九年級英語上重點知識點(4)
九年級英語上重點知識點:Unit 4
一、知識點
1、①give sb sth=give sth to sb
類似的詞還有:pass、lend、show、write、send等
?、赽uy sb sth=buy sth for sb
類似的詞還有:make、draw、cook等
2、hundred 、thousand、mi11ion與數(shù)字連用不能用復數(shù)。
hundreds of、thousands of、mi11ions of中必須用復數(shù)。
3、look for尋找find找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)
find out指經(jīng)過觀察、探索、調(diào)查等弄清楚、弄明白。
discover 指發(fā)現(xiàn)那些客觀存在而不為人所知的實情。如科學上的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。
4、bring 帶來 take 帶走 fetch 去并拿來
5、talk to/with sb 同××說話。
tell 告訴, 分辨,辨別。
speak to sb 同××說話,做及物動詞,后跟語言。
say 后跟名詞、代詞及賓語從句做賓語,著重強調(diào)說話內(nèi)容。
6、What if …… 如果……將會怎么樣?(引導條件狀語從句、疑問句)
eg What if she doesn’t come? 她要是不來怎么辦?
What if your parent don’t agree? 如果你的父母不同意怎么辦?
What if you should fall sick? 如果你生病了怎么辦?
7、before 引導一個句子,為連詞。后跟短語或名詞等,則為介詞。
8、food 表示食品種類,一種食物時,為可數(shù)名詞
eg fried foods 油炸食品 break foods 早餐食品 frozen foods 冷凍食品
9、復數(shù)名詞可表示一類食品(如 dogs)
a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞可表示一類(如 a dog)
10、confident(adj.) confidence(n.)
11、What does/do ×× look like? 問相貌。
What’s ×× like? 問“品質(zhì)性格”。
12、 give a speech 做演講 have a speech聽演講 give a report 做報告
have a report 聽報告
13、permission (n.) 允許,許可 permit (v.) 允許
14、plenty of 充足的,相當多的。修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,只能用于肯定句。否定、疑問句中用 enough.
15、not……in the slightest=not……at all 根本不
16、company ①公司 ②一群人,一伙人 ③ 陪伴
17、get along (with)=get on (with)
①進行,進展
eg The business is getting along very well. 生意進展的很順利。
How are you getting along with your English study? 你的英語學習進展的怎么樣了?
?、谙嗵?/p>
eg Do you get along with your boss?= Do you and your boss get along? 你跟老板合得來嗎?
I’m getting along very well with my classmates. 我和同學們相處得很好。
18、would rather … than … (= would … rather than)寧愿,而不愿。
前后連接兩個動詞原形,否定形式為:would rather not do sth
?、賥ould rather … than … = prefer … to …
但prefer … to … 若連接兩個動詞,動詞應為v-ing 形式。
eg He would rather jog than play football.=He prefers jogging to playing football.
?、趙ould rather 常單獨使用,表示“寧愿做…”
eg He would rather watch TV at home.
?、踨ather than = instead of 而不是
連接兩個并列成分,前后對稱。
eg I’d prefer to go to in summer rather than in winter.
I decided to write rather than telephone.
I like going out with you rather than with him.
She enjoys listening rather than speaking.
19、today、here、there、downstairs、upstairs、above、below做賓語修飾名詞,放在名詞之后
eg the weather today今天的天氣 people here這里的人們the man downstairs樓下的那個男的
the passage below 下面的這段話
20、a little = a bit 修飾形容詞、副詞 a little = a bit of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞
21、There is an English speech contest next month
用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來,表示計劃或安排好的動作,或者日歷、時刻表的規(guī)定內(nèi)容。
22、the rest 其余的,可指代可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。The other(s) 只能指代可數(shù)名詞
23、come up with 提出或提出(答案、方法)等。類似于think of.
eg How would you come up with this idea? 你怎樣想出這個注意的?
My brother is a person who often comes up with good idea.我弟弟是個常常能想出好點子的人
24、offer 提供 offer sb sth 給××…… offer to sb sth 主動提出干……
二、短語
1、give it to charity 把它捐給慈善機構 2、medical research 醫(yī)學研究
3、What if …… 如果…怎么樣? 4、get nervous 緊張
5、take a big exam 參加大考 6、help with 有助于
7、in public 在公共場合 8、hardly ever 幾乎不
9、the whole school 全校 10、without permission 為經(jīng)許可
11、be(make) friends with 與…交朋友 12、ask one’s permission 請求××的允許
13、introduce…to… 把…介紹給… 14、invite…to do… 邀請…干…
15、social situations 社會環(huán)境 16、not… in the slightest 根本不,一點也不
17、right away 立刻,馬上 18、all day 全天
19、be friendly to 對…友好 20、at lunch time 在午飯時間
21、a bit shy 有點害羞 22、English speech contest 英語演講比賽
23、represent the class 代表班級 24、come top 名列第一(前茅)
25、let … down 使…失望 26、come up with 提出、想出
27、be sure of + n./pron. 28、the rest of the students 其余的學生
be sure to do 相信… 29、have a lot of experience (in) doing sth
be sure +that 從句 在做某事方面有經(jīng)驗
30、deal with 對付,處理 31、come out 出版
32、give advice on… 在…方面提出意見、建議 33、by accident 偶然地,無意之中
34、hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙干… 35、an internet friend 網(wǎng)友
三、句子
1、He doesn’t know if he should bring a present. 他不知道是否該帶禮物。
2、You shouldn’t worry about what other people say.你不應該考慮別人說什么。
3、What will you do if you had a million dollars? 如果你有一百萬美元,你會干什么?
4、If I were you, I ‘d take a small present.如果我是你,我會帶一個小禮物。
5、I’m too tired to do well.我太累了,沒考好。
6、Dogs can be a lot of trouble.狗會帶來很多麻煩。
7、What are you like? 你是什么樣的人?
8、I’d invite him/her to have dinner at my house.我會邀請他(她)到我家吃飯。9、You enjoy the company of other people.你喜歡別人的陪伴。
10、I feel nervous talking in front of many people.我在眾人面前講話時感到緊張。11、She always comes top in the school exams.她在學校的考試中總是名列前茅。
12、She doesn’t want to let her friends down.她不愿讓朋友失望。
13、If I were you, I’ll get out of here.如果我是你,我會離開這里。
虛擬語氣
一、詞的語氣
指我們平常說的說話人說話的口氣。(在英語中,語氣除了指語調(diào)以外,最主要的是通過動詞發(fā)生變化而表示不同語氣)
英語中的語氣分為三類:
陳述語氣(用于陳述句、疑問句、感嘆句)
祈使語氣(用于祈使句)
虛擬語氣(用于條件狀語從句、賓語從句等)
二、虛擬語氣
如果所說的不是事實,而是一種假設、愿望、建議或是一種實現(xiàn)不了的空想,就用虛擬語氣。
三、虛擬語氣在非真實條件狀語從句中的用法
1、真實條件狀語從句與非真實條件狀語從句
eg If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真實條件狀語)
If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真實條件狀語)
If I were you, I would go at once.(非真實條件狀語從句)
If there was no air, people would die.(非真實條件狀語從句)
2、虛擬語氣在非真實條件狀語從句中的用法及動詞形式
① 表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況
(條件)從句謂語動詞形式 主句謂語動詞形式
謂語動詞用過去式(be用were) should/would/could/might+動詞原形
eg:If I were you, I’d take an umbrella.如果我是你,我會帶把傘。(事實:我不可能是你)
If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.
如果我知道他的電話號碼,我就會告訴你。(事實:不知道)
If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果沒有水和空氣,地球上就不會有生物。(事實:地球上既有空氣也有水)
If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.
如果我?guī)уX了,我就會借給你些。(事實:沒帶錢)
If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些,就能通過考試了。(事實:學習不用功)
?、诒硎九c過去事實相反的情況
從句謂語動詞形式 主句謂語動詞形式
Had+過去分詞 Should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞
eg If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.
如果我早到那兒,我就會見到她。(事實:去晚了)
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.
如果他聽我的勸告的話,就不會犯這樣的錯誤了。(事實:沒有聽我的話)
?、郾硎緦砬闆r的主觀推測(可能相反或可能性很小)
從句 例句 主句
?、?were
If+主語 ② did
?、踳ere to do
(①通常與一個表示時間狀語連用)其 中were to do可能性最小,
should+動詞原形。 If it rained tomorrow our picnic
would be put off.
萬一那天下雨,我們的郊游
就推遲。
should/would do might
主句 /could
eg: If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.
如果他哪天來這兒的話,我就跟他談談。(事實:來的可能性很小)
If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.
如果下周日下大雪,我們就不能去滑冰了,(事實:不知能否下雪)
If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.
如果她下周一來這兒的話,我就會告訴她這件事得始末。
四、虛擬語氣的其他用法
1、虛擬語氣用在wish 后的賓語從句
a、表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望,謂語動詞用過去式
eg: I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那樣的頭腦。(事實:我根本比不上你)
b、表示過去事實相反的愿望,謂語動詞:had+v-ed
eg: I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希望我原來知道這件事的真相。(事實:原來不知道)
c、表示將來難以實現(xiàn)的愿望
謂語動詞:should/would + 動詞原形
eg: I wish I should have a chance again.很難再有這樣的機會了。(事實:很難再有這樣的機會了)
?、谔摂M語氣用在suggest(建議)、insist(堅持)、demand(要求)、order(命令)等動詞后的賓語從句中。
在這種用法中,無論主句謂語動詞為何種時態(tài),從句的謂語動詞都用:“should + 動
詞原形”或只用“動詞原形”。
如 He suggested
He insisted
He demand that we (should) take the teacher’s advice
He ordered
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