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學(xué)習(xí)啦 > 學(xué)習(xí)方法 > 各學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)方法 > 英語學(xué)習(xí)方法 > 新概念英語第一冊知識點

新概念英語第一冊知識點

時間: 芷瓊1026 分享

新概念英語第一冊知識點

  英語教材是英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的理念的體現(xiàn),是英語課堂教學(xué)的首要載體,是英語課程實施的焦點和中樞。新概念英語第一次有哪些知識點呢?接下來學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理了新概念英語第一冊知識點,一起來看看吧。

  新概念英語第一冊知識點:完成時

  在完成時構(gòu)成:主語+助動詞have, has+過去分詞

  用法:

  1) 表示過去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系的動作,常和just, usually, already, since等時間副詞連用

  I have just had lunch. (飽了,不用再吃了)

  He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了,不用再喝)

  They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了)

  The boy has already read the book. (已經(jīng)知道書的內(nèi)容了,不用再看了)

  2) 詢問別人是否做過某事一般用現(xiàn)在完成時:

  Have you finished your homework?

  Have you been to Beijing?

  Have he seen the film?

  3) 表示開始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作

  I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.

  I have worked for this school for 1 year.

  4) 表示一種經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)驗:去過…地方,做過…事情,經(jīng)歷過…事情

  I have never had a bath.

  I have never seen a film.

  I have never been to cinema.

  I have ever been to Paris.

  Have been to表示去過,have gone to 表示去了

  I have been to London.(人已經(jīng)回來)

  He has gone to London.(人還在那里)

  5) 表示一種結(jié)果, 一般不和時間副詞聯(lián)用

  I have lost my pen.

  I have hurt myself.

  He has become a teacher.

  She has broken my heart.

  句型變化:

  ★變疑問句將助動詞移到句首,變否定句在助動詞后面加not.

  e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.

  ★肯定回答及否定回答

  Yes, I have. No, I have not.

  ★特殊疑問句:

  What have you done?

  What has he done?

  一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別:

  凡是有明確的表示過去的時間狀語的句子為過去時

  注意:有些動詞表示的動作有一個終點,不能再延續(xù),因此不能和表示一段時間狀語連用

  錯:I’ve left Beijing for 3 days.

  對:I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.

  新概念英語第一冊知識點:動詞的變化

  1)代詞及be動詞

  主格 I we you you she/he/it they

  賓格 me us you you her/him/it them

  代詞所有格 my our your your her/his/its their

  名詞性代詞 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs

  be動詞現(xiàn)在時 Am are are are is are

  be動詞過去時 was were were were was were

  2)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)

  規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式

  規(guī)則1 一般情況+s e.g. shell→shells toy→toys

  規(guī)則2 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches

  規(guī)則3 以o結(jié)尾+s或+es e.g. radio→radios potato→potatoes

  規(guī)則4 以f, fe結(jié)尾的,變f, fe為ves e.g. life→lives half→halves

  規(guī)則5 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾, 變y為i+es e.g. sky→skies study→studies

  3)動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式

  規(guī)則1 一般情況+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks

  規(guī)則2 以s, x, ch, sh和o結(jié)尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches

  規(guī)則3 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾, 變y為i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies

  4)動詞現(xiàn)在分詞

  規(guī)則1 一般動詞加-ing e.g. look-looking, read-reading, play-playing

  規(guī)則2 以不發(fā)音的字母結(jié)尾的單詞去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arriving

  規(guī)則3 重讀閉音節(jié)詞結(jié)尾, 即單詞中只有一個元音字母,其后緊跟一個輔音字母的詞,雙寫輔音字母再加-ing e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopping

  5)動詞過去式

  規(guī)則動詞變化

  規(guī)則1 一般動詞加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played

  規(guī)則2 以e結(jié)尾的加-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived

  規(guī)則3 以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的變y為i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried

  規(guī)則4 重讀閉音節(jié)詞結(jié)尾, 即單詞中只有一個元音字母,其后緊跟一個輔音字母的詞,雙寫輔音字母再加-ed stop-stopped

  過去式的讀音

  在清輔音后面(除外)讀/t/ e.g. walked, jumped

  在濁輔音和元音后讀/d/ e.g. washed, watched

  在/t/,/d/后讀/id/ e.g. waited, hated

  6)形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級

  比較級

  規(guī)則1 一般加-er e.g. high-higher

  規(guī)則2 以e結(jié)尾加-r nice-nicer

  規(guī)則3 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾,變y為i再加-er busy-busier

  規(guī)則4 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾, 雙寫輔音字母再加-er fat-fatter

  最高級

  規(guī)則1 一般加-est e.g. high-highest

  規(guī)則2 以e結(jié)尾加-st nice-nicest

  規(guī)則3 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾,變y為i再加-est busy-busiest

  規(guī)則4 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾, 雙寫輔音字母再加--est fat-fattest

  7)常見縮寫:

  is='s I am=I'm are='re

  is not=isn't /iznt/ are not=aren't /a:nt/

  do not=don't

  does not=doesn't

  was='s

  did not=didn't

  can not=can't

  have='ve

  has='s

  have not=haven't

  has not=hasn't

  will='ll

  will not=won't

  shall not=shan't

  新概念英語第一冊知識點:倒裝句

  完全倒裝:又稱"全部倒裝",是指將句子中的謂語全部置于主語之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用于一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。也就是謂語+主語+……

  理論的東西說多了大家迷糊,其實我們通常見到的There be句型就是完全倒裝句

 ?、賂here be(的各種形式)+主語(+地點或時間狀語)

  例子:

  There was problem between us.我們倆之間曾經(jīng)有矛盾

  There are ducks swimming in the river.河里有很多鴨子在游

 ?、诟痹~小品詞+謂語動詞+名詞主語+……

  例子:

  Out runs a lady.跑出來一位女士

  Away flew the birds.鳥兒飛走了

 ?、圻^去分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞+be的各種形式+主語+……

  例子:

  Standing beside the table was his wife.站在桌子旁的是他的夫人

  需要注意的是,某些副詞開頭的句子構(gòu)成的完全倒裝here、there、now、then、thus等副詞開頭的句子可構(gòu)成完全倒裝。條件是謂語動詞是不及物動詞,如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。需要注意的是,當(dāng)主語是代詞時,不能構(gòu)成倒裝。(方位詞在句首,主語是名詞,全部倒裝)

  例子:

  Here comes Harry Potte.哈利波特來了。

  Here it is.在這里。

  Here is your bag.這是你的包,根據(jù)語境還可翻譯為給你包。

  部分倒裝(PartialInversion)(又稱半倒裝句):指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態(tài)動詞倒裝至主語之前,而謂語動詞無變化。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞,則需添加助動詞do,does或did,并將其置于主語之前。

  表示強調(diào)倒裝句最突出、最常見的修辭效果就是強調(diào),其表現(xiàn)形式如下:

  1.only+狀語或狀語從句置于句首,被該狀語修飾的句子用部分倒裝。

  例子:

  Only in this way can you solve this problem.

  只有用這種方法,你才可以解決這個問題。

  Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.

  只有當(dāng)他已經(jīng)說出那個字后才意識到自己犯了個大錯誤。

  2.hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom, never,no more,no longer,not,not only,no sooner,not only…(but also),not until…等具有否定意義的詞或詞組位于句首,句子用部分倒裝。

  例子:

  No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

  我剛到家就下起了雨。

  Seldom do I go to work by bus.

  我很少乘公共汽車上班。

  Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night.

  她昨晚十二點才上床睡覺。

  3.so/such...that結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such位于句首可以構(gòu)成部分倒裝句,表示強調(diào)so/such和that之間的部分。

  例子:

  So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.

  他的要價太離譜,令每個人都瞠目結(jié)舌。

  To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.

  她的彩排進行得那么長,以致于那兩個演員都走出去了。

  以上各例都用倒裝語序突出了句首成分,其語氣較自然語序強烈,因而具有極佳的修辭效果。


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