廣州中考英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)
英語是中考重點(diǎn)的考查科目之一,那么你知道廣州中考英語都有哪些知識(shí)點(diǎn)嗎?接下來學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理了廣州中考英語知識(shí)點(diǎn),一起來看看吧。
廣州中考英語知識(shí)點(diǎn):代詞
代詞是代替名詞、形容詞和數(shù)詞的詞。按其意義、特征及其在句中的作用分為:人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞和關(guān)系代詞等。
一. 人稱代詞
1.人稱代詞的人稱、數(shù)和格,如下表所示。
2.人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作主語,賓格作賓語。如:
I like tabletennis. (作主語)
Do you know him?(作賓語)
3.人稱代詞還可作表語。作表語時(shí)用賓格。如:
---Whos isknocking at the door?
---It’s me.
4.人稱代詞在than之后與其他人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí),用主格和賓格都可以。如:
He is olderthan me.
He is older than I am.
二. 物主代詞
1.表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性
物主代詞,如下表所示。
2. 形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞,可在句中作定語。例如:
Our teacheris coming to see us.
Thisis her pencil-box.
3. 名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞,在句中可用作主語、賓語和表語。
Our school ishere, and theirs is there.(作主語)
--- Is thisEnglish-book yours? (作表語)
--- No. Mine is inmy bag.
I've alreadyfinished my homework. Have you finished yours? (作賓語)
三. 指示代詞
指示代詞包括:this,that,these,those。
1. this和these一般用來指在時(shí)間或空間上較近的事物或人,that和those
則指時(shí)間和空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人,例如:
This isa pen and that is a pencil.
We are busy these days.
In those daysthe workers had a hard time.
2. 有時(shí)that和those指前面講到過的事物,this 和these則是指下面將要講
到的事物,例如:
I had a cold. That'swhy I didn't come.
What I want to sayis this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English.
3. 有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)提到的名詞,常可用that或those代替,例如:
Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those madein Shanghai.
4. this 在電話用語中代表自己,that 則代表對(duì)方。例如:
Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jackspeaking?
四. 反身代詞
英語中用來表示"我自己","你自己","他自己","我們自己","你們自己"
等意義的代詞稱為反身代詞,也有人稱之為自身代名詞,其形式如表所示。
反身代詞可以在句中作賓語,表語,同位語。
1. 作賓語,表示動(dòng)作的承受者就是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,主語和賓語指同一個(gè)人
或一些人。
Hecalled himself a writer.
Wouldyou please express yourself in English?
2. 作表語。
It doesn't matter.I'll be myself soon.
The girl in the news is myself.
3. 作主語或賓語的同位語,表示親自或本人。
I myself washed the clothes.(=I washed the clothes myself.)(作主語同位語)
You should ask the teacher himself.(作賓語同位語)
廣州中考英語知識(shí)點(diǎn):感嘆句
表示喜怒哀樂等強(qiáng)烈感情時(shí)用感嘆句。感嘆句分為兩種,一種以what引導(dǎo),一種以how引導(dǎo)。句尾用感嘆號(hào)“!”。用降調(diào)。
What a clever boy he is!多么聰明的小男孩啊!
How clever the boy is!這小男孩多聰明啊!
1. what 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句
句型:
(1)what + a/an +形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+陳述句(主語+謂語)
What a beautiful city it is! 這是一個(gè)多么美麗的城市啊!
What an interesting story she told! 她講了一個(gè)多么有趣的故事啊!
(2)what+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+陳述句(主語+謂語)
What expensive watches they are! 它們時(shí)多么昂貴的手表啊!
What terrible weather it is! 這是多么糟糕的天氣啊!
2. how 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句
句型:
(1)How+形容詞/副詞+陳述句(主語+謂語)
How hot it is today!今天天氣多么熱啊!
How hard he works! 他工作多么努力啊!
(2)How+陳述句(主語+謂語)
How he loves his son! 他多愛他的兒子啊!
(3)How+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+陳述句(主語+謂語)
How tall a tree it is! 這是一棵多么高的樹啊!
3. 上述兩種感嘆句可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。
What a clever boy he is!→How clever the boy is!
What a hot day it is today!→How hot it is today!
【注意】what和how引導(dǎo)的兩種感嘆句,在口語中常用簡略式,即省略后一部分(陳述句部分)如:
How cold!多冷啊!
What heavy traffic!交通多擠啊!
4. 比較:感嘆句和特殊疑問句
感嘆句:How busy you are!(陳述句語序)你多么忙啊!
疑問句:How busy are you?(疑問句語序)你有多忙?
這兩種句子的根本區(qū)別在于:感嘆句后面是陳述句語序,而疑問句的語序要顛倒。
廣州中考英語知識(shí)點(diǎn):連接詞
一,表示并列關(guān)系的連詞有:
and,both…and,neither…nor,either…or,not only…but also,as well as
1.and
“和,并且”,連接對(duì)等的詞句。(在否定句中要用or連接。)
I like physics and chemistry.我喜歡物理和化學(xué)。
I don’t like physics or chemistry.我不喜歡物理和化學(xué)。
2.both…and“……和……都”
Both Jim and Mary went to the cinema yesterday.昨天吉姆和瑪麗都去看電影了。
Exercise is good both for body and for mind.運(yùn)動(dòng)有益于身心。
3.neither…nor兩者皆不
He neither smokes nor drinks.他既不抽煙又不喝酒。
I like neither swimming nor skating.我既不喜歡游泳,又不喜歡溜冰。
4.either…or不是…就是…,或者…或者….。
Either you come to the office now,or wait for me at home.
你要么現(xiàn)在到辦公室來,要么就在家等著。
Either he or I will leave.不是他就是我將要離開。
5.not only…but(also)不但……而且……(not only…but also中的also可以省略。)
Not only she but also I am wrong.不但她錯(cuò)了,我也錯(cuò)了。
He not only made a promise,but kept it.他不僅許諾,而且做到了。
6.as well as也、又
We will rescue Henry as well as you.除了你,我們還要營救亨利。
He likes basketball as well as football.除了足球,他還喜歡籃球。
二、常用的從屬連詞:
(一)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連詞有:when,while,since,until,after,before,as soon as
1.when當(dāng)……時(shí)
When we got there,the meeting had begun.我們到時(shí),會(huì)議已經(jīng)開始了。
It was raining when she arrived at the station.她到達(dá)車站時(shí),正在下雨。588.es
2.while正當(dāng)……時(shí),正在……時(shí)。(while引導(dǎo)的從句中,謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,且常常用進(jìn)行時(shí)。
Don’t make any noise while others are reading.別人讀書時(shí)不要制造噪音。
She sang while she was walking.她邊走邊唱。
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