

  2、①see sb. do sth.意為“看見某人做某事”。

  表示看見事件、行動(dòng)的全過程,動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束。

  表示經(jīng)常看到某人做某事也要用see sb. do sth.

  如I saw her cross the road.

  I often see you play basketball after school.

  ②see sb. doing sth. 意為“看到某人正在做某事”

  強(qiáng)調(diào)事件、行動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行。

  如 I saw her dancing at this time yesterday.

  昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候我看見她正在跳舞。

  3、hope+賓語從句

  如 I hope our team will win. 我希望我們的隊(duì)會(huì)贏。

  4、Me, too. 我也一樣。

  5、— Which sport do you prefer, cycling or rowing?

  (騎自行車和劃船相比,你更喜歡哪種運(yùn)動(dòng)?)

  — I prefer rowing.

  6、— Do you row much? (你經(jīng)常劃船嗎?)

  — Yes, quite a bit/quite a lot./ No, seldom .

  (是的,常常。/不,很少。)

  7、I like Yao Ming best. 我最喜歡姚明。(三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上在比較)

  I like Yao Ming better.我比較喜歡姚明。(兩個(gè)在比較)

  8、Do you know anything about him?

  ①肯定句用something,如I’d like to have something to eat.

  ②否定句和一般疑問句用anything,

  如 I don’t want to eat anything.

  Do you know anything about him?

 ?、鄣绻潜硎菊?qǐng)求或建議的疑問句要用something。

  如 Would you like something to drink?

  What about something to eat?

  9、He and McGrady both play for the Houston Rockets in the NBA.

  ①“兩者”用both,“三者或三者以上”用all

  ② play for a team為某球隊(duì)效力

  in a team(英式英語)在某球隊(duì)打球

  on a team(美式英語)在某球隊(duì)打球

  10、I’m going to be a basketball player like him. [ like him作后置定語]

  我打算成為像他一樣的籃球選手。

  11、What are you going to be when you grow up? 你長大以后想當(dāng)什么?

  “When+一個(gè)句子”,英語里把它稱為“由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句”,用來表示什么時(shí)候。 當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),時(shí)間狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來。如本句中的“when you grow up”用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),來表示將來(長大以后)。

  【注意】有些個(gè)別單詞(如 want, can等等)雖然用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),但表示的也是將來的事,這時(shí)候時(shí)間狀語從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來。

  如:I want to be a doctor when I grow up.

  (相當(dāng)于I am going to be a doctor when I grow up.)

  He hopes to be a singer when he grows up.我們長大以后就可以開車。

  12、He is one of the best runners in the world.

 ?、賝ne of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,意為“……之一”

 ?、?ldquo;one of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式”作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如 One of the students is my good friend.

  【解析】 有的同學(xué)看到the students是復(fù)數(shù)的,就以為要用are,其實(shí)應(yīng)該用is才對(duì)。為什么要用is呢,因?yàn)榻樵~短語of the students是作后置定語(修飾one),one才是主語,所以要用單數(shù)的is。

  再如:One of them plays basketball every day.

  主語是one,所以謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。

  13、She won two gold medals twice.

  她贏得兩枚金牌贏了兩次。(所以總共是贏得四枚金牌)

  14、Liu Xiang took part in both the Athens and Beijing Olympics.

  “both…and…”用來連接兩個(gè)并列成份。當(dāng)它連接兩個(gè)并列主語是,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如 Both Li Ming and I are students.

  15、She spends half an hour doing exercise in the gym every day.

  ⑴spend…(in) doing sth. 花費(fèi)……(時(shí)間/金錢)做某事

 ?、苨pend…on sth. 花費(fèi)……(時(shí)間/金錢)在某事物上

  例:①She spends half an hour (in) doing exercise in the gym every day.

  = She spends half an hour on exercise in the gym every day.

 ?、赟he spends a lot of money (in)buying clothes.

  =She spends a lot of money on clothes.

  16、Now she plays baseball pretty well. 現(xiàn)在她棒球打得相當(dāng)好。

  [pretty well用來說明打棒球打得怎么樣]

  17、She is good at jumping.

  be good at sth. / doing sth.

  如 ①She is good at English. 她擅長英語。

  ②He is good at playing basketball. 他擅長打籃球。

  相當(dāng)于 He is good at basketball. 他擅長籃球。

  18、There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend.

  下周將有一個(gè)學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

  [ 此句是there be句型用于be going to句型中。這里的there be句型是表示某時(shí)有某物,初一年我們常見there be句型表示某地有某物。]

  19、They are sure that she will win. 他們確信她會(huì)贏。

  20、It helps to keep her heart and lungs healthy.

  它(游戲)有助于使她的心臟和肺保持健康。

  [ help to do sth. 有助于做某事]

  21、The team is going to play against China’s national team tomorrow.

  明天這個(gè)球隊(duì)(大衛(wèi).貝克漢姆的球隊(duì))將和中國國家隊(duì)進(jìn)行一場比賽

  [ 把the team看成一個(gè)整體,所以謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式is ]

  22、It’s too bad that the players aren’t going to stay for long.

  隊(duì)員們不會(huì)久留,真遺憾。

  [此句中的it是形式主語,真正的主語是后面that引導(dǎo)的“the players aren’t going to stay for long”這件事。]

  23、They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.

  他們將于后天動(dòng)身前往日本。

  [此句是用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來。但并不是任何動(dòng)詞都有這種用法,英語中,表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞 go, come, leave, fly, start, arrive等,可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來。其中come, leave和arrive要記得去e再加ing變成現(xiàn)在分詞,當(dāng)然現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)別忘了動(dòng)詞be ]

  24、— Could you please do me a favor? 請(qǐng)幫我個(gè)忙好嗎?

  [用could表示委婉地請(qǐng)求對(duì)方做某事。]

  — Sure.

  25、— Will you join us? 你愿意加入我們嗎? [ will表示意愿 ]

  — I’d be glad to.

  26、I am not very good at it. 我不是很擅長它(足球)。

  [ be good at sth. / doing sth. ]

  例:① I am good at English.

 ?、?I am good at playing basketball.

  = I am good at basketball.

  27、— Would/Do you mind teaching me? 你介意教我嗎?

  — Not at all. 一點(diǎn)也不介意。

  [ ①用would比用do委婉 ② mind doing sth.介意做某事]

  28、— Would/Do you mind if I open the window?

  如果我打開窗戶你會(huì)介意嗎?

  — Of course not./Certainly not. Please do.當(dāng)然不介意。請(qǐng)打開吧。

  You’d better not. 你最好不要(打開窗戶)。

  29、— Would/Do you mind not putting your bike here?

  請(qǐng)你不要把自行車放在這里,好嗎?

  — Sorry. I’ll put it somewhere else.

  30、— Would you mind not throwing bottles around?

  — I am sorry about that. I won’t do it again.

  31、— Don’t be late next time. 下次請(qǐng)不要遲到。

  — Sorry, I won’t. 對(duì)不起,我下次不會(huì)遲到了。

  32、— Would you mind making your bed?

  — Sorry. I’ll do it right away.

  33、What do you mean by saying that? 你那么說是什么意思?

  34、I didn’t want to miss the goal, either.

 ?、?肯定句要用also或too:

  also要放在be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞之后,行為動(dòng)詞之前

  too常見放在句末,用逗號(hào)與前面隔開。

  as well也放在句末,但一般不用逗號(hào)與前面隔開。

  例 I am also a student.

  I am a student,too.

 ?、?否定句要用either,放在句末,一般用逗號(hào)與前面隔開。

  35、— I didn’t want to miss the goal, either. 我也不想失去這個(gè)球的。

  — But you did. 但是你確實(shí)失掉了這個(gè)球。

  [相當(dāng)于But you missed the goal.]

  36、I am sorry for what I said. 我為我所說的話感到抱歉。

  I am sorry for losing your book. 很抱歉把你的書丟了。

  [ be sorry for sth. / doing sth. 為某事感到抱歉/后悔/遺憾 ]

  37、It’s nothing. 沒關(guān)系/不要緊。

  同義句:①Never mind. ②It doesn’t matter. ③That’s OK.

  [ 別人道歉時(shí)的答語。That’s OK.還可用來回答別人的道謝。]

  38、We believe you’ll do better next time. 我們相信你下次會(huì)做得更好。

  39、Keep trying! 繼續(xù)努力!

  40、We are sure to win next time. 我們下次一定贏。

  [ be sure to do sth.確信/肯定要做某事(表將來)]

  41、①I am sorry I didn’t call you last night. 很抱歉昨晚沒給你打電話。

  [ be sorry + 一個(gè)句子]

  此句中抱歉指的是現(xiàn)在很抱歉所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(am),昨晚沒給你打電話是昨晚的事,所以用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)(didn’t)

  ②I am sorry for what I said. 我為我所說的話感到抱歉。

  [ be sorry for sth. ]

 ?、跧 am sorry for losing your book. 很抱歉把你的書丟了。

  [ be sorry for doing sth. ]

  for是介詞,所以后面的動(dòng)詞要變成動(dòng)名詞才能作介詞for的賓語。

  42、— I am quite sorry I broke your pen. Let me buy you a new one.

  — Never mind. I have another one.

  【解析】

 ?、?one所指代的事物與前文提到的事物是同類的事物,但不是同一個(gè)。

  ⑵ another的用法:

 ?、?再一個(gè)(在原來的基礎(chǔ)上增加的,與原來的人或事物是同一類型的)

  例 I am going to have another cup of coffee. 我打算再喝一杯咖啡。

 ?、诹硪粋€(gè)(強(qiáng)調(diào)與原來的人或事物不是同一個(gè),而是泛指另一個(gè)。)

  例 We finally moved to another city. 最后我們搬到另一個(gè)城市。

  【區(qū)別】 the other(另一個(gè))是特指兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)(總數(shù)只有兩個(gè))。another是泛指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的另一個(gè)(分兩種情況,一種是知道總數(shù)是三個(gè),另一種是只知道總數(shù)超過三個(gè),但不知確切數(shù)字)。

  例 ① I have two pens. One is black, the other is red.

  ② I don’t like this pen, please give me another (one)

  43、That book wasn’t important to me. 那本書對(duì)我來說不重要。

  44、I’ll be in Korea. 我將會(huì)在韓國 [在課文中可譯成“我將去韓國”]。

  45、I enjoy playing table tennis in different countries.

  我喜歡在不同的國家打乒乓球

  [ ①enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事 ②country變復(fù)數(shù)countries ]

  【聯(lián)想】enjoy oneself 玩得高興,過得愉快

  例 We enjoyed ourselves at Kangkang’s birthday party.

  46、【區(qū)別】①exciting用來表示某事物本身具有令人興奮的性質(zhì)特征

 ?、趀xcited用來表示某人因某事感到興奮。

 ?、資ou have a very exciting life now. 你現(xiàn)在過著令人興奮的生活。

  [ 你現(xiàn)在所過的生活具有令人興奮的性質(zhì)特征 ]

 ?、贓veryone in our class felt very excited because we were the winners.

  我們班每個(gè)人感到興奮,因?yàn)槲覀兪谦@勝者。

  [ 我們班每人因我們是獲勝者感到興奮 ]

  47、【區(qū)別】①tiring用來表示事物本身具有令人感到累的性質(zhì)特征。

  ②tired用來表示某人因某事感到累。

  ①M(fèi)y life is tiring as well. 我的生活也很累人。

  [ 我所過的生活具有令人感到累的性質(zhì)特征。]

  ② I am very tired . 我很累。[我因某事感到累。]

  48、I started playing table tennis when I was about seven years old.

  [ start doing sth.開始做某事 ]

  49、He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play even in bad weather.他為學(xué)生發(fā)明了一種室內(nèi)游戲,以便他們即使在糟糕的天氣也能玩。[ so that + 一個(gè)句子, 表示目的。意為“以便……”]

  50、You can throw the ball with one hand or both hands.

 ?、賥ith…,意為“用……” ② both + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞

  51、Healthy eating habits and running help to build me up.

  健康的飲食習(xí)慣和跑步有助于增強(qiáng)我的體質(zhì)。

  [ help to do sth. 有助于做某事 ]

  52、I have great fun running. 我從跑步中獲得很大樂趣。

  [ have fun doing sth. 從做某事中獲得樂趣 ]

  53、Running has become my favorite sport. 跑步已經(jīng)成為我最喜愛的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

  [ 只有一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞(短語)作主語,動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式 ]

  54、That’s very kind of you, but I can manage it myself.

  你真是太好了,但我自己能處理。

  55、I will take part in the school sports meet. 我將參加學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

  [ will + 動(dòng)詞原形,表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) ]

  56、I’ll be in the long jump and the high jump. 我將參加跳遠(yuǎn)和跳高。

  [ be in + 活動(dòng),意為“參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)”,同義:take part in, join in ]

  57、I hope so. 我希望如此。

  58、That’s great! 太棒了!

  59、I’m sure our school sports meet will be exciting. [ be sure + 一個(gè)句子 ]

  我確信我們的學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將讓人很興奮。

  60、What will you do in the sports meet? 你將在運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上做什么?

  61、It’s my first time to take part in the high jump.

  這是我第一次參加跳高比賽。

  [ It’s one’s first time to do sth. 是某人第一次做某事 ]

  62、I think I’ll have lots of fun. 我想我將從中獲得許多樂趣。

  [ ①have fun玩得高興,過得愉快,相當(dāng)于have a good time或enjoy oneself ②have fun with sb.和某人玩得高興 ③區(qū)別:have fun doing sth.從做某事中獲得樂趣 ]

  63、I’m ready for the long jump. [ be ready for… (為……準(zhǔn)備好) ]

  64、I’ll do my best. 我會(huì)盡最大努力。

  [ ① do one’s best 盡某人最大努力 ② do one’s best to do sth.盡某人最大努力去做某事。如 I’ll do my best to learn English. ]

  65、I want to be in the boy’s relay race. 我想?yún)⒓幽凶咏恿悺?/p>

  [ want to do sth. 想要做要事 ]

  66、Maybe I’ll make many friends during the sports meet.

  Perhaps she will win.

  [ ①maybe/perhaps(“也許,可能”之意)常放在句首。修飾整個(gè)句子。Maybe與perhaps同義,但在書面語中,人們經(jīng)常更喜歡用perhaps, 因?yàn)樗容^正式一點(diǎn)。②注意maybe與may be的區(qū)別:maybe是一個(gè)副詞,“也許,可能”之意,常放在句首,修飾整個(gè)句子。而may be中的may是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,may be意為“可能是……”或“可能在……”]

  67、I’ll join in the teachers’ relay race.我將參加教師接力賽。

  [ join in + 活動(dòng),與“take part in / be in +活動(dòng)”同義 ]

  68、— Hello, is that Michael? 你好,你是邁克爾嗎?

  — Speaking. 是的。 [ 相當(dāng)于 This is Michael speaking. ]

 ?、?通電話時(shí),想知道對(duì)方身份,不能用you。比如,不能說:Are you Michael?或 Who are you?,而應(yīng)該說Is that Michael (speaking) ?或Who’s that (speaking) ?

 ?、?通電話時(shí),想告訴對(duì)方你的身份時(shí),不能用I。比如,不能說:I am Li Ming.應(yīng)該說This is Li Ming (speaking).

  69、The school sports meet is coming tomorrow.校運(yùn)會(huì)明天即將到來。

  [ 此句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來。參看重要句型第23小點(diǎn)。]

  70、Let’s go together. 讓我們一起去吧。 [ let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事 ]

  71、① — What shall we take? 我們帶些什么呢?

  — We’ll take our sports clothes and sports shoes.

  ② — Shall I take my camera? 我?guī)鄼C(jī)好嗎?/要不要我?guī)鄼C(jī)?

  — Good idea.好主意。

  ③ — When shall we meet?

  — Let’s make it half past six.

 ?、?— Where shall we meet? 我們?cè)谀囊娒姘?

  — At my house. 在我家。

  [shall作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,主要用于第一人稱的疑問句中,表示征詢意見。]

  72、①Let’s make it half past six. 讓我們定在六點(diǎn)半吧。

  ② — What time is it? / What’s the time?

  — It’s half past six.

 ?、?— What time will it begin?

  — At half past three. ( It will begin at half past three. )

  [ 表示在幾點(diǎn)做某事要加at,如③;注意①②不要加at ]

  73、① Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for China in the 23rd Los Angeles Olympics in 1984.

  ②Class 4 is first.

 ?、?His class won first place.

  [序數(shù)詞前一般要用定冠詞the,但也有的例外,如②③ ]

  74、— Congratulations!

  — Thank you.

  75、There will be another exciting relay race this afternoon.

  今天下午將有另一場激動(dòng)人心的接力賽。

  [ there be句型用于一般將來時(shí)態(tài):

 ?、賂here will be…

 ?、赥here is going to be… ]

  76、Here are two pages from Kangkang’s diary. 這里有兩頁康康的日記。

  77、I hope some day I’ll be able to take part in the Olympic Games.

  我希望將來有一天我能參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)。

  [ ① be able to do sth. 表示有能力做某事,can也可以表示有能力做某事,但can只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài),而be able to可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)。

  He is able to dance. = He can dance.

  He was able to dance. = He could dance.

  He will be able to dance next year. (不能說 He will can dance next year.)

  ② some day 將來某一天,也可以說someday ]

  78、Kangkang hopes to be a soccer player when he grows up.

  康康希望自己長大后當(dāng)一名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。

  [ 時(shí)間狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來 ]

  79、The People’s Republic of China took part in the Olympics for the first time in 1952. 中華人民共和國在1952年第一次參加了奧運(yùn)會(huì)。

  [ do sth. for the first time 第一次做某事 ]

  【聯(lián)想】It’s one’s first time to do sth. 是某人第一次做某事。

  It’s my first time to take part in the high jump.

  這是我第一次參加跳高比賽。

  80、The Olympic rings stand for the five parts of the world.

  [ stand for… (代表……) ]

  81、— What’s wrong with you? / What’s the matter with you?

  你怎么啦?

  — I have a toothache.

  我牙痛。

  82、I’m sorry to hear that. 聽到這個(gè)消息我很難過。

  83、①You should see a dentist. ②You shouldn’t read too long.

  你應(yīng)該看牙醫(yī)。 你不應(yīng)該看書太久。

  [ should / shouldn’t + 動(dòng)詞原形 (應(yīng)該/不應(yīng)該…… ) ]

  84、I hope you’ll get well soon. 我希望你快點(diǎn)好起來。

  85、I’m feeling terrible! 我感覺很難受/不舒服。

  86、— How long have you been like this? 你這樣多久了?

  — Two days. ( 完整回答:I have been like this for two days. )

  87、①You’d better go to see a doctor. ② You’d better not work too long.

  你最好去看醫(yī)生。 你最好不要工作太久。

  [ had better / had better not + 動(dòng)詞原形 (最好做某事/最好不要做某事)]

  88、— How are you feeling, Nick? 尼克,你現(xiàn)在感覺怎么樣?

  — Not so well. 不是很好。

  89、I don’t feel like eating. 我不想吃東西。

  [ feel like doing sth. 想要做某事, 感覺要做某事]

  【聯(lián)想】 want to do sth. 想要做某事

  90、I cough day and night. 我日日夜夜咳嗽。

  91、Why don’t you have a good rest? 你為什么不好好休息一下呢?

  [“Why don’t you/we + 動(dòng)詞原形…?”用來提建議 ]

  92、What’s the matter? / What’s wrong? 怎么了?

  93、I have a sore throat. 我喉嚨痛。 I have sore eyes. 我眼睛痛。

  94、You shouldn’t / had better not eat so much candy.

  你不應(yīng)該 / 最好不要吃這么多糖果。

  95、You shouldn’t / had better not work on the Internet so long.

  你不應(yīng)該 / 最好不要上網(wǎng)這么久/那么久。

  96、You should / had better take good care of your eyes.

  你應(yīng)該 / 最好保護(hù)好你的眼睛。

  97、practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事

  Today we’re going to practice parking.今天我們要練習(xí)停放車輛。

  98、— How are you feeling today? 你今天感覺怎么樣?

  — Not too bad. 不太糟/還行。

  99、Don’t worry. 別擔(dān)心。

  100、Your X-rays show it’s nothing serious. [劃線部分作賓語,是賓語從句]

  你的X光片顯示它沒什么大礙。

  101、— Don’t move your leg too much.

  字面意思:不要移動(dòng)你的腿太多。

  習(xí)慣譯成:不要讓你的腿動(dòng)得太多。

  — All right. 好的。

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