高中英語(yǔ)高考知識(shí)點(diǎn)
高中英語(yǔ)高考知識(shí)點(diǎn)
2017高考英語(yǔ)正在緊張地備考中,英語(yǔ)有哪些知識(shí)點(diǎn)是需要你掌握的呢?接下來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理了高中英語(yǔ)高考知識(shí)點(diǎn),一起來(lái)看看吧。
高中英語(yǔ)高考知識(shí)點(diǎn):主語(yǔ)從句
主語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句,通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語(yǔ)it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主語(yǔ)和it引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的比較。
It 作形式主語(yǔ)代替主語(yǔ)從句,主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu),主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞沒(méi)有變化。而it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句則是對(duì)句子某一部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào),無(wú)論強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么成分,都可用連詞that。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人是也可用who/whom。
例如:
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
It is in the morning that the murder took place.
It is John that broke the window.
2. 用it 作形式主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)。
(1) It is +名詞+從句
It is a fact that … 事實(shí)是…
It is an honor that …非常榮幸
It is common knowledge that …是常識(shí)
(2) it is +形容詞+從句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3) it is +不及物動(dòng)詞+從句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
(4) it +過(guò)去分詞+從句
It is reported that… 據(jù)報(bào)道…
It has been proved that… 已證實(shí)…
3. 主語(yǔ)從句不可位于句首的五種情況。
(1) if 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。
(2) It is said , (reported) …結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句不可提前。
例如:
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right)
That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)
(3) It happens…, It occurs… 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句不可提前。
例如:
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right)
That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)
(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句不可提前。
例如:
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right)
Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong)
(5) 含主語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句是疑問(wèn)句時(shí),主語(yǔ)從句不可提前。
例如:
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right)
Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong)
4. What 與that 在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的區(qū)別。
What 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)在句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分,如主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ).表語(yǔ),而that 則不然。
例如:
1) What you said yesterday is right.
2) That she is still alive is a consolation.
高中英語(yǔ)高考知識(shí)點(diǎn):同位語(yǔ)從句
同位語(yǔ)從句就是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語(yǔ)的名詞性從句。
1. 同位語(yǔ)從句的功能。
同位語(yǔ)從句對(duì)于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋,說(shuō)明名詞的具體內(nèi)容,一般由that引導(dǎo)。
例如:
1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
2. 同位語(yǔ)在句子中的位置。
同位語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說(shuō)明的名詞后面,而是被別的詞隔開(kāi)。
例如:
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
3. 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。
(1) 定語(yǔ)從句中的that既代替先行詞,同時(shí)以在從句中作某個(gè)成分(主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)),而同位語(yǔ)從句中的that是連詞,只起連接主句與從句的作用,不充當(dāng)句中任何成分。
(2) 定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性的,其功能是修飾先行詞,對(duì)先行詞加以限定,描述定的性質(zhì)或特征;同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性的,其功能是對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。例如:
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國(guó)。)(第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句是定語(yǔ)從句,that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(湯姆將出國(guó)的消息是他講的。)(同位語(yǔ)從句,that在句中不作任何成分) 。