七年級上冊英語知識點整理總結
人有了知識,還應該明白如何正確地將所掌握的知識在實踐中加以應用,那么關于七年級英語知識點怎么學習呢?以下是小編準備的一些七年級上冊英語知識點整理總結,僅供參考。
人教版七年級上冊英語知識點匯總
Unit 1 My name’s Gina.
一、重點單詞
1. first name 名字 last name/family name 姓
二、重點短語
1. first name 名 2. last name=family name 姓氏
3. in China 在中國 4. ID card 身份證
三、重點句型:
1. What’s your first name? 你叫什么名字?
My name’s Gina. =I’m Gina. 我叫吉娜。
What’s his/her name? 他/她叫什么名字?His/Her name is Mike/Jenny. 他/她叫邁克/詹妮。
Nice to meet you. 見到你很高興。Are you Helen? 你是海倫嗎?Yes, I am. 是的,我是。
No, I am not. 不,我不是。
What’s your telephone/phone number? 你的電話是多少?My telephone/phone number is 65432236. 我的電話是65432236.
What’s your last/family name? 你姓什么?My last/family name’s Smith. 我姓史密斯。
Two and three is five. 二加三等于五。語法講解代詞(人稱代詞和物主代詞)① 形容詞性物主代詞在句中修飾名詞,其后必須加名詞,否則為不正確的。
例:Myisyellow.(錯誤)---->Myjacketisyellow.(正確)
② 人稱代詞及相對應的形容詞性物主代詞和be動詞
③ 主語和賓語的定義。
(1)主語表示句子主要說明的人或事物,一般由名詞,代詞,數(shù)詞,不定式等來充當。
例:HelikeswatchingTV.他喜歡看電視。
MaryisanEnglishgirl.瑪麗是一個英國女孩。
賓語表示動作行為的對象,跟在及物動詞之后,能作賓語的有名詞,代詞,動詞不定式等。例:We like English. 我們喜歡英語。
I like oranges. 我喜歡橘子。
數(shù)詞① 基數(shù)詞:表示數(shù)目的數(shù)詞稱為基數(shù)詞。
0zero1one2two3three4four5five6six7seven8eight9nine10ten
② 序數(shù)詞:表示順序的數(shù)詞稱為序數(shù)詞。
first第一 second 第二 third 第三 fourth 第四
fifth 第五 sixth 第六 seventh 第七 eighth 第八
ninth 第九 tenth 第十
③ 基數(shù)詞常和序數(shù)詞之間進行轉(zhuǎn)換。
1one—first2two—second3three—third4four—fourth
5five—fifth 6six—sixth 7seven—seventh8eight—eighth
9nine—ninth10ten—tenth
縮寫詞I’m=Iam(2)wha’s=whatis(3)name’s=nameisit’s=itis(5)he’s=heis(6)she’s=sheisyou’re=youare(8)they’re=theyare(9)that’s=that is拓展:在英語中如何拼寫中國人的姓名,聯(lián)合國教科文組織已做規(guī)定―一律按漢語拼音的寫法。姓和名分開,姓在前,名在后。
舉例說明:
① 如果是單姓,名又是單字,則姓與名的第一個字母要大寫,其余字母用小寫。
② 如果是單姓,名是雙字,則姓的第一個字母大寫,名的第一個字母大寫,名的雙字合在一起算一個詞,不得分開。如:HanMeimei韓梅梅。
③ 如果是復姓,則把復姓字母連在一起,只是第一個字母大寫,名字的拼寫方法同
一般疑問句一般疑問句是疑問句的一種。它是指用yes(是)或no(否)來回答的句子。其結構是:系動詞be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+其他成分。
通?;卮馂椋?/p>
肯定:Yes, +主語+提問的助動詞.
否定:No, +主語+提問的助動詞+not.
如:AreyoufromJapan﹖YesIam./NoI'mnot.
Ishersisterdoingherhomeworknow? Yessheis. /Nosheisn’t.
五、難點講解
1.Be的用法
我(I)用am,你(you)用are。is連著他(he)、她(she)、它(it)
單數(shù)名詞用is,復數(shù)一律都用are。
Nice to meet you!表示“見到你很高興”多用來在雙方初次見面時打招呼。對方回答時在句尾加too。
e.g. —Nice to meet you!
—Nice to meet you, too!
可表達相同意思的句型有:Nice to see you! Glad to meet you! Glad to see you!
Unit 2 Is this your pencil?
一、重點單詞
1. watch n.手表 v.觀看
2. help n.幫助;相助 vt. 幫助
help sb with sth 幫助某人某事
help sb to do sth 幫助某人做某事
二、重點短語
1. pencilsharpener卷筆刀 2. hisdictionary他的字典
3. computergame電腦游戲 4. lostandfoundcase失物招領箱5. pencilcase鉛筆盒 6. asetofkeys一串鑰匙
7. aneraser一塊橡皮 8. thankyou謝謝你
9. inEnglish用英語 10. IDcard身份證
三、重點句型:
1. Isthisyourpencil?Yes,itis.這是你的鉛筆嗎?是的,它是。
2.Isthathereraser?No,itisn't.那是她的橡皮嗎?不,不是。
3.Isitawatch?Yes,itis./No,itisn't.它是一塊手表嗎?是的,它是/不,它不是。
4.Arethese/thoseyourbooks?這些/那些是你的書嗎?
Yes, theyare./No, theyaren't.是的,它們是。/不,它們不是。
What'sthis/thatinEnglish?It's...這個/那個用英語怎么說?是...6.Whatarethese/thoseinEnglish?這些/那些用英語怎么說?
7.Hereyouare.給你。
8.That'sallright.不客氣。
9.CallLiPingat8225674.給李萍打電話8225674。
語法講解肯定句、否定句和一般疑問句對事物作出肯定判斷的句子叫肯定句。如:MynameisJim.
對事物作出否定判斷的句子叫否定句。如:Mynameisn'tJim.
對事物有疑問的句子叫疑問句。如:IsyournameJim?
Be的用法我(I)用am,你(you)用are。is連著他(he)、她(she)、它(it)
單數(shù)名詞用is,復數(shù)一律都用are。
含有動詞be(am, is, are)的肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň涞姆椒ò岩粋€肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň洌绻渥又杏衎e動詞,只需要在be動詞后面加一個not即可。
如:
肯定句 否定句
MynameisJim.→Mynameisn'tJim.
I'maboy. →I'mnotaboy.
含有動詞be(am, is, are)的肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧涞姆椒ò岩粋€肯定句變?yōu)橐蓡柧?,如果句子中有be動詞,只需要把be動詞放在句首,變?yōu)榇髮懀诰湮布右粋€問號就可以了。
如:
肯定句一般疑問句
MynameisJim.→IsyournameJim?
I'maboy.→Areyouaboy?
注:巧變含有動詞be(am, is, are)的一般疑問句的秘訣:一調(diào)二改三問號
一調(diào):即把句中的be(am/is/are)或can等詞調(diào)到主語前;
二改:句中的主語若含有I(my/we)等第一人稱代詞時,需將它們分別改為第二人稱you(your/you);(這一點大家在做題的時候往往忽略,導致題目做錯)
三問號:句末的句號改為問號。
CallJohnat495-3539.給約翰打電話495-3539.call + sb+at+電話號碼 “給某人打電話”.
如:Pleasecallmyteacherat65774839.
請給我的老師打電話,她的電話是65774839。
難點講解1. this, that和it用法
this和that是指示代詞,it是人稱代詞。
距離說話人近的人或物用this,距離說話人遠的人或物用that.
如:Thisisapencil.這是一支鉛筆。(近處)
Thatisatree.那是一棵樹。(遠處)
向別人介紹某人時說Thisis...,不說Thatis...
如:ThisisHelen.Helen,thisisTom.
這是海倫,海倫,這是湯姆。
在回答this或that作主語的疑問句時,要用it來代替this或that.
如:-Isthisanotebook?這是筆記本嗎?
-Yes,itis.是的,它是。
-What'sthat?那是什么?
-It'sawatch.是只手表。
Thankyouforyourhelp,Anna.安娜,謝謝你的幫助。① helpn.幫助;相助,是不可數(shù)名詞。
如:Igavehimabookforhishelp.我為了感謝他的幫助,給他一本書。·
② 知識拓展---其他詞性
vt.幫助(過去式:helped過去分詞:helped現(xiàn)在分詞:helping第三人稱單數(shù):helps)
helpsb.withsth.“幫助某人某事”;
helpsb.(to)dosth.“幫助某人做某事”。
如:LilyoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.莉莉經(jīng)常幫我學習英語。
CanIhelpyoutodothecleaning?我?guī)湍愦驋咝l(wèi)生,好嗎?
Unit 3 This is my sister.
一、重點單詞
1. friend n.朋友;友人
makefriendswith ... 與……交朋友
parent n. 父親或母親becomeaparent 初為人父(母)
二、重點短語
1. a family photo 一張全家照 2. thanks for 因……而感謝
3. family tree 家譜 4. in the picture 在圖片里
5. a letter 一封信 6. these photos 這些照片
7. your friend 你的朋友 8. son and doctor 兒子與女兒
9. look at 看 10. this book 這本書
11. a black pen 一支黑色的鋼筆
12. find my school ID card找回我的學生證 13. in the lost and found case 在失物招領櫥里 14. call Amy 給Amy打電話
15. a set of 一套、一副
16. these brothers 這些兄弟們
三、重點句型:
1. Thisismysister. 這是我的姐姐/妹妹。
2.Thosearemyparents. 那是我的父母。
3.Thesearemybrothers. 這些是我的兄弟們。
4.ThisismyfriendJane. 這是我的朋友簡。
5.That'smygrandfather. 那是我的祖父。
6.—Who'sshe?她是誰?
—She'smysister. 她是我的姐姐/妹妹。
7.—Who'she?他是誰?
—He'smybrother.他是我的哥哥/弟弟。
8.—Who'rethey?他們是誰?
—They'remygrandparents.他們是我的祖父母。
語法講解名詞的復數(shù)形式① 一般情況,加s(cousins, grandparents)
② 以s, x, sh, ch結尾的詞,加es(buses, watches, boxes)
③ 輔音字母加y結尾,變y為i加es (families,babies)
④ f或fe結尾的名詞,變f(fe)為ves(knives)
⑤ 部分以o結尾的詞,加es(potatoes,tomatoes)
2. Thosearemyparents. 那是我的父母。
thoseare... 意為“那些是...”,是“thatis...”的復數(shù)形式,用于介紹兩個或兩個以上的人或物。
指代一個人或物時,代詞及be動詞用單數(shù),指代兩個或兩個以上的人或物時,代詞及be動詞用復數(shù)。
如表格所示:
3. Herearetwonicephotosofmyfamily.這兒有兩張漂亮的我的家庭照片。
① 此句為here引導的倒裝句式。其正常語序為“Twonicephotosofmyfamilyarehere.”。在英語中以here,there開頭的句子常用倒裝句式。倒裝句的結構如下:
② of是介詞,其后接名詞或名詞性物主代詞,表示所屬關系。一般情況下,用“of+名詞”結構來表示無生命的名詞的所有格。
難點講解1. family n.家;家庭
① family作“家庭”講時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;作“家庭成員”講時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。
如:Myfamilyisbig.我有一個大家庭。
HisfamilyareinBeijing.他的家人在北京。
② familytree意為“家譜;家庭關系圖”。
③ 擴展:family與home
這兩個詞都可以作家講,但home則指家庭所在的地方,即家庭日常生活的場所,不指人。
Thanks for the photo of your family.① my family photo= a photo of my family
Emma’s family photo= a photo of Emma’s family
② thanks for意為“因……而感謝”。for是介詞,為了....后可跟名詞或動詞ing形式,常用thanks for sth./doing sth..
Thanks for helping me.=Thank you for helping me.
—Well,haveagoodday!好啦,祝你玩得開心!—Thanks!You,too.謝謝!也祝你玩得開心。
① “Haveagoodday!”是一個祈使句,用于向?qū)Ψ奖磉_祝愿,祝愿對方一天有好的心情或運氣。
②“You,too.”是英語口語交際中比較常見的答語,通常用來表示把同樣的祝愿送給對方,相當于漢語中的“你(們)也一樣!”
與haveagoodday用法相同的表達還有haveagood/nice/wonderful/greattime,havefun和enjoyoneself。
Unit 4 Where is my schoolbag?
一、重點單詞
1. everywhere adv. 處處;到處;各個地方
tidy adj. 整潔的;井井有條的二、重點短語
1. underthetable在桌子底下
2. inbed在床上(臥病在床)
3. inthebed在床上(躺在床上)
4. onthebed在床上(不一定躺著)
5. modelplane飛機模型
6. comeon 快點;加油
7. comeupwith想出(辦法、主意)
8. comeout出版;結果是
9. cometrue實現(xiàn)
10. thinkof認為;想念
11. thinkabout思考;考慮(可互換)
12. tapeplayer錄音機
13. inhisschoolbag在他書包里
14. underthebed在床下
15. onthechair在椅子上
16. undertheradio在收音機下面
17. inthebookcase在書柜里
18. inyourgrandparents’room在你爺爺奶奶的房間里
三、重點句型:
1. —Wherearemybooks?我的書在哪兒?
— They’reonthesofa. 它們在沙發(fā)上。
2. TheEnglishbooksareundertheradio. 英語書在收音機底下。
—Arethekeysonthesofa? 鑰匙在沙發(fā)上嗎?—No,theyaren’t.They’reonthetable.不,它們不在。它們在桌子上。
4.Isitonyourdesk?在你的桌子上嗎?
5.It’snotunderthechair.它不在你的椅子下面。
6.It’sinyourgrandparents’room. 它在你祖父母的房間。
7.Ihaveaclock.我有一個鐘表。
8.Thewhitemodelplaneishers.這個白色的飛機模型是她的。
9.Wherearemykeys?我的鑰匙在哪兒?
10. Comeon,Jack!快點兒,杰克!
11. Gina’sbooksareeverywhere. 吉娜的書到處都是。
語法講解以特殊疑問詞where開頭的特殊疑問句及回答句型結構:Where+is/are+主語+其他?談論物品的位置
Where’s+單數(shù)物品?---It’s +介詞短語.
Whereare+復數(shù)物品?---They’re+介詞短語.
如:Where’smycomputergame? 我的電子游戲機在哪?
It’sunderthebed. 在床下。
Wherearethekeys?鑰匙在哪?
They’reonthedresser. 在梳妝臺上。
注意:假如名詞前已有作定語的this,that,my,your,some等代詞,則不用冠詞。
名詞所有格① 在英語中,當我們表達“我的;你的;他的”時,用代詞my,your,his等。如果要表示“某個(些)人的”時,可以在某個(些)人后加’s來表示所有關系,這種形式我們稱為所有格。
如:Mike的父親:Mike’sfather
我媽媽的名字:mymother’sname
② 名詞所有的構成:
(1)單數(shù)名詞加’s
(2)以s結尾的復數(shù)名詞加’
如:theteachers’room (老師們的房間)
③ 用and連接的并列名詞的所有格要分兩種情況:
(1)表共同所有,在最后一個名詞后加’s。
如:JimandTom’smother吉姆和湯姆的母親(共同所有)
表各自所有,在每個名詞后加’s。如:Jim’sandTom’sroomsarebig.
吉姆的房間和湯姆的房間都很大。(各自所有)
難點講解1. 方位介詞的用法
英語中,當要表示某人或某物在某地時,通常要借助于方位介詞。方位介詞不能單獨充當句子成分,必須與其他單詞或短語構成介詞短語放在be動詞或其他動詞后面作表語或狀語等,也可放在名詞后作定語。
on意為“在……上”,表示一個物體在另一個物體的表面上。如:Thebookisonthedesk. 那本書在桌子上。
in意為“在……里面”,指的是一個物體在另一個物體的內(nèi)部。如:Thedictionaryisintheschoolbag. 詞典在書包里。
under意為“在……下”,指的是一個物體在另一個物體的正下方,但兩個物體并不接觸。如:Isthebaseballunderthechair? 棒球在椅子下面嗎?
初一上冊英語測試題
一、單項選擇(20分).
( )1.Alice is _____English girls. Li Ying is _____Chinese girl.
A. a, aB. an, anC. an, aD. a, an
( )2. Could you help _____, Please?
A. sheB. hisC. meD. I
( )3. Look! They ____with a ball.
A. play B. plays C. playing D. are playing
( )4. _____ the boys like living in China?
A. DoesB. DoC. AreD. Would
( )5.She likes ____books.
A. reads B. read C. to read D. reading
( )6. Look at Millie. is a student. hair is black.
A. She, She B. She, Her C. Her, Her D. Her, She
( )7. What day is it today?
A. It’s September 12B. It’s sevenC. It’s FridayD. It’s Sunny
( )8. There is a clock the wall in our classroom.
A. of B. in C. on D. between
( )9. There aren’t maps in the classroom, but there are pictures.
A. some; any B. some; some C. any; someD. any; any
( )10.Jenny has ____hair.
A. blond longB. long blondC. big blondD. blond big
( )11. Here is a new bag _____ you.
A. to B. from C. on D. for
( )12. Danny gets up ____8:00 ____the morning.
A. in, inB. at, atC. at, inD. at, on
( )13. There a teacher and three boys over there.
A. be B. is C. am D. are
( )14. —What is your father? — .
A. He’s at home B. He’s a teacher.
C. She’s a teacher D. He’s in his school
( )15.Please ______ the picture. It is very beautiful.
A. look at B. look C. have a look D. See
( )16. There aren’t____windows inmyroom. Are there ___windows in your room?
A. some, someB. any, anyC. some, anyD. any, some
( )17 .Look! It’s a photo _______ my family.
A. in B. of C. on D to
( )18. It’s cold today._______ the window, please.
A.Open B. Opens C. Close D. Closes
( )19. Let’s go to the store ____. It’s near here.
A. on footB. by busC. walkD. on feet
( )20.My father ____a car. He ____to work.
A. have, drive B. has, by car C. has, drives D. have, by car
二、完形填空(10分)
Jack is eleven years old. He is a middle school 43. He goes to school by bicycle every 44. His bike is very45. One day his bike is broken . So (于是) his father wants to buy a new bicycle for 46. On a Sunday morning , Jack and his father go to the department _47_ .Jack sees _48_ good bicycles. He chooses (選擇) a blue_49_, because he likes blue50. “How much is it?” says his father . “365 yuan,” says the salesman . “I’ll take the bicycle .” Jack is very 51. He rides his new bicycle to his home . Now he goes to school 52his new bike every day.
()43. A. boyB. studentC. girlD. teacher
()44. A. DayB. monthC. yearD. /
()45. A. newB. brokenC. fineD. old
()46. A. herB. themC. himD. me
()47. A. shopB. storeC. officeD. palace
()48. A. manyB. anyC. muchD. a lot
()49. A. itB. thatC. thisD. one
()50. A. readyB. a lotC. rightD . then
()51. A .happyB. sadC. tiredD. bad
()52. A. inB. onC byD. for
三、閱讀理解(20分)
A
Mr Bruce Green and Mrs Mary Green come from the U.K.. They have two children, their son is Jim. He is fifteen years old. Kate is Jim’s sister. She is thirteen. Mr Green works in No. 5 Middle school. Jim and Kate study in their mother’s school, but they are in different grades(年級). Jim is in Grade Two, and Kate is in Grade One. Jim and I are in the same class. Kate goes to school with us every day. They are my good friends. They like China very much.
()53. The Green family are living in ____ now.
A. America B. England C. China D. Japan
()54. Mr Green has ____ children.
A. one B. two C. three D. four
()55. Jim, Kate and I are in____ .
A. the same school B. the same class C. different schools D. the same house
()56. ____ go to school together every day.
A. Two people(人) B. Only one child C. Three people D. Five people
()57. Jim and Kate ____.
A. like China B. don’t like China C. don’t like school D. are not friends
B
Peter was a small boy. He lived with his parents in a small house near some hills. The people there were all poor.One night it was very dry and windy.When everybody was asleep, Peter suddenly heard some noise. It came out from the kitchen. He got up and walked to the kitchen. He found that the wood beside the stove (火爐) was burning . There was no water tap (水龍頭) in the house , so he could not put out (撲滅) the fire . He shouted loudly to wake up everyone in the house. Then he ran out of his house and knocked on the doors of many houses to wake the people up. They all left their houses quickly.
At last the fire was put out by the firemen. Many houses were burnt. But nobody was burnt in the fire.
1.Peter lived with his______.
A.sisters B.brothers C.uncles D.parents
2.One night he found that______ beside the stove was burning.
A.the table B.the wood C.the door D.the window
3.______, so he could not put out the fire.
A.Everybody was asleep
B.He couldn't shout loudly
C.The kitchen was very big
D.there was no water tap in the house
4.Peter knocked on the doors of many houses______.
A.to wake the people up
B.to get some water
C.to find his classmates
D.to visit them
5.______hurt in the fire.
A.People in other houses were B.Peter's parents were
C.Nobody was D.Peter was
四、選擇適當句子完成對話。(10分)
Mother: Dear son, _38_
Son: I’m watching some pictures on line, Mum.
Mother: Supper is ready. Please have supper .
Son: OK, Mum
Mother: What pictures , my dear?
Son: _39_
Mother: Oh, this is Yao Ming. He plays basketball very well.
Son: Great. I like him very much. But do you know where he is now?
Mother: Of course. _40_
Son: __41__
Mother: Sorry. _42_
Son: Ha…Let me tell you. He is 2.26meterstall.
Mother: Well ,have supper quickly.
A. what are you doing ?
B. He is in the U.S..
C. They are about sport stars (體育明星)
D. What’s the matter?
E. Can you tell me ?
F. Do you know how tall he is?
五、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(10分)
My right foot hurts. (一般問句)
______ your right foot ______?
Those are apples. (變單數(shù)句)
______ is _____________.
This coat is fifty yuan. (劃線部分提問)
______ ______ is this coat?
There are some books on my shelves. (同意句轉(zhuǎn)換)
______ ______ some books ______ the shelves.
There are four children on the playground. (劃線部分提問)
_______ ______ children ______ _____ on the playground?
六、漢譯英(10分)
1.我不得不做英語作業(yè)。
I _______ ________ do my English homework.
2.我覺得我家的約束太多了。
I think I have ________ ________ rules in my house
3.你認為你的英語課怎么樣?
What do you ________ ________ your English class?
4.他的生日是11月1日。
____________________________________________
5.現(xiàn)在幾點了?8點15了。
_____________________________________________
七、書面表達。(不少于60字)(20分)
My Family Rules. (假如你是Mike,家里有很多約束,你寫信給你的筆友John,傾訴你內(nèi)心的煩惱和不快。開頭已給出)
Dear, John,
I’m no thappy.
學習初一英語的方法
一、量的積累——積累詞匯
詞匯猶如子彈,無彈槍不鳴。掌握詞匯需先聽、后讀,然后記憶、拼寫,還要結合課堂上老師的講解及其例句掌握其用法。
二、知識的運用——掌握語法
語法仿佛槍的使用方法,只有掌握了語法知識,詞匯才得以正確使用。學習語法首先要注重模仿和總結,無論是單元中的句型還是課文,都要先讀熟、讀懂,然后總結規(guī)律,再結合老師的講解,適當做題,進行練習鞏固,這樣語法知識就會掌握得更好、更鞏固,使用起來就會游刃有余,在英語使用中方能說對、寫對、聽懂、讀懂。
三、能力的形成——培養(yǎng)英語技能
清晨 30 — 60 分鐘的晨讀是培養(yǎng)和形成英語聽說能力以及英語語感、語境的良藥、秘方,課堂上和業(yè)余時間多與同學進行英語對話和交流,使所學知識用于學習和日常生活中去,下午多做些練習題,鞏固英語知識,這樣使英語的聽、說、讀、寫形成互動,從而學好英語。
四、打補丁
選擇一本難易適中、系統(tǒng)全面的適合自己需要的英語輔導讀物,對學習英語也是一個錦上添花的好辦法。