初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
首先要養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣,然后合理利用時(shí)間,另外還要注意"專心、用心、恒心"等基本素質(zhì)的培養(yǎng),對(duì)于自身的優(yōu)勢(shì)、缺陷等更要有深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)。下面小編為大家?guī)?lái)初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納,希望對(duì)您有所幫助!
初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
重點(diǎn)句型和短語(yǔ)
一、 have fun doing sth.
【句型介紹】 意為\"做某事有樂(lè)趣\",其中have fun 相當(dāng)于enjoy oneself,表示過(guò)得愉快。
1. 英語(yǔ)中的集體名詞,如family, class, team等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),若作為一個(gè)整體看,其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);若強(qiáng)調(diào)其組成成員,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
My family is a happy one. 我家是個(gè)幸福的家庭。
My family are all watching TV. 我們?nèi)胰硕荚诳措娨暋?/p>
2. 在比較級(jí)中,要注意than后面人稱代詞的格。
1)當(dāng)句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),than后面的.代詞用主格還是賓格,在意思上通常沒(méi)有區(qū)別。如:
He runs faster than I / me. 他跑得比我快。
They get to school earlier than we / us every day. 他們每天都比我們到校早。
2)當(dāng)句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),than后面的人稱代詞用主格還是賓格在意思上就有差別了。試比較:
I like you more than he. (=I like you more than he likes you.) 我比他更喜歡你。
I like you more than him. (=I like you more than I like him.) 你和他相比,我更喜歡你。
3. 不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面,一般指一個(gè)還沒(méi)有發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如:
Do you have anything to say about this? 有關(guān)這件事你有沒(méi)有什么要說(shuō)的?
4. 在比較句型中,than后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常常省略。也可以用相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞來(lái)代替與前面相同的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,以避免重復(fù)。如:
Tom does better at the lessons than I (do). 湯姆功課比我好。
She ate less than I (did) for breakfast. 她早飯吃得比我少。
5. You\'d better ... 是You had better ... 的縮寫(xiě)形式。 had better 為固定短語(yǔ),意為\"最好......\",后接動(dòng)詞原形,常用來(lái)提出建議或勸告,其否定形式是\"had better not + 動(dòng)詞原形\"。如:
You\'d better not stay there too long. 你最好別在那里呆得太久。
We had fun playing computer games. 我們玩電腦游戲很愉快。
【句式比較】 have a good / nice / wonderful time doing sth. 做某事有樂(lè)趣
Did you have a good / nice / wonderful time visiting that country? 訪問(wèn)那個(gè)國(guó)家你們快樂(lè)嗎?
【特別提醒】 句中fun為不可數(shù)名詞,表樂(lè)趣,前面不能加不定冠詞。
二、 But I don\'t know what to do.
【句型介紹】 疑問(wèn)詞 + 不定式可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。
I don\'t know how to get her help. 我不知道怎樣才能得到她的幫助。
Where to buy this kind of seed is unknown to me. 我不知道去哪兒購(gòu)買這種種子。
My question is when to leave for Tokyo. 我的問(wèn)題是什么時(shí)候去東京。
【句式比較】 疑問(wèn)詞 + 不定式可轉(zhuǎn)換成連詞(原疑問(wèn)詞)引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句。
I don\'t know where we can find her. 我不知道在哪兒能找到她。
How she will go there is still a secret. 她怎么去那里還是一個(gè)謎。
Her question is how she can pass the exam. 她的問(wèn)題是她怎樣才能通過(guò)這次考試。
【特別提醒】 疑問(wèn)詞 + 不定式轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序。
三、 This is ... speaking.
【句型介紹】 該句為打電話用語(yǔ),用來(lái)進(jìn)行自我介紹,This代表我,speaking可以省去。
Hello! This is Tom (speaking). 你好,我是湯姆。
【句式比較】 Who is that (speaking)? 你是誰(shuí)?that用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方是誰(shuí),speaking可以省去。 Is that ... (speaking)? 你是......嗎?that也用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方是誰(shuí), speaking也可以省去。
This is Mary (speaking). Who is that (speaking)? 我是瑪麗,你是誰(shuí)?
Is that Jane (speaking)? 你是詹妮嗎?
【特別提醒】 this不能換成I, that不能換成you。
四、 hear sb. / sth. doing
【句型介紹】 意為\"聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人 / 物正在做......\",句中doing為現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過(guò)程。
Just then I heard someone crying \"Help! Help!\" 就在那時(shí),我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人在喊\"救命啊!救命!\"
【句式比較】 hear sb. / sth. do sth. 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人 / 物做某事,句中do為不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束,強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)結(jié)果。
I heard him sing three songs. 我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他唱了三首歌。
hear sb. / sth. done聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人 / 物被......,done為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)。
Do you often hear this song sung by him? 你經(jīng)常聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他唱這首歌嗎?
【特別提醒】 在這些句型中的hear可換成see, feel, watch等感官動(dòng)詞。
初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)期中知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù), cloth指布,為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
2. incident, accident
incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
amount后接不可數(shù)名詞, number后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students
4. family, house, home
home 家,包括住處和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成員. My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各種各樣的聲音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing
photo用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片,picture可指相片,圖片,電影片,drawing畫(huà)的畫(huà) Let's go and see a good picture.
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary詞匯,一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量,word具體的單詞He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
population人口,人數(shù),people具體的人 China has a large population.
9. weather, climate
weather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況,climate長(zhǎng)期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
road具體的公路,馬路,street街道,path小路,小徑,way道路,途徑
take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.
初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)期末知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1. 詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
(1) adj. + ly → adv.
loud → loudly soft → softly quiet → quietly
clear → clearly angry → angrily easy → easily
(2)過(guò)去式
fall → fell break → broke lose →lost throw → threw feel → felt
(3)
ill (同義詞)sick (名詞)illness
start(同義詞)begin
far(反義詞)near
smoke(現(xiàn)在分詞)smoking
careless(反義詞)careful
important(比較級(jí)) more important
enjoy(現(xiàn)在分詞)enjoying
9.invent(名詞)invention; inventor
indoor(反義詞)outdoor
century(復(fù)數(shù))centuries
coach(復(fù)數(shù))coaches
feel (名詞)feeling
tiring(近義詞)tired