高三英語知識(shí)考點(diǎn)整理概括
高考對(duì)冠詞的考查集中在基本用法上，主要既反映在對(duì)泛指、特指及固定短語 冠詞的考查。抽象名詞、物質(zhì)名詞的具體化依然是高考的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)。接下來是小編為大家整理的高三英語知識(shí)考點(diǎn)整理概括，希望大家喜歡!
高三英語知識(shí)考點(diǎn)整理概括一
1someone雙語例句
Someone explain that one to me!
有人解釋說，一到了我!
Someone must be at the back of this.
這事一定有人在背后搗鬼。
He found someone on him.
他發(fā)現(xiàn)有人在跟蹤他。
2常用不定代詞
some(something，somebody，someone)，any(anything，anybody，anyone)，no(nothing，nobody，noone)，every(everything，everybody，everyone)，all，each，both，much，many，(a)little，(a)few，other(s)，another，none，one，either，neither等。
高三英語知識(shí)考點(diǎn)整理概括二
高中英語語法中的省略現(xiàn)象
在英語語言中，為了使語言簡(jiǎn)潔明了，重點(diǎn)突出或上下文緊密相連，可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子愿意不變，這種語言現(xiàn)象稱之為省略?，F(xiàn)就英語中的種.種省略現(xiàn)象分析如下：
一、并列復(fù)合句中的省略
在并列句中后邊的分句可以省略與前邊分句中相同的成分。如：
a) The boy picked up a coin in the road and (the boy ) handed it to a policeman. 這個(gè)男孩在馬路上拾起一枚硬幣并把他交給了警察。
b) Your advice made me happy but(your advice made) Tom angry .你的建議使我高興但使湯姆生氣。
c) Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been)doing her homework. 湯姆肯定一直在打籃球，瑪麗一直在寫作業(yè)。
d) Gao Xiumin was born in 1959 and Fu Biao (was born) in 1963.高秀敏出生于1959年，傅彪出生于1963年。
二、主從復(fù)合句中的省略
1.狀語從句中的省略
一般說來省略現(xiàn)象多出現(xiàn)在下列五種狀語從句中：由 when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句;由whether ,if , unless 等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句;由though , although ,even if ,whatever等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句;由 as ,than 等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句;由as, as if , as though 等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句。上述狀語從句在省略時(shí)應(yīng)遵循下面原則：
1) 當(dāng)狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí)，可以省略狀語從句的主語和系動(dòng)詞be，這時(shí)從句中可出現(xiàn)如下結(jié)構(gòu)：(1) 連詞(as, as if , once)+ 名詞; (2) 連詞( though, whether , when)+形容詞;(3) 連詞(whether, as if ,while )+介詞短語;(4) 連詞(when , while , though )+ 現(xiàn)在分詞; (5) 連詞
(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as ) + 過去分詞; (6) 連詞(as if ,as though ) + 不定式。如：
a) Once (he was)a worker ,Pang Long now becomes a famous singer .龐龍?jiān)?jīng)是個(gè)工 人，現(xiàn)在變成一位著名的歌手。
b) Work hard when (you are) young ,or you'll regret.趁年輕要努力學(xué)習(xí)，要不然你會(huì)后悔的。 c) He looked everywhere as if (he was)in search of something .他到處看似乎在找什么東西。 d) While (he was) holding talks with President Hu Jintao ,US President George W. Bush thanked China for its important role in the Six-Party Talks.美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什在與胡錦濤同志會(huì)談時(shí)，感謝中國(guó)在六方會(huì)談中起的重要作用。
e) The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected .這次展覽比被預(yù)料的有趣的多。 f) Olympic gold medallist hurdler Liu Xiang opened his lips as if (he were) to speak。奧林匹克金牌獲得者跨欄運(yùn)動(dòng)員劉翔張開嘴好像要說什么。
注意：
1) 當(dāng)從句的主語和主句的賓語一致時(shí)，間或也有這樣的省略,如：
Her father told her to be careful when (she was)crossing the street.當(dāng)她過馬路時(shí)父親告訴她要當(dāng)心。
2) 當(dāng)從句的主語是 it，謂語動(dòng)詞中又含有系動(dòng)詞be 時(shí) ，可以把it和系動(dòng)詞be一起省略。此時(shí)構(gòu)成連詞(if , unless ,when , whenever)+形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：
Unless (it is) necessary ,you'd better not refer to the dictionary.如果沒有必要，你最好不要查字典。
2.定語從句中的省略
1) 一般說來，在限制性定語從句中，作賓語的關(guān)系代詞 that ,which , whom 可以省略;如：
Is this reason (that) he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?這就是他在會(huì)上解釋他工作中粗心的原因嗎?(2002上海春季)
而在非限制性定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞 which , whom 不可以省略。試比較：
Tom (whom) you saw yesterday fell ill.( whom可以省) 你昨天見到的湯姆病倒了。
Tom , whom you saw yesterday ,fell ill. ( whom不可以省) 湯姆病倒了，你昨天見到他了。
2)在口語和非正式用語中，關(guān)系副詞when ,where , 和 why 經(jīng)常用that 來代替，甚至還可省略。如：
a) This is the first time (when/that)he had trouble with the boss.這是他第一次麻煩老板。 b) He wants to find a good place (where/that) we can have a picnic during the “golden week ”holiday .他想找一個(gè)能在黃金周期間野餐的好地方。
c) Could you tell us the reason (why/that)he was so unhappy ? 你能告訴我們他為什么如此不高興嗎?
3)當(dāng)先行詞為表示方式的 the way 時(shí) ，從句不能用 how 來引導(dǎo) ，應(yīng)該用that 或 in which ，或?qū)⑺鼈內(nèi)渴÷?。如?/p>
I don't like the way (that/in which) you laugh at her.我不喜歡你嘲笑他的行為。
3.賓語從句中的省略
1)在及物動(dòng)詞后面所接的賓語從句中，連詞that 一般可以省略;但如果及物動(dòng)詞后面是由that引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列的賓語從句 ，那么只有第一個(gè)that可以省略。如：
a) I think (that) the reform of the renminbi's exchange rate is necessary. 我認(rèn)為人民幣兌換率的改革是必要的。
b) He said (that)the Anti-secession law had been passed and that President Hu Jintao had signed a presidential order 他說《 反分裂國(guó)家法》已被通過，而且胡錦濤主席已簽署了主席令。
2)由 which , when ,where , how,和 why 引導(dǎo)的 賓語從句，可以全部或部分省略。如：
a) I know that NBA star Yao Ming will come to our city but I don’t know when (he will come to our city).我知道NBA明星要到我們城市來但我不知道他什么時(shí)候來。
b) He wants to move abroad but his parents wonders why (he wants to move abroad)他想搬遷到國(guó)外但他的父母想知道為什么。
4.在與suggest ,request ,order ,advise 等詞相關(guān)的名詞性從句中，須用虛擬語氣形式“should +動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。如：
Chirac, President of the Republic of France suggested that the China-France Culture Year (should) last long in various forms.法國(guó)總統(tǒng)希拉克建議中法文化年以各種各樣的形式長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)。
5.主句省略多用于句首。如：
(It is a ) Pity that I didn’t go to Mary's birthday party yesterday.很遺憾，我昨天沒有去參加瑪麗的生日聚會(huì)。
6.在答語中，主句可全部省略。如：
—Why were you absent from school last Friday ?—(I was absent from school)Because my mother was ill. —上周五你為什么沒有上學(xué)? —因?yàn)槲覌寢尣×恕?/p>
三、簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略
1.省略主語
1)祈使句中的主語通常被省略 如：
(You) Open the door, please. 請(qǐng)開一下門。
2) 其它省略主語多限于現(xiàn)成的說法 如：
a) (I) Thank you for your help 謝謝你的幫助。
b) (It)Doesn’t matter.沒關(guān)系。
2.省略主謂語或主謂語的一部分 如：
a) (There is) No smoking. 禁止抽煙
b) (Is there)anything else ? 還有其他事嗎 ?
c) (You come)This way please.請(qǐng)這邊走。
d) (Will you) Have a smoke ? 抽煙嗎 ?
3.省略賓語 如：
—Do you know Mr. Li ? 你認(rèn)識(shí)李先生嗎?— I don’t know (him.) 我不認(rèn)識(shí)他
4.省略表語 如：
—Are you thirsty ? 你30歲了嗎? Yes , I am (thirsty). 是的，我是。
5.同時(shí)省略幾個(gè)成分 如：
a) —Are you feeling better now? 你覺得好些了嗎 ?—(I am feeling ) Much better (now) 好多了。
b) (I wish) Good luck (to you) .祝你好運(yùn)/祝你順利。
四、動(dòng)詞不定式省略，只保留to 的場(chǎng)合
1.不定式作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)，這些動(dòng)詞常見的有：love, like, care, wish, hope, expect, prefer, refuse, mean , try , oblige , advise , persuade , agree , want , afford , forget , remember , try , manage等。如：
a)— You should have thanked her before you left . —I meant to ,but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.—你本該在離開前謝謝她?！冶敬蛩氵@么做，但當(dāng)我就要離開的時(shí)候我卻找不到她了。(2000上海春)
b) You can do it this way if you like to .如果你想做，你可以這么做。
2.不定式作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語或主語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，這些動(dòng)詞常見的有：ask , tell ,advise, force, persuade, wish, allow, permit , forbid ,expect, order ,warn 等。如 ：
a) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street ,but his mother told him not to. 男孩想在街上騎他的自行車，但他母親不讓。(NMET1995)
b) She wants to come but her parents won’t allow her to (come). 她想來，可是她父母不讓。
3.不定式在句中作某些形容詞的狀語時(shí)，常見的形容詞有：happy, glad ,eager , anxious , willing , ready 等。如：
— I will be away on a business trip .Could you mind looking after my cat ? — Not at all.I would be happy to (look after your cat). —我要出差，你能幫我照顧一下我的貓嗎?—沒關(guān)系，我很愿意。
4.不定式作某些復(fù)合謂語時(shí)，常見結(jié)構(gòu)如：be able to, be going to, have to, ought to, used to等。如：
He doesn’t like fish but he used to 他現(xiàn)在不喜歡吃魚，但過去喜歡。
五、動(dòng)詞不定式to 的省略
1.主語部分有to do ,系動(dòng)詞 is 或 was 時(shí) ，作表語的不定式通常省去to。如：
The only thing you have to do is press the button.你必須做的惟一事情是按按鈕。
2.作介詞but ,expect ,besides 的賓語，前面又有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞 do時(shí)，不定式通常省去to. 如： He said that Chen Shuibian had nothing to do except push a pro-“independence” timetable.他說陳水扁除了推進(jìn)支持“獨(dú)立”的時(shí)間表外，什么也沒有做。
3.主語部分暗含to do，表語中的不定式通常省去to。如：
All I want (to do) is go to school and study hard .我想要(做)的就是上學(xué)，努力學(xué)習(xí)。
4.當(dāng)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)不定式并列時(shí)，其后的不定式符號(hào)可以省略，但有對(duì)比關(guān)系時(shí)不可省略。如： It is easier to say than to do . 說起來容易，做起來難。
5.在would rather?than? 等結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式符號(hào)常常要省略. 如：
I would rather stay at home than go to see a film.我寧愿呆在家也不愿去看電影。
6.在see ,watch ,notice ,hear, listen to ,look at ,feel ,have, make, let ,observe 等詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)省略不定式符號(hào)to;why (not) do 結(jié)構(gòu) 中, 不定式不帶to。如：
a) I saw her enter the room. 我看見她進(jìn)入了房間
b) Why not join us ?為什么不加入到我們的行列里來呢?
六.其他一些省略結(jié)構(gòu)
1.名詞所有格修飾的名詞，若表示住宅、店鋪、教堂或上下文已暗示或明確指出過的事物時(shí)，常?？梢允÷?。如：
We spent the weekend at the Mary's. 我們?cè)诂旣惣疫^的周末。
2.What和 how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，?？墒÷灾髡Z it 和be動(dòng)詞 如：
a) What a wonderful victory (it is ) for Tom ! 這對(duì)Tom來說是個(gè)多么大的勝利呀!
b) How beautiful (it is ) to be treated like a normal child. 被當(dāng)作一個(gè)正常孩子對(duì)待對(duì)他而言是多么美妙的一件事呀。
高三英語知識(shí)考點(diǎn)整理概括三
主謂一致練習(xí)
1. About 60 percent of the students _____ from the south, the rest of them _____ from the north and foreign countries.
A. are/is B. are/are C. is/are D. are
2. Half of the workers here _____ under 30 _____.
A. is/years B. are/year old C. is/years old D. are/years of age
3. Now Tom with his classmates _____ football on the playground.
A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing
4. The number of pages in this dictionary _____ about two thousand.
A. are B. has C. have D. is
5. Thirty dollars _____ too expensive.
A. are B. is C. were D. be
6. The audience _____ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.
A. is B. are C. was D. has
7. The secretary and principal _____ at the meeting now.
A. are speaking B. is speaking C. were making a speech D. have a speech
8. "If anybody _____, please put down _____ name," said the teacher to the monitor.
A. wants to buy the book/his B. want to buy the book/their
C. will buy the book/one's D. wants to have the book bought/her
9. Nothing but one desk and six chairs _____ in the room.
A. are B. is stayed C. is D. are left
10. Having arrived at the station, _____.
A. it was found that the train had left &nb, sp; B. th, e trai, n had left
C. the train was found left D. he found that the train had left
11. Between the two roads _____ a TV tower called "Skyscraper Tower".
A. stands B. standing C. which stands D. stand
12. Either of you _____ going there tonight.
A. will B. was C. is D. are
13. You as well _____ right.
A. I are B. I am C. as I am D. as I are
14. All but Dick _____ in Class Three this term.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
15. -- Shall I wait here for three hours?
--Yes. Three hours ___, __ t, , , , , o wait for such a doctor.
A. are not very long for you B. is not long enough fo, , , , , r you
C. was not long enough for you D. will be too long for you
16. Where to get the materials and how to get them _____ at the meeting.
A. have not discussed B. have not been discussed
C. has not discussed D. has not been discussed
17. I took mathematics and physics because I think that _____ very important for me to make further research in this field.
A. what is B. they are C. this D. which are
18. Every student and every teacher _____.
A. are going to attend the meeting B. have attended the meeting
C. has attended the meeting D. is attended the meeting
19. Three fourths of the bread _____ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _____ left on the table.
A. was eaten/were B. were eaten/was C. were eaten/were D. was eaten/was
20. This pair of shoes _____.
A. is her B. is hers C. are hers D. are her
21.There ______ no life on the moon.
A. is said to have B. are said to have C. is said to be D. are said to be
22.A group of ______ are eating ______ and ______ at the foot of the hill
A. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps grasses leaves
C. sheep; grass leaf D. sheeps grass leafs
23.My family raise a lot of _______, including two______.
A. cattles cows B. cows cattle C. cattle cows D. cow, cattles
24.What he says and what he does_______.
A. does not agree B. do not agree C. does not agree with D. not agree
25.The boy and the girl each ______ toys.
A. have their own B. has their own C. have her own D. has her own
26.She is the only one among the ______ writers who ______stories for children.
A. woman, writes B. women write C. women writes D. woman write
27.The railway station is ______from our school.
A. two hour`s drive B. two hours` drive C. two hour drive D. two hours drive
28.Mike and John`s ______.
A. father is a teacher B. fathers are teachers
C. father are teachers D. fathers are teacher
29.A great deal of talking and listening that ______ under casual circumstance may seem to be aimless.
A. is occurred B. are occurred C. occurs D. occur
30._______ the classroom needs to be cleaned.
A. Either the offices or B. The offices and C. Both the office and D. The office and
31.Three-fourths of the homework ______today.
A. has finished B. has been finished C. have finished D. have been finished
32.More than 60 percent of the world’s radio programmes ______in England.
A. is B. was C. are D. be
33. ______work has been done to improve the people`s living standard
A.A great deal of B.A great many C.A large number of D.Many
34.The rest of the magazines ______ within half an hour.
A.is sold out B.are sold out C.was sold out D.were sold out
35.There ______ a lot of sugar in the jar.
A. has B.have C.is D.are
36. “All ______present and all ______going on well”, our monitor said.
A.is is B.are, are C.are is D.is are
37.Yesterday the League secretary and monitor ______ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A.is B.was C.are D.were.
38.Mary as well as her sisters ______ Chinese in China.
A.are studying B.have studied C.studies D.study
39.The rich______ not always happy.
A.are B.is C.will D.may
40. ______can be done ______done.
A.All, have been B.All that ,have been C.All has D.All that ,has been
41.Either of the plans ______equally dangerous.
A.are B.is C.has D.have
42.The police ______the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
A.is searching B.were searching for
C.are searching D.was searching for
43.Your trousers ______dirty, you must have______ washed.
A.is it B.are it C.are them D.is them
44.The Olympic games ______held every four ______.
A.is years B.are years C.is year D.are year
45.He is the oly one of the students who______elected.
A.are B.have C.has D.is
46. ______a good enough price for this book
A.Two yuans are B.Two yuan are C.Two yuans is D.Two yuan is
47.No bird and no beast ______in the lonely island
A.are seen B.is seen C.see D.sees
48.Every means ______prevent the water from______
A.are used to polluting B. get used to polluting
C.is used to , polluted D.is used to ,being polluted
49.Each of the ______in the ship.
A.passenger has his own room B. passengers have their own room
C.passenger have their own room D.sengers has his own room
50.What we need ______good textbooks.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
51.What you said just now______to do with the matter we are discussing.
A.have something B.has something C.had something D.was something
52.Either your parents or your elder brother ______to attend the meeting tomorrow.
A.is B.are C.are going D.have
53.Neither of the novels which ______popular with us ______been translated into Chinese.
A.are has B.are have C.is have D.is has
54.Every boy and every girl ______to attend the evening party.
A.wish B.wishes C.hope D.are hoping
55._______ has been done.
A.nety—nine percents of the work B. Half of what he promised
C. Two-fifths of the articles D. Three quarter of the business
答案：
1-5 BDDDB 6-10 ABACD 11-15 ACDAB 16-20 DBCDB
21-25 CACBA 26-30CBACA 31-35 CCADC 36-40CBCAD
41-45 BBCBD 46-50 DBDDB 51-55 BAABB
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