初一英語知識點(diǎn)上冊筆記
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初一英語知識點(diǎn)上冊筆記
1、動詞的種類(四類)
系動詞如be(is am are);情態(tài)動詞如can 、may、need;助動詞( do does);行為動詞如take 、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think等
2、動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)(與名詞的復(fù)數(shù)一樣)
如eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is)
3、動詞的時態(tài)(一般現(xiàn)在時)
( 1)含有系動詞的
I’m a Chinese boy .
She is twelve .
He is Tim’s brother .
Her mother is an English teacher .
含有系動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只將“主語和系動詞交換位置”，上面句子變成一般疑問句時分別為
Are you a Chinese boy ?(注意第一人稱通常變?yōu)榈诙朔Q)
Is she twelve ?
Is he Tim’s brother ?
Is her mother an English teacher ?
含有系動詞的句子在變否定句時只須“在系動詞的后邊加上not”，前面的幾個了陳述句變否定句分別為
I’m not a Chinese boy.
She isn’t twelve .
He is not Tim’s btother .
Her mother isn’t an English teacher .
(2)含有情態(tài)動詞的句子( can ),
She can play basketball.
His mother’s cousin can sing many English songs.
含有情態(tài)動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只須將“主語和情態(tài)動詞交換位置”，上面兩句變一般疑問句分別為
Can she play basketball ?
Can his mother’s cousin sing many English songs ?
含有情態(tài)動詞的句子在變否定句時直接在情態(tài)動詞的后邊加上not ,上面兩個陳述句變否定句分別為
She can not play basketball .
His mother’s cousin can not sing many English songs .
(3)含有行為動詞的句子
We have many friends.
They watch TV at 7 in the evening .
The students take their books to school .
I have lunch at school .
You have a sister .
1含有行為動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為
Do you have many friends ?
Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ?
Do the students take their books to school ?
Do you have lunch at school ?
Do you have a sister ?
2含有行為動詞的句子在變否定句時只須在行為動詞前加don’t .上述五個陳述句變否定句分別為
We don’t have many friends.
They don’t watch TV at 7 in the evening .
The students don’t take their books to school .
I don’t have lunch at school .
You don’t have a sister .
3含有行為動詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，行為動詞要加s (或es)如：
She has a red pen .
He has eggs for breakfast .
Her mother buys a skirt for her .
She likes thrillers .
My brother watches TV every evening .
He wants to go to a movie .
含有行為動詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，變一般疑問句要“在原句子的前面加上does ,同時行為動詞要還原”。上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為：
Does she have a red pen ?
Does he have eggs for breakfast ?
Does her mother buy a skirt for her ?
Does she like thrillers ?
Does your brother watch TV every evening ?
Does he want to go to a movie ?
含有行為動詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，變否定句時“在行為動詞前面加does’nt ,同時原行為動詞要還原”。上面的句子變否定句分別為：
She doesn’t have a red pen .
He doesn’t have eggs for breakfast .
Her mother doesn’t buy a skirt for her .
She doesn’t like thrillers .
My brother doesn’t watch TV every evening .
He doesn’t want to go to a movie .
初一上冊英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)
There be 的句子結(jié)構(gòu)
There be是一個肯定句的形式為：There be + 名詞(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù))+地點(diǎn)狀語或時間狀語。
be動詞單復(fù)數(shù)的確定,看be后邊第一個名詞,當(dāng)所接主語為單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時,be動詞形式為is;當(dāng)所接主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞時,be動詞為are;當(dāng)be動詞后接兩個以上主語時,be動詞與最臨近主語保持?jǐn)?shù)上的一致。意思為
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk.
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk.
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式為：There be + not + (any) + 名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語。
There is not any cat in the room.
There aren't any books on the desk.
(2)there be句型的.疑問句就是將be提到句首：Be there + (any) +名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語? 肯定回答：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't.
---Is there a dog in the picture?
---Yes, there is.
---Are there any boats in the river?
---No, there aren't.
(3)特殊疑問句：How many . . . are there (+地點(diǎn)狀語)?
回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有時直接就用數(shù)字來回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom?
---There's only one. / There are nine.
(4)如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞,用：How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 地點(diǎn)狀語? Eg:How much water is there in the cup?
How much food is there in the bowl?
初一上冊必修英語知識點(diǎn)
句式
1.陳述句
肯定陳述句
a) This is a book. (be動詞)
b) He looks very young. (連系動詞) 他看起來很年輕
c) I want a sweat [swet出汗] like this(像這樣)(實(shí)義動詞) 我想像這樣出汗 d) I can bring some things to school. (情態(tài)動詞) 我可以帶一些東西到學(xué)校 e) There's a computer on my desk. (There be結(jié)構(gòu)) 有一個電腦在我的桌子上 否定陳述句
a) These aren't their books. 這些不是他們的書
b) They don't look nice. 他們看起來不太好
c) Kate doesn't go to No. 4 Middle School. 凱特不去第4中學(xué) d) Kate can't find her doll. 凱特找不到她的洋娃娃
e) There isn't a cat here. (=There's no cat here.) 這里沒有一只貓
2. 祈使句
肯定祈使句
a) Please go and ask the man. 請去問那個人
b) Let's learn English! 讓我們學(xué)習(xí)英語!
c) Come in, please. 請進(jìn)。
否定祈使句
a) Don't be late. 不要遲到。
b) Don't hurry. 不要著急。
3. 疑問句
1) 一般疑問句 肯定回答 否定回答 a) Is Jim a student? Yes, he is. No,he isn't b) Can I help you? Yes, you can. No,you can't c) Does she like salad? 她喜歡做沙拉?Yes, she does. No,she doesn't d) Do they watch TV? 他們看電視嗎? Yes, they do.
2) Is she reading? 她正在讀嗎? Yes, she is. No,they don't No,she,isn't
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