高中英語(yǔ)關(guān)于書(shū)信寫(xiě)作的方法的介紹
高中英語(yǔ)關(guān)于書(shū)信寫(xiě)作的方法的介紹
英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)中，學(xué)生會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)到很多的不同類(lèi)型的寫(xiě)作，下面學(xué)習(xí)啦的小編將為大家?guī)?lái)關(guān)于書(shū)信的寫(xiě)作方法介紹，希望能夠幫助到大家。
高中英語(yǔ)關(guān)于書(shū)信寫(xiě)作的方法
—、書(shū)信寫(xiě)作要求
書(shū)信(Letter)一般可分為事務(wù)信件或公函(Business Letter or Offical Correspondence)以及私人信件
(Private Letter)兩大類(lèi)，
高考英語(yǔ)作文之書(shū)信寫(xiě)作指南。一般包括以下幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)：
1) 收信人的姓名和地址;
2) 寄信人的姓名及其與收信人的關(guān)系;
3) 寄信人的地址(有時(shí)可以省略);
4) 寫(xiě)信的時(shí)間;
5) 信的內(nèi)容。
1. 書(shū)信的格式
1) 信頭(Heading);
2) 稱(chēng)呼(Salutation);
3) 正文(Body of the letter);
4) 結(jié)束語(yǔ)(Complimentary close);
5) 簽名(signature)。
2. 書(shū)信的種類(lèi)
1) 邀請(qǐng)信
邀請(qǐng)信有正式和非正式之分，也有介于兩者之間者。正式邀請(qǐng)信一般屬于公函類(lèi)，私人邀請(qǐng)信一般屬于非正式文體。邀請(qǐng)朋友、熟人參加某一聚會(huì)時(shí)，再詞句上不一定多加斟酌，用詞太正規(guī)倒顯得關(guān)系不密切。但是如果與被邀請(qǐng)人不太熟悉的話(huà)，最好用正式文體。如雖認(rèn)識(shí)但并不十分了解，文體可介于兩個(gè)者之間。由此可見(jiàn)，私人邀請(qǐng)究竟用什么文體，關(guān)鍵看與被邀請(qǐng)人之間的親疏的程度。邀請(qǐng)信要明確寫(xiě)出活動(dòng)(是晚會(huì)、晚餐還是一般的聚會(huì)等)、活動(dòng)的時(shí)間地點(diǎn)組織這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的理由，有時(shí)還應(yīng)告訴對(duì)方可能出席的人，另外一般希望對(duì)方給予答復(fù)。
(1) 非正式邀請(qǐng)信，如;
26 Coventry St.
London
Sept. 15th, 1999.
Dear Jack,
I am going to the cinema to see the Red River Valley and I have two tickets. Would you like to come? The film starts at 7:30 p.m. Maybe we can meet at the Covent Garden Station at 7:00 p.m. and have a drink before the film starts. Please phone me at home to let me know.
Looking forward to seeing you.
Love
Mary
這封信是寫(xiě)給朋友的，所以用語(yǔ)比較隨便，比較口語(yǔ)化。
(2) 正式邀請(qǐng)信，如：
Dear Ms. Gupta;
It’s our great pleasure to announce that Jan. 19th is the 3rd anniversary of the founding of our corporation. We have a small party as follows: 7:00p.m.,Jan. 19th, Room No.123, Kunlun Hotel. At this moment, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to our clients for both courtesy and support over the past three years. Please confirm if you plant to attend.
Yours Sincerely,
Lewis
這是一封正式邀請(qǐng)信，十分正規(guī)，無(wú)論從句式，還是用語(yǔ)都十分講究。
(3) 介于正式和非正式之間的邀請(qǐng)信，如：
No.4 Middle School
Beijing 100034
April 29th,2000
Dear Miss Katherine,
I am very pleased to write to you. My name is Yu Hong and I am monitor of Class One, Grade Three of the No.2 Middle School of Ji'nan. Last year, you came here to give a speech, which was "Fast Reading". My classmates and I all thank you very much. We will have an English evening at 7:00--9:00 on the evening of May 4th in our classroom. Would you please come and attend the evening party? At the party, we will sing English songs, play games and so on. And we are anxious to invite you to come to sing us an English song. After that we can enjoy the music. We hope to see you soon.
Yours
Yu Hong
這封信是寫(xiě)給一位外籍教師的，這位外籍教師曾經(jīng)到過(guò)這所學(xué)校，雖然作者認(rèn)識(shí)，但并不十分了解。
2)感謝信
感謝信可分為感謝饋贈(zèng)、感謝款待、感謝幫助、感謝送行和感謝探病等。
感謝信一般包括以下幾點(diǎn)：
?、賹?duì)收信人的稱(chēng)謂;
?、趯?xiě)信的目的;(Thank you for…)
?、壑轮x并詳述所收到的禮物或得到的幫助等;
?、芙Y(jié)尾及謙稱(chēng)，
如：
Dear Ms. Gupta:
How regretful I must leave you house. Thank you for the many good things you provided. The chess game, tennis match and Mr. Gupta's delicious dishes gave me lots of enjoyment. If you came to Beijing for any reason, please come to my family. The kids are looking forward to seeing Aunt Jean. I believe we will have a very happy time.
Yours Sincerely, Lewis
3)求職信
求職信屬于公務(wù)信函，格式和用詞比較規(guī)。信的內(nèi)容大體上分為三部分
?、賹?xiě)信的目的，
?、谧晕医榻B，
?、垡?。
注意下面幾點(diǎn)：
?、賹?xiě)信的目的要直截了當(dāng)?shù)卦谛诺拈_(kāi)頭提出。
?、谧晕医榻B部分主要介紹自己的學(xué)歷、工作經(jīng)歷、解決問(wèn)題的能力等等。在行文、用詞上要表現(xiàn)出自信、懇切的態(tài)度，語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)明扼要，突出介紹自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，與眾不同的特長(zhǎng)或有利條件。還要緊扣用人單位的需求，巧用詞語(yǔ)，有國(guó)地說(shuō)服對(duì)方，此職非你莫屬。
?、圩詈筇岢鲞M(jìn)一步聯(lián)系的途徑，如：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)。還可以主動(dòng)提出接受面試或考核等。
?、芮舐毿旁趯?xiě)作特點(diǎn)上主要用第一人稱(chēng)以及動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：
Ms Li Ling
P.O.Box 231
Beijing
July 10,1999
Dear sir(s),
I have just read in the newspaper that a secretary of the English language in wanted in your company. I am therefore writing to you to introduce myself. I'd like to get the job. I am a girl college student of 22 years old. My name is Li Ling. I am studying in the language department. I can speak, read and write English very well. As a second language, I can read and speak a little French. I have some work experience as a typist in my spare time at school, and as a tourist guide during summer holidays. The bosses I worked for were all satisfied with my work. I am sure I'll satisfy you as well. You can get more information about my studies and work from the college. I am looking forward to visiting your office at any time for a talk or a test.
Faithfully
Li Ling
4)回信
寫(xiě)回信時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意正確理解寫(xiě)信人的意圖、所提問(wèn)題、必須對(duì)寫(xiě)信人的問(wèn)題給予明確的答復(fù)。
高中英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作關(guān)于日記的寫(xiě)作方法介紹
1.寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)日記與英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)系
人們常說(shuō)：要真正學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，就要培養(yǎng)用英語(yǔ)思想的能力，高考英語(yǔ)作文之日記寫(xiě)作指南。但是，要做到這一點(diǎn)是不容易的。有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單易行的辦法可以幫助我們練習(xí)用英語(yǔ)思想，那就是用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記。日記是十分自由的文體，不像作文，必須有正式的主題，講究文體。日記是思想，是感情，是內(nèi)心的一切。有朋友來(lái)你家作客，你可以寫(xiě)：We had a wonderful time together. 春節(jié)快到了，你或許可以這樣寫(xiě)：The Spring Festival is around the corner. It’s the most important occasion for the family reunion.甚至在夏天與蚊子的“斗爭(zhēng)”也可以成為日記的內(nèi)容：These annoying mosquitoes didn’t seem to be afraid of the mosquito coil(蚊香)I burned. So I had to hang up a mosquito-net. It was fun to lie inside the net reading a favorite magazine while those unpleasant small insects were looking at me helplessly outside.
實(shí)際上，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記是最有效的練習(xí)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的形式。它能夠讓你從各種生活細(xì)節(jié)及感受中學(xué)到最生活化、最地道的英語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)。比如：你今天吃了龍蝦，英語(yǔ)是 lobster;你想說(shuō)某個(gè)女同學(xué)堪稱(chēng)“校花”，那是 school beauty;考試作弊是 cheat in the exam，等等。因此，可以這么說(shuō)：如果你能流利地寫(xiě)出好的英語(yǔ)日記，你的英語(yǔ)就已經(jīng)成功了一大半。
2.寫(xiě)好英語(yǔ)日記的要點(diǎn)
1)養(yǎng)成積累詞語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣
從某種意義上說(shuō)，寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)日記又是最難的寫(xiě)作，因?yàn)樗_萬(wàn)象，涉及到生活的各個(gè)方面，對(duì)詞匯的要求特別高。因此，在日常學(xué)習(xí)中，必須做一個(gè)“有心人”，準(zhǔn)備一本筆記本，對(duì)一些英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣表達(dá)法及時(shí)記錄下來(lái)，以便在以后記日記的時(shí)候可以使用。在開(kāi)始記日記時(shí)，碰到一兩個(gè)英語(yǔ)詞匯不會(huì)寫(xiě)，不妨用漢語(yǔ)先寫(xiě)上，以后學(xué)會(huì)了英語(yǔ)表達(dá)，再補(bǔ)上去。千萬(wàn)不要因?yàn)橐粌蓚€(gè)詞寫(xiě)不出，就沒(méi)了記英語(yǔ)日記的興趣，以至放棄用英語(yǔ)記日記。只要你注意積累，一定會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)自己英語(yǔ)日記中夾雜的漢語(yǔ)會(huì)越來(lái)越少，最后變?yōu)槿康氐赖挠⒄Z(yǔ)日記。
2)英語(yǔ)日記的寫(xiě)作格式
日記的第一行，要寫(xiě)明年、月、日與星期，然后要寫(xiě)明當(dāng)天的氣候狀況，如果是游記，還要寫(xiě)明地點(diǎn)。這一部分中天氣狀況比較難寫(xiě)。下面是一些常用的描寫(xiě)天氣的英語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)：
晴 clear 陰 overcast 多云 cloudy 小雨 light rain
大雨 heavy rain 毛毛雨 drizzle 陣雨 shower
東風(fēng) east wind 南風(fēng) south wind 西風(fēng) west wind
北風(fēng) north wind 西南風(fēng) southwester 東南風(fēng) southeaster
東北風(fēng) northeaster 西北風(fēng) northwester
氣溫 temperature
炎熱 scorching heat 寒冷 icy cold 下雪 snow
冰雹 hail 虹 rainbow
日記正文可以是敘事、描述、說(shuō)明、議論等各種形式。其實(shí)，由于日記是非常隨便的，因此上述文體常常結(jié)合在一起使用。日記內(nèi)容取自生活，可長(zhǎng)可短，有時(shí)無(wú)事可記，一兩句也可以。切忌今天記，明天不記，三天打魚(yú)，兩天曬網(wǎng)，破壞了記日記的情趣。另外，日記也應(yīng)該盡可能講究一些文采，切忌寫(xiě)成流水賬。
3)英語(yǔ)日記中的縮寫(xiě)與省略
英語(yǔ)日記中的第一行的月份與星期通常都是縮寫(xiě)的：
Sunday----Sun Monday----Mon.
Tuesday----Tues. Wednesday----Wed.
Thursday----Thur. 或 Thurs. Friday----Fri.
Saturday----Sat. January----Jan.
February----Feb. March----Mar.
April----Apr. May----May. June----Jun.
July----Jul. August----Aug.
September----Sept. October----Oct.
November----Nov. December----Dec.
另外，英語(yǔ)日記中由于頻繁出現(xiàn)I，因此，常常省略，如：In the evening went with Xiao Li to the cinema. Finishing exercises, went to play tennis. 但如果省去I，會(huì)造成語(yǔ)義不清時(shí)，則不可省去：
My sister is good at English, but I am just so-so.
實(shí)際上，省與不省I，只是作者的一種習(xí)慣，為了記日記的方便。
最后需要一提的是，英語(yǔ)日記習(xí)慣一年一本，因此日期不必寫(xiě)年份，而只是在每年一本的日記本封面上或者在日記的第一頁(yè)和最后一頁(yè)加以注明即可。
下面三則學(xué)生日記供讀者參考：
Sun., Feb. 1 Overcast
The night before the examination
The clock struck eleven at night. The whole house was quiet. Everyone was in bed except me. Under the strong light, I looked gloomily before me at a huge pile of that disgusting stuff they call“books”.
I was going to have my examination the next day. “Whencan I go to bed ” I asked myself. I did not answer. In fact I dared not.
The clock struck 12.“Oh, dear!”I cried. “Ten more books to read before I can go to bed!”We students are the most wretched creatures in the world.
考試是學(xué)生日記“永恒的主題”，寫(xiě)得真實(shí)有趣。
Mon., May 9 Clear
A watermelon
Got a present of a watermelon cooled down in the well(在井里冷卻過(guò)的)from my next-door neighbour. As I was very thirsty, enjoyed it very much. They say the watermelons have turned out very well this summer due to the dry weather.
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