重點(diǎn)詞組 (旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料)

　　1.come up走近;上來(lái);提出

　　[典例]

　　1). The little came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.

　　小男孩向陌生人走去，并告訴他去警察局的路。

　　3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題在會(huì)議上一定會(huì)被提出來(lái)的。

　　5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕發(fā)生了什么急事。

　　[短語(yǔ)歸納]

　　come across邂逅 come about發(fā)生 come at向…撲來(lái),攻擊 come from 來(lái)自

　　come out 出版;開(kāi)花;結(jié)果是 come up with想出

　　come round 繞道而來(lái) come down落下,塌下

　　[練習(xí)] 用come構(gòu)成的詞組填空。

　　1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _______ him.

　　2). The magazine __________ once a month.

　　3). I wish you can ___________ to England on your holiday.

　　4). The engineers has ______________ new ways of saving energy.

　　5). They ___________ an old school friend in the street this morning.

　　答案: 1). came at 2). comes out 3). come over 4). come up with 5). came across

　　2. make use of 利用;使用

　　[典例]

　　1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你應(yīng)該好好利用機(jī)會(huì)練習(xí)英語(yǔ)。

　　[短語(yǔ)歸納]

　　make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用 make the best/most of 充分利用

　　[練習(xí)]

　　1). 要充分利用一切機(jī)會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。2). 我們要很好地發(fā)揮她的才能。

　　答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English.

　　2). We will make good use of her talents.

　　3. such as例如;像這種的

　　1). Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry.

　　有些詩(shī)人, 如濟(jì)慈和雪萊, 寫(xiě)的是浪漫主義的詩(shī)歌

　　2). Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.

　　蘭花和報(bào)春花之類(lèi)的野花越來(lái)越少了

　　[練習(xí)] 用such as或for example填空

　　1). I like drinks __________ tea and soda.

　　2). The report is incomplete; it doesn’t include sales in France, ________.

　　答案: 1) such as 2). For example

　　4. play a part (in) 扮演一個(gè)角色;參與

　　[典例] 1). She plays an active part in local politics. 她積極參與地方政治活動(dòng)。

　　2). She played a major part in the success of the scheme. 她對(duì)該計(jì)劃的成功起了重要作用。

　　翻譯：中國(guó)在當(dāng)今世界扮演著重要的角色。

　　China is playing an important part/role in the world today.

　　[短語(yǔ)歸納]

　　take part (in sth)參加, 參與(某事物 for the most part 整體上; 通常; 多半

　　the best part of sth(某事物的)絕大部分(尤指一段時(shí)間) for my part就我來(lái)說(shuō)

　　[練習(xí)] 中譯英

　　1). 有多少?lài)?guó)家要參加(世界杯賽)?

　　2). 對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō), 到哪兒吃飯都無(wú)所謂。

　　答案: 1). How many countries will be taking part (in the World Cup)?

　　2). For my part, I don't mind where we eat.

　　6. because of 因?yàn)?由于

　　[典例]1). They are here because of us. 他們是因?yàn)槲覀儊?lái)這里的。

　　[短語(yǔ)歸納]

　　because of 是復(fù)合介詞。

　　because 是從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　[練習(xí)] ⑴ He came late to school again _______ he got up too late.

　?、?The girl cried __________ what the teacher said.

　?、?we have to cancel our trip _________ the bad weather.

　　7. base on …以…為基礎(chǔ)

　　e.g The movie is based on facts

　　7.ever before 從前 8.even if/though 即使

　　9.be based on 以……為基礎(chǔ) 10.over time 長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)

　　11.in the early days 在早期 12.the same as 相同于

　　13. Believe it or not信不信由你

　　14. a number of +N. 許多,大量. 作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù).

　　the number of +N. …的數(shù)量. 作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

　　Eg A number of people have read this novel.

　　The number of people here is 50.

　　V重點(diǎn)句子 (旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料)

　　1. Which country do you think has the most English learners?

　　[解釋]do you think/believe/expect/ find/know/suppose 作為插入語(yǔ),放在特殊疑問(wèn)詞后，其它內(nèi)容緊跟其后并用陳述語(yǔ)序。

　　What time do you expect we will come and pick you up?你希望我們幾點(diǎn)來(lái)接你?

　　What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news?

　　你認(rèn)為他聽(tīng)到那個(gè)好消息后會(huì)做什么呢?

　　Why do you think their team could win the football match? 你認(rèn)為他們隊(duì)為什么能贏得那場(chǎng)足球賽呢?

　　2. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.

　　[解釋] than ever before 常與比較級(jí)連用，意為“比以往任何時(shí)候更”。如：

　　The stars were shining brightly in the dark sky, and the night was more beautiful than ever before. 繁星點(diǎn)綴在夜空里，夜晚比以往更美。

　　[練習(xí)] 中譯英

　　1). 簡(jiǎn)看起來(lái)比以前漂亮多了。 2). 雨下得比以前更大。

　　答案: 1). Jane looks much prettier than ever before.

　　2). It's raining harder than ever before.

　　拓展：(1)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞還有 although, though, no matter when/what..., whenever, wherever, however 等等。

　　(2)as也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，但要把其表語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)前置，且前置的單數(shù)名詞不可以加冠詞。

　?、貳ven though you achieve great success in your work, you should not be conceited.

　　即使你們?cè)诠ぷ髦腥〉昧司薮蟮某煽?jī)，也不應(yīng)該自滿。

　?、赪hatever you do, do it well.

　　不管你做什么，把它做好。

　?、跦owever hot it is, he won't take off his hat.

　　不管多熱，他都不摘下帽子。

　?、蹽irl as she is, she can go alone in the darkness.

　　盡管她是個(gè)女孩，她敢一個(gè)人走夜路。

　　[即境活用1]　(2007·浙江)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ______they knew it to be valuable.

　　A.as if B.now that C.even though D.so that

　　解析：even though=even if “即使”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　答案：C

　　2.Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)沒(méi)有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)。

　　(1)believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入語(yǔ)。

　　(2)no such thing 沒(méi)有這樣的事情。such與 all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one 等詞連用時(shí)，應(yīng)位于它們的后面。

　　①Believe it or not, he refused to accept our offer.信不信由你，他拒絕接受我們的幫助。

　?、赥here is no such street in the city.這城市沒(méi)有那樣的街道。

　?、跦e said he didn't have time or made some such excuse.他說(shuō)他沒(méi)有時(shí)間或別的諸如此類(lèi)的借口。

　　[即境活用2]　(2009·安徽)I’m amazed to hear from my school teacher again. ______， it is ten years since we met last.

　　A.In a word B.What’s more C.That’s to say D.Believe it or not

　　解析：句意：想不到又一次收到學(xué)校老師的來(lái)信，信不信由你，我們上次見(jiàn)面還是在十年前。in a word總之;what’s more而且;that’s to say也就是說(shuō);believe it or not信不信由你。

　　答案：D

　　3. with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

　　[應(yīng)用3]　(1)—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

　　—Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.

　　A.filled B.filling C.to fill D.being filled

　　解析：with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，work和fill是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示正在進(jìn)行，因此其后要用doing結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　答案：B

　　(2)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______， he gladly accepted it.

　　A.finished B.finishing C.having finished D.was finished

　　解析：根據(jù)work和finish是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，可以判斷出答案。

　　答案：A

　　(3)______ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.

　　A.With B.Besides C.As for D.Because of

　　解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)采用“with+賓語(yǔ)+不定式”。

　　答案：A

　　(4)It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room ______ his nose red.

　　A.to B.on C.in D.with

　　解析：這個(gè)句子考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的用法，用“with+名詞+形容詞”做狀語(yǔ)表示伴隨情況。而to、on、in作為介詞則沒(méi)有這種用法，故排除A、B、C，答案為D。句意是：外面天氣很冷，那個(gè)男孩跑進(jìn)了屋子時(shí)，鼻子紅紅的。

　　答案：D

　　語(yǔ)法講解

　　引語(yǔ)的概念(以課文88頁(yè)為主，本文重在方法提煉與鞏固)

　　直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語(yǔ) 直接引語(yǔ)通常都用引號(hào)括起來(lái)

　　用自己的話把別人的話陳述出來(lái)，叫間接引語(yǔ)

　　間接引語(yǔ)在多數(shù)情況下都構(gòu)成一個(gè) _賓語(yǔ)從句