高中生怎么樣做好英語閱讀理解
高中生學(xué)習(xí)英語是有一定難度的，很多人都不知道在閱讀理解部分要怎么樣做才是比較好的。下面是小編為大家整理的關(guān)于高中生怎么樣做好英語閱讀理解，希望對您有所幫助。歡迎大家閱讀參考學(xué)習(xí)!
高中生做好英語閱讀理解的技巧
要擴(kuò)大詞匯量，促進(jìn)閱讀
詞匯是語言的三大要素之一，更是閱讀理解的基石。我們在閱讀理解時(shí)所遇到的首要問題是詞語障礙，沒有一定的詞匯量作基礎(chǔ)，就談不上理解能力的提高。有語言學(xué)家通過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，外語學(xué)習(xí)者如擁有5000詞匯量，閱讀正確率可達(dá)56%，詞匯量達(dá)到6400，閱讀正確率可達(dá)63%。因此，熟練掌握課本單詞，適量擴(kuò)充課外詞匯是提高閱讀能力的基礎(chǔ)。
有積極閱讀的概念
積極閱讀需要與所讀的內(nèi)容相互交流，即talkingtoit，questioningit，writinginit，makingitworkwithyou。這就意味著要會尋找文章的內(nèi)部邏輯，弄清它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，從而形成一個(gè)批評的視角。
話語分析認(rèn)為積極閱讀是一個(gè)構(gòu)建過程，在這個(gè)過程中讀者從文章中尋找信息，建立語篇的銜接。相比較一字一句的被動閱讀，積極閱讀更能使讀者深入地理解文章，因?yàn)樽x者能積極地將文中的信息與已知知識聯(lián)系起來。大量的研究表明，經(jīng)過短期的積極閱讀不僅能加快閱讀速度還能提高理解力，所以這種策略值得高中英語老師嘗試。
尋找主題句，理解重點(diǎn)把握全文
大多數(shù)閱讀材料均有主題句，用以說明文章的主旨，其他文字一般是圍繞主題句展開說明的。有的主題句在文章的開頭，有的在文章的結(jié)尾，還有的主題句在文章的中間出現(xiàn)。閱讀時(shí)若能把握住這些句子，無疑會大大提高閱讀速度和理解效果。一般地說，運(yùn)用演繹法的文章，主題句往往在文章的開頭;采用歸納法的文章，主題句一般在結(jié)尾。
培養(yǎng)積極閱讀的興趣，激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)動機(jī)。
“進(jìn)化論之父”查爾斯·達(dá)爾文認(rèn)為：“除了傻瓜，人與人之間的差異在于熱情和努力，而不是智力。”可見，英語學(xué)習(xí)興趣在高中生積極閱讀方面是很重要的。在具體的高中英語教學(xué)中，教師要做到上課有激情，廣泛采用多種教學(xué)手段，精心設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)內(nèi)容，創(chuàng)設(shè)認(rèn)知沖突型教學(xué)情境，激發(fā)學(xué)生的認(rèn)知興趣和求知欲，從而使學(xué)生主動進(jìn)行積極閱讀、擴(kuò)大知識面。
培養(yǎng)良好的閱讀習(xí)慣
目前，不少學(xué)生閱讀能力不高，因?yàn)樘岣唛喿x能力必須要持之以恒，相當(dāng)多的學(xué)生卻把過多的精力放在過細(xì)的語法試題上。不是說語法不重要，但學(xué)習(xí)語法只能是一種手段，目的還要落實(shí)到運(yùn)用語言上來。正如課標(biāo)指出：“此次英語課程改革的重點(diǎn)就是要改變英語課程過分重視語法和詞匯知識的講解與傳授，忽視對學(xué)生實(shí)際語言運(yùn)用能力培養(yǎng)的傾向..”積極閱讀能力要想得到提高，教師必須鼓勵學(xué)生養(yǎng)成記讀書筆記的習(xí)慣，定期對他們的閱讀成果進(jìn)行客觀科學(xué)的評價(jià)，讓學(xué)生養(yǎng)成持之以恒的習(xí)慣。
培養(yǎng)閱讀成就感
成就感是一種重要的心理需要，能激起學(xué)生奮發(fā)努力、積極進(jìn)取的學(xué)習(xí)動機(jī)。閱讀成就感對于激發(fā)學(xué)生閱讀積極性的作用是不可低估的。目前學(xué)生缺乏成就感的原因有兩個(gè)：一是學(xué)生自信心日漸失落，閱讀成功的喜悅越來越少，因?yàn)槔蠋熓掷镞皹?biāo)準(zhǔn)答案”或“參考答案”，對固定結(jié)果稍有偏離便被視作理解水平低下：二是學(xué)生生活經(jīng)歷較少，藝術(shù)修養(yǎng)不足，思想認(rèn)識水平較膚淺，對作品的把握不夠深刻而又缺乏有效的指導(dǎo)。
可視化操作
在腦海中或者紙上畫出文章的導(dǎo)圖。如果你的想象力很豐富，或者你是個(gè)視覺學(xué)習(xí)者，擅長通過圖片學(xué)習(xí)的話，這是種很有效的方法。喜歡繪畫的學(xué)生可以閱讀完把觀點(diǎn)畫出來。如果你不喜歡繪畫，嘗試在腦海里描述一個(gè)故事，通過簡單的問題來獲取正確信息。比如：我可以用什么圖像?如何使用它們幫助自己和他人理解這篇文章?
高中英語閱讀理解練習(xí)：Motivation
Motivation(動機(jī)) to satisfy one‘s needs is brought about by ―drives‖, These ―drives‖ do not determine man‘s behaviour, but rather direct man‘s energy towards certain aims. For example, man‘s body requires food, which is a biological need, when this need comes up, man feels uncomfortable and his thoughts turn to getting food or satisfying that need. If he is very hungry, it will difficult for him to pay enough attention to anything except his need for food.
While all men feel hungry, there is more than one method for helping free people of this uncomfortable feeling. How needs are satisfying depends on what we have been taught or what we have learned from our experiences. As we grow, we learn shat foods our society considers acceptable, and how they should be prepared and eaten. In some societies, for example, pork is considered a special food while in other societies it is strictly forbidden. In some societies fish is always cooked, but in other societies raw (生的) fish is preferred. The way in which we satisfy a drive is a learned response. Nature has not built a food – getting response into man. He cannot just eat whatever he wants of whenever there is food, his satisfaction of the hunger drive, for example, is limited by the rules of a society. Although we are hunger, according to the rules of society, we should not steal food, even if it belongs someone weaker than we are.
1.According to the passage, ―drives‖ _____.
A.can be brought about by motivation B..can always decide man‘s action
C.direct man‘s energy toward certain goals D.follow man‘s motivations
2. ____ is a biological need.
A.Motivation B. Drive C. Hunger D. Experience
3. The writer hopes to tell us that ____.
A. man should satisfy his biological needs whenever necessary
B.man‘s needs should always be satisfied without any condition
C.what man should do if he feels hungry
D.man‘s satisfaction of needs is limited by the rules of a certain society
答案：CCD
高中英語閱讀理解練習(xí)：researcher
Washingtom,April4-The United States has more than 90millon families for the first time ,but each contains fewer people on average than ever ,the Census Bureau(統(tǒng)計(jì)局) reported today.
The 90,031,000 families in the United States averaged 2.64 members each as of last July 1. ―The reason is, in effect, changes in the age structure,‖ explained Campbell Gibson, a population researcher for the bureau. Most Americans born in the great explosion of births after World War II are mow in their 20‘s and 20‘s when they are most likely to set up families, he said.
The fact that many are doing so increased the number of families from 80.4million in 1980 to 88.8 million in 1986 and past the 90 million mark last summer . At the same time, the average number of people per family dropped from 2.75 in 1935 to 2.65 in 1986 and then to 2.64,Mr Gibson said.
By comparison, the 1970 Census found the average family contained 3.15 people Families averaged more than four people in 1939 and more than five in 1880. The growing number of ever- smaller families is still going on, but Mr Gibson pointed out that family growth was mot the same as population increase in the 1970‘s. The same age factors (因素) that are increasing the number of families also happened then, but in the 1970‘s the proportion(比例) of families in each age group was also growing .
That has not continued in the 1980‘s for a number of possible reasons, Mr Gibson said.
For example, in the 1880‘s more young people have chosen to remain home with their parents instead of setting up housekeeping on their own ,as many did in the 1970‘s. This could be caused by the increasing cost of housing, he said. Delays in marriage while was not the only factor for the family changes.
1.The smaller figure of families reported here is ______.
A.1980 B. 80,400,000 C. 2.64 D. 90 milion
2.How did Mr Gibsin explain the reason of the increase in families? ______
A.About 9.96million new families have been set up since 1980.
B.All the big families were split into smaller ones.
C.There is a great number of young people who are newly married.
D.There was a great explosion of births during the present Second World War.
3.What is the reporter‘s attitude (態(tài)度) toward the present situation?______
A.peopAle should get married at a later age .
B. The average number of family numbers should be 2.64.
C.It‘s not clear in the report.
A. A. D.Young people should set up housekeeping on their own ,as many did in the
1970‘s.
4. From the last paragraph we may infer that _____.
A.delay in marriage will not help the number of families
B.Delay in marriage is the major factor of the family changes
C.The writer felt sorry that many young people now delay their marriages
D. There must be some other factors which have led to the slower family growth in the 1980‘s.
答案：BCCD
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