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　　六年級(jí)小升初英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)(一)學(xué)生易錯(cuò)詞匯

　　1. a, an的選擇: 元音字母開頭的單詞用an，輔音字母開頭的單詞用a.

　　2 am , is , are的選擇: 單數(shù)用is , 復(fù)數(shù)用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.

　　3 have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。單數(shù)用has , 復(fù)數(shù)用have. I ,you 用 have .

　　4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物，某人。單數(shù)用there is , 復(fù)數(shù)用there are.

　　5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.

　　6. 疑問詞的選擇:what (什么) who (誰) where (哪里) whose (誰的) why(為什么)when(什么時(shí)候)which(哪一個(gè))how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少錢)

　　六年級(jí)小升初英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)(二)動(dòng)詞過去式詳解

　　動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有：

　　A、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞

　?、僖话阒苯釉趧?dòng)詞的后面加ed如　worked , learned , cleaned , visited

　　②以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加d如　lived , danced , used

　?、垡暂o音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如　study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (play、stay)

　?、?雙寫最后一個(gè)字母(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如　stopped

　　B、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則，須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動(dòng)詞的原形和過去式：sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,

　　are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt

　　六年級(jí)小升初英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)(三)形容詞比較級(jí)詳解

　　當(dāng)我們需要對(duì)事物作出比較時(shí)，需要用到比較級(jí)。比較級(jí)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是：

　　什么 + 動(dòng)詞be (am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級(jí) + than(比)+ 什么 ,如：

　　I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)

　　An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)

　　形容詞的比較級(jí)是在形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變化而來的，它的變化規(guī)則是：

　　① 一般的直接在詞尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,

　?、?以e結(jié)尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer ,

　　③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，先改y為i再加er，如funny - funnier

　?、?雙寫最后的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter

　　☆注意☆ 比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對(duì)應(yīng)的可比較的東西。

　　典型錯(cuò)誤：My hair is longer than you.(我的頭發(fā)比你更長。)

　　比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā)、你(整個(gè)人)，那么比較的對(duì)象就沒有可比性。

　　應(yīng)該改為：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.

　　六年級(jí)小升初英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)(四)　句型專項(xiàng)歸類

　　肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如：I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

　　There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

　　2、否定句：含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子，如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

　　He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.

　　He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

　　☆注意☆ 小結(jié)：否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 “not”。有動(dòng)詞be的句子則“not”加在be后面，可縮寫成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要先在主要?jiǎng)釉~的前面加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞(do，does，did)，然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它們縮寫在 一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時(shí)，不論主語是什么人 稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。

　　3、一般疑問句：是指詢問事實(shí)的句子，此類句子必須用“yes”，或“no”來回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.

　　Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

　　Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

　　Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.

　　Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)

　　Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).

　　Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

　　Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.

　　☆注意☆ 小結(jié)：一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上，

　?、侔褎?dòng)詞be調(diào)到首位，其他照寫，末尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)變成問號(hào)即可。

　?、跊]有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞(do，does，did)再把緊跟在后面的動(dòng)詞變回原形，末尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)變成問號(hào)即可。

　　這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞也要根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時(shí)，不論主語是什么人稱 和數(shù)，都用“did” 。一般疑問句有個(gè)重要的原則就是問和答要一致，即問句里的第一個(gè)單詞(助動(dòng)詞)和簡略答句里的這個(gè)詞是一致的。

　　4、特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”來回答。如：

　　What is this? It’s a computer.

　　What does he do? He’s a doctor.

　　Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.

　　Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.

　　Which season do you like best? Summer.

　　When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.

　　Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.

　　Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.

　　How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.

　　How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.

　　☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問詞組用來提問，如： how many(多少(數(shù)量)), how much(多少(錢)), how tall(多高), how long(多長), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)

　　例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.

　　How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.

　　How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.

　　☆小結(jié)：how many 用來提問可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，主要有以上三種句式搭配，

　　How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + do you have? 你有多少……?

　　How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + can you see? 你能看見多少……?

　　How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there…? 有多少……?