高二英語必修五課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)分析
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高二英語必修五課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)分析1
1、形容詞的定義：形容詞簡(jiǎn)稱adv. 形容詞簡(jiǎn)稱adv.修飾v. adj.，其他adv.或全句的詞，v.，adv.或全句的詞修飾v.，adj.，其他adv.或全句的詞，表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，程度，方式等。表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，程度，方式等。
2、復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成
(1)形容詞+ 名詞+ ed kind-hearted 好心的，white-haired 白發(fā)的
(2)形容詞+ 形容詞red-hot 熾熱的，dark-blue 深藍(lán)的
(3)形容詞+ 現(xiàn)在分詞good-looking 好看的，easy-going 隨和的
(4)副詞+ 現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working 勤勞的，fast-moving 快速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的
(5)副詞+ 過去分詞hard-won 得來不易的，newly-made 新建的
(6)名詞+ 形容詞life-long 終生的，world-famous 世界聞名的
(7)名詞+ 現(xiàn)在分詞peace-loving 愛好和平的，fun-loving 愛開玩笑的
(8)名詞+ 過去分詞snow-covered 白雪覆蓋的，hand-made 手工的
(9)數(shù)詞+ 名詞+ ed four-storeyed 4 層樓的，three-legged 3 條腿的
(10)數(shù)詞+ 名詞(名詞用單數(shù))ten-year 10 年的，two-man 兩人的
高二英語必修五課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)分析2
一、不定式做主語：
1、不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動(dòng)作。===動(dòng)名詞doing 表示習(xí)慣的，經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作。
e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.
To do such things is foolish.
To see is to believe. (對(duì)等)
注: 1). 不定式作主語時(shí),謂語用單數(shù)
2). 當(dāng)主語較長(zhǎng)，謂語較短時(shí)，常用it做形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的后面。
it做形式主語，不定式放在謂語動(dòng)詞之后常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：
(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…
(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…
It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary
(3) it is +a +名詞+ to do...
It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do
It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…
It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…
_注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表語，但possible可以用不定式作真實(shí)主語， 而probable不能用不定式作真實(shí)主語。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(錯(cuò))
It is possible for him to come to the meeting.
It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.
二、不定式做表語
主語是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等為中心詞的名詞詞組 或以 what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句表示，后面的不定式說明其內(nèi)容, 不定式作表語常表示將來或現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。
eg :My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.
Your mistake was not to write that letter.
What I would suggest is to start work at once.
三、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語
以不定式結(jié)構(gòu)為賓語的動(dòng)詞有：
ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等只能用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語
口訣(接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞)
想要學(xué)習(xí) 早打算( want learn plan)
快準(zhǔn)備 有希望( prepare hope wish expect)
同意否 供選擇(agree offer choose)
決定了 已答應(yīng)(decide be determined promise)
盡力去 著手做(manage undertake)
別拒絕 別假裝(refuse pretend)
失敗不是屬于你(fail)
e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen.
We hope to get there before dark.
The girl decided to do it herself.
_注意:某些及物動(dòng)詞可用-ing也可用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語但意義不同的有
stop go on remember forget
regret try mean can’t help
be used to
高二英語必修五課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)分析3
一、過去分詞
過去分詞兼有動(dòng)詞、副詞和形容詞的特征，可以帶賓語或受狀語修飾。過去分詞和賓語或狀語一起構(gòu)成過去分詞短語。它在句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語或狀語。這節(jié)課講解作定語、表語的用法。
1. 作定語
作定語的過去分詞如果是單詞，一般放在被修飾詞的前面;過去分詞短語作定語，一般放在被修飾詞的后面。例如：
There are many fallen leaves on the ground.
This is a book written by a worker.
2. 作表語
過去分詞作表語,多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。
I was pleased at the news.
The door remained locked.
過去分詞作表語，相當(dāng)于形容詞，常見的有：delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。
過去分詞作表語時(shí)，應(yīng)注意與被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀態(tài)或具有的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn);被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)作。
The small village is surrounded by trees.(狀態(tài))
The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(動(dòng)作)
I'm interested in chess.(狀態(tài))
3. 過去分詞做狀語
①表時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，有時(shí)過去分詞前可加連詞 when 或 while 來強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念。
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.
Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
②表原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。
Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.
Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.
③表?xiàng)l件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句，有時(shí)過去分詞前可用 if 等詞
Heated, water changes into steam.
Given another chance, he will do better.
④表讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。
Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.
⑤表伴隨，說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況。
Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom.
The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs.
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