2022高三英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
英語是不能一步登天的，我們必須要學(xué)會(huì)一步一個(gè)腳印慢慢積累。因?yàn)槿说拇竽X不容易像計(jì)算機(jī)一樣高效率做很多任務(wù)，下面是小編為大家整理的高三英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)，歡迎閱讀!
高三英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
一、就近一致原則
1.由or，not
only...butalso...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列主語時(shí)，通常根據(jù)就近一致原則，謂語動(dòng)詞要與離它最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。
Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.
2.here/there引導(dǎo)一個(gè)句子而主語又不止一個(gè)時(shí)，通常根據(jù)就近原則，謂語動(dòng)詞要與離它最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。
Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.
二、意義一致原則
1.謂語動(dòng)詞必須用單數(shù)的情況
(1)表示學(xué)科的名詞以及works(工廠)，news(消息)等作主語時(shí)，雖然本身為復(fù)數(shù)形式，但表示單數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。
Politics is his favorite subject.
(2)表示某些組織機(jī)構(gòu)的名詞、書/報(bào)名、國(guó)名、地名等作主語時(shí)，雖然形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但所表示的意義是單數(shù)，所以謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Do you know when the United Nations was set up?
2.謂語動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)的情況
表示總稱意義的名詞，如people，police，public，cattle等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The police are searching for the murderer.
3.謂語動(dòng)詞的形式依據(jù)主語表示的意義而定
(1)集體名詞，如family，class，group，team，club，company，government，population等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)其在語境中表示的意義而定。當(dāng)其表示集體意義，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);當(dāng)其表示集體中各個(gè)組成部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
As far as I know，his family is not very large but the family are all musiclovers.
(2)“the+形容詞/分詞”表示“一類人”時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The poor were looked down upon in the old days.
三、語法一致原則
1.由and連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語
(1)“a/the+名詞單數(shù)+and+名詞單數(shù)”表示一個(gè)人(雙重身份)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city.
(2)“a/the+名詞單數(shù)+and+a/the+名詞單數(shù)”表示兩個(gè)人，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The teacher and the poet have just arrived.
(3)“every+名詞單數(shù)+and+every+名詞單數(shù)”表示每一個(gè)人，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in ourcountry.
(4)通常由兩個(gè)部件組成的物品如：a knife and fork (一副刀叉)等作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Bread and butter is not to his taste.
2.表示時(shí)間、數(shù)量、長(zhǎng)度及價(jià)格的名詞，盡管有時(shí)是復(fù)數(shù)形式但常被看作是一個(gè)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
Is fifty pounds enough?
3.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)of后的名詞的形式來定，如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;
如果名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
Two-thirds of the books are about science.
Only 30% of the work was done yesterday.
高三英語重點(diǎn)知識(shí)
一、全部倒裝
1.There be句型：可以用在這類句型中的動(dòng)詞除b。
外，還可用live，happen，exist，remaln，stand等作這類句型的謂語。例如：
(l)There are many students in the classroom
(2)Long long ago there lived a king who loved horsesvery much.
2.Here/there/now+vi(常為come，go)+主語(必須是名詞)。此句型中here/there是用來喚起注意，意為：
喂，注意了。例如：Here comes Mary.可轉(zhuǎn)換為：I can seeMary coming.
here在句中也可接系動(dòng)詞，例如：Here is John3.then引起謂語為come，follow的句子，例如：
(l)Then came a new difficulty.然后產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)新的困難。
(2) Then followed eight years of the Anti-JapaneseWar.接著是八年抗戰(zhàn)。
4- out，in，up，down，away之類的副詞作狀語放在句首，主語比較長(zhǎng)，也就是說主語不能是很短的人稱代詞，謂語為不及物動(dòng)詞come，go，run，rush等。句式為：副詞_LVi.+主語(必須是名詞)。例如：
Away went the boy.
5.介詞短語作狀語放在句首，謂語為不及物動(dòng)詞，主語比較長(zhǎng)，也就是說主語不能是很短的人稱代詞。句式為：介詞短語+Vi.+主語(必須是名詞)。例如：
In the middle of our school stands a high building.
6.表語放在句首，表語常為形容詞、分詞、副詞、介詞短語。要求主語比較長(zhǎng)，也就是說主語不能是很短的人稱代詞。句式為：表語十系動(dòng)詞十主語(必須是名詞)。例如：
(1) Very important in the farms' life is the radioweather report.
(2) Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.
7.直接引語中間或后面表示某人說這句話的插入語(特別是謂語較短時(shí))，例如：“Help! Help!”cried the littlegirl.小姑娘叫道：“救命!救命!”
如果主語沒有謂語長(zhǎng)，或是它后面有賓語，主語就仍然放在前面，例如：“That man is a famous film star，”XiaoYang told me in a whisper.小楊低聲告訴我說：“那個(gè)人是著名的電影明星?！?/p>
二、部分倒裝
1.only+副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句置于句首，例如：
Only then did I realize the importance of English.
注意：
①在only+狀語從句十主句結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)但從句用正常語序。
②only修飾主語，不倒裝。
2.否定詞(短語)開頭的句子，表示否定意義的副詞never, nor,neither.表示半否定意義的副詞hardly，few，seldom，little，含有no和not的詞組如by no means(絕不)，in no time(很快)，at no time(在任何時(shí)候都不，在任何情況下都不),not until,not only..but also...no sooner...than.
hardly.一when，scarcely when等情況下，結(jié)構(gòu)為“否定詞十助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞十主語十其他”。例如：
(1) Never have I been in this city.
(2) Little/Seldom d0 1 watch TV.
(3)Not until I began to work did I realize how muchtime I had wasted.
注意：①關(guān)聯(lián)詞的搭配;②前一分句倒裝，后一分句不倒裝。
3.以so開頭，用“so+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞十主語”表面;前面敘述的肯定情況也適合于另一個(gè)人或物，譯作“也，同樣，也如此”。表示前面敘述的否定情況也適合于另一個(gè)人或物，用“neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞十主語”。譯作“也不是，也沒有”。例如：Society has changedand so have the people in it.社會(huì)變了，人也變了。
注意：
①當(dāng)s0表示對(duì)前句內(nèi)容的肯定、附和，或進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)前面所說的情況，或者贊同前面的說法譯作“的確，正是”時(shí)應(yīng)用自然語序：
-Tom works hard.
-So he does and so do you.
②倒裝部分的助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和形式要與前句相一致，主謂一致的變化要與后面主語相呼應(yīng)。例如：If you don't go, neither/nor shal] I.(If youdon't go,I shall not go.)注意：表示前面的多種情況也適合于另一人或物，或者既有肯定又有否定情況或涉及不同類型的動(dòng)詞時(shí)可用：
It is the same with something /somebody.或So it is withsomething/somebody.例如：She does well in English, butis poor in maths. So it is with Lucy.
4.引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句結(jié)構(gòu)為表語/狀語/動(dòng)詞原形+as+主語十其他，例如：Hard as he tried，he didn，t succeed注意：表語前的名詞無形容詞修飾時(shí)，冠詞要省略。
5.so+adj. /adv.放在句首，例如：So afraid was he inthe darkness that he didn't dare to move an inch.
6.如果虛擬條件句的謂語含有were，。hould，had，可以把if省略，而將這三個(gè)詞放于條件句主語前構(gòu)成倒裝。
例如：If there should be a flood,what woulci we d07一Should there be a flood, what would we do?
7.頻度副詞及短語often，always，now and then，many8 tlme，e”ery other day等放在句首時(shí)，有時(shí)也倒裝。例如：
Many a time has he come to comfort me.
8.某些表示祝愿的句子也用倒裝語序，例如：
May you succeed.祝你成功!
高三英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
1.定義：用作主語的從句叫做主語從句。
2.構(gòu)成：關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句
3.引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類：
(1) 從屬連詞that。 如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facialresemblance between them.
很明顯，她們確是親姐妹，她們的臉型很相似。
(2) 從屬連詞whether。如：
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否會(huì)來這里還不清楚。
(3) 連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
連接副詞 where, when, how, why。如：
What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。
How this happened is not clear to anyone.這事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰也不清楚。
Whoever comes is welcome.不論誰來都?xì)g迎。
Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我的家。
解釋：
1.主語從句能用it作形式上的主語。
常以it作形式主語的句型有：
A.It+be+形容詞(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny,possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that從句。如：
It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫無疑問她考試成績(jī)會(huì)很好。
It is probable that he told her everything.很可能他把一切都告訴她了。
B.It+be+名詞詞組(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise,etc.)+that從句。如：
It’s a pity that we can’t go.很遺憾我們不能去。
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.我們沒贏這場(chǎng)比賽真意外。
C.It+be+過去分詞(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced,arranged, etc.)+that從句。如：
It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.據(jù)說格林先生已經(jīng)到了北京。
It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite intoorbit.
據(jù)報(bào)道中國(guó)又成功地發(fā)射了一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星。
D.It+seem, happen等不及物動(dòng)詞及短語+that從句。如：
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.Alice似乎不來參加晚會(huì)。
It happened that I was out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。
E.It+doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+連接代詞或連接副詞引起的主語從句。如：
It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.她是否來這無關(guān)緊要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我們?cè)谀睦镩_會(huì)毫無區(qū)別。
F.當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的主語從句出現(xiàn)在疑問句中時(shí)，要以it作形式主語，而把主語從句后置。如：
Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?下周那位科學(xué)家將給我們作報(bào)告是真的嗎?
Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他們明天不來很要緊嗎?
G.當(dāng)主語從句出現(xiàn)在感嘆句中時(shí)，要以it作形式主語，而把主語從句后置。如：
How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子們這么安靜真奇怪!
2.注意連接代詞whoever,
whatever, whichever等引導(dǎo)主語從句的含義
Whoever comes will be welcome.(whoever=the person who) 來的人將受到歡迎。
Whatever he did was right.(whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正確的。
Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize.(whichever=anyone of youwho) 你們當(dāng)中不論哪個(gè)進(jìn)來將會(huì)得到獎(jiǎng)
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2022高三英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
