初中英語知識(shí)歸納
初中三年我們要學(xué)習(xí)的英語知識(shí)是非常多的,其中的重點(diǎn)知識(shí)是需要我們特備注意的。下面是小編為大家整理的關(guān)于初中英語知識(shí)歸納,希望對(duì)您有所幫助。歡迎大家閱讀參考學(xué)習(xí)!
初中英語知識(shí)歸納
一、引導(dǎo)詞
1.從句為陳述句,常選擇引導(dǎo)詞that,that引導(dǎo)賓語從句無意義,不充當(dāng)句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that)they would help us through the whole work.
2.從句為一般疑問句,常選擇引導(dǎo)詞if或whether,表示“是否”。在 whether … or not 結(jié)構(gòu)中不能用 if 替換。例句:I don't know if there will be a bus any more.
3. 從句為特殊疑問句,常選擇what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問代詞、副詞作引導(dǎo)詞。例句:He didn't tell me when we should meet again.
二、判斷時(shí)態(tài)情況:
1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句可以為各種時(shí)態(tài)。
2.主句是一般過去時(shí),從句要用相應(yīng)過去時(shí)態(tài)。
注意:從句描繪客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象等,從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)限制,仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
例句:He answered that he was listening to me.
Father told me that practice makes perfect .
三、賓語從句的語序要用陳述句語序
陳述句語序,就是主語在前,謂語動(dòng)詞在后。
錯(cuò)誤:He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
正確:He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
注意:賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移
主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致。例如:I don't think he will come to my party.而不能說成I think he won't come to my party.
初中英語必備知識(shí)
動(dòng)詞
(1) 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài):
① 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的主要用法有兩點(diǎn):其一表示一經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,如: I always go to scho
ol at seven. 其二表示某一真理,事實(shí),如: The earth moves around the sun.
?、?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法有兩點(diǎn):其一表示某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生于過去,并持續(xù)下來,到現(xiàn)在完成。如: I have studied English for two years. 其二表示某動(dòng)作發(fā)生于過去并已結(jié)束,但其影響到現(xiàn)在。如: I haven’t had my lunch. I’m hungry now. 與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的詞語有:yet, already, before, since, ever, never等。 其考查要點(diǎn):
其一: Have been表示曾經(jīng)去過,如:I have been to America twice. 說此話的人應(yīng)已經(jīng)回到國內(nèi)。而He has gone to Japan.則此人目前已到日本去了。
其二:截止性動(dòng)詞可以有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),但不可與表示一段長度的詞連用,如: The clas
s has begun. The class has been on for five minutes.
③ 一般過去時(shí)
表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,過去的習(xí)慣或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如: Who broke the window? In those days, I studied hard at night every day. 與過去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有: at that time, ago, in 1949, just now (剛才), last night, yesterday
?、?一般將來時(shí)
純將來時(shí)的表示法: shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形
例: I’ll leave for Shanghai this evening.
表示按計(jì)劃要做或可能做的事: be going to+動(dòng)詞原形
例: I’m going to help you tonight.
將來時(shí)的特殊表示法
a. be+coming/leaving/going/starting/arriving
例: Don’t worry. I’m coming.
b. be about to+動(dòng)詞原形
例: He is about to leave, when the telephone rings.
c. 狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來
例: If it rains tomorrow I won’t go to the party.
初中英語知識(shí)
句型
(1) 賓語從句:
由疑問代詞或副詞引出的賓語從句
例: Could you tell me where the post office is?
Could you tell me what he said? (what作said的賓語)
由that引出的賓語從句
例: They said that they would give me some help. (that 僅作引導(dǎo)詞) 賓語從句中的疑問句要用陳述語序。
例: He asked when we would leave home.
(2) 狀語從句:
狀語從句可包括:時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)/原因/結(jié)果/目的等狀語從句。
例:I will come when I am free.
I’m late because my bike is broken.
He went so early that he got a good seat.
She studied hard so that she would pass the exam.
狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。
例: If it rains tomorrow I shall not go to the cinema.
表示在一長動(dòng)作進(jìn)行過程中某一動(dòng)作突然發(fā)生則長動(dòng)作要用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),而突發(fā)性動(dòng)作要用一般時(shí)態(tài)。
例: When I’m reading a book, the telephone rings.
(3) 反意疑問句
例: She can swim across the river, can’t she?
It’s a fine day, isn’t it?
(4) 感嘆句:
例. What a hot day it is!
How hot the weather is!
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