英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)歸納
英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)歸納
時(shí)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)中一個(gè)重要的語(yǔ)法范疇,它表示不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)以及動(dòng)作發(fā)生或存在的方式。 小編在這里整理了相關(guān)知識(shí),快來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧!
英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)歸納
一 般 | 完 成 | 進(jìn) 行 | 完 成 進(jìn) 行 | |
現(xiàn) 在 | 現(xiàn)在一般時(shí) do | 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have done | 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) is doing | 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) have been doing |
過(guò) 去 | 過(guò)去一般時(shí) did | 過(guò)去完成時(shí) had done | 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) was doing | 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí) had been doing |
將 來(lái) | 將來(lái)一般時(shí) will do | 將來(lái)完成時(shí) will have done | 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) will be doing | 將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí) will have been doing |
過(guò)去將來(lái) | 過(guò)去將來(lái)一般時(shí) would do | 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí) would have done | 過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) would be doing | 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí) would have been doing |
1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
用法:
A) 表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。
B) 習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。
C) 經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。
例:He always helps others. (他總是幫助別人。)
D) 客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。尤其要注意,如果前后文不是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),則無(wú)法保持 主句、從句時(shí)態(tài)一致。
E) 表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,(僅限于某些表示“來(lái)、去、動(dòng) 、停、開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的動(dòng)詞 )可以與表示未來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)搭配使用 。常見(jiàn)的用法是:飛機(jī)、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通方式。
例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.
(下一趟火車今天下午3點(diǎn)開(kāi)車。)
How often does this shuttle bus run? (這班車多久一趟?)
F) 在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句里經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在(有時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))表示將來(lái)事 情。
例:When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.(等你完成這份報(bào)告的時(shí)候,我就已經(jīng)等了將近3個(gè)小時(shí)了。)
2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(be doing)
用法:現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have done)
用法:
A) 表示動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。
例:I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.
A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell
答案是C) haven't sold。
B) 表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)刻開(kāi)始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或情況,并且有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時(shí)經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用since加一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn),或for 加一段時(shí)間,或by加一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。
例:Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.
A) are to challenge C) have been challenged
B) may be challenged D) are challenging
全句的意思是:“雖然牛頓是個(gè)偉大的人物,但他的許多見(jiàn)解直到今天還在受到挑戰(zhàn),并且被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)家的工作所修正?!眂hallenge是及物動(dòng)詞,在本句中應(yīng)當(dāng)是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);其動(dòng)作延續(xù)到今天,所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。可見(jiàn)答案是C) have been challenged。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging都是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),不可能是答案。B) may be challenged雖然是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),但意思與全句內(nèi)容不合,所以不對(duì)。
C) 表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去,但對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作或情況。通常用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞,如:arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。
例:John has broken his left leg.(約翰摔斷了左腿。)
注意事項(xiàng)
A) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是聯(lián)系過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的紐帶?,F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別在于:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)態(tài),或受動(dòng)態(tài)的影響,是動(dòng)態(tài)的結(jié)果,對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響;過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。
例:He worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他曾經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。這只是講述一個(gè)過(guò)去的事實(shí),他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那家醫(yī)院了。)
He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他已經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院里工作了8年。表示他從過(guò)去開(kāi)始工作,一直工作到現(xiàn)在,現(xiàn)在仍在那家醫(yī)院工作。)
B) 因?yàn)楹衒or加一段時(shí)間或since加一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的完成時(shí),有動(dòng)態(tài)和延續(xù)性的特點(diǎn),所以不能使用終端動(dòng)詞或瞬間動(dòng)詞。
例:My sister has been married for 5 years.(過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ)表示狀態(tài),可以延續(xù))
My sister has married. Don't disturb her.(終端動(dòng)詞)
C) 在"this is the first/ second/ third…… time that……"句型里要求用完成時(shí)。
例:This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.(這是我公司產(chǎn)品第二次參加國(guó)際展覽會(huì)。)
D) 句型"It is/ has been……since"所使用的兩種時(shí)態(tài)都正確。
例:It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.(從我上次見(jiàn)到他以來(lái)已經(jīng)10年了。)
E) 在"no sooner than"、"hardly/ scarcely ……when"、"before"、"prior to"等句型中,主句要求完成時(shí)。
例:I haven't met that professor prior to today.(以前我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)那位教授。)
4. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(have been doing)
用法:表示某一動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去某一時(shí)間,延續(xù)或重復(fù)地出現(xiàn)至今,或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將來(lái)。
例:We have been working on this project for over a month now.(到目前為止,我們一直在處理那個(gè)項(xiàng)目,已經(jīng)花了一個(gè)多月時(shí)間了。)
注意事項(xiàng):與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相比,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào):在從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間里,動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)或一直反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。
例:1997年6月四級(jí)第45 題
It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right.
A) had leaked B) is leaking
C) leaked D) has been leaking
從本題上下文看,這兩個(gè)句子的意思是:“看來(lái),這個(gè)管道漏油已有一段時(shí)間了,我們將不得不拆卸機(jī)器排除故障?!钡诙浔硎緦⒁扇〉拇胧?。第一句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在第二句之前,并且延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在為止仍在繼續(xù)。因此,空格中需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。D) has been leaking是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),因此是本題的答案。有11%的考生誤選了B) is leaking。由于本句有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for some time,表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作延續(xù),謂語(yǔ)不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),必須用和完成時(shí)有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。有些考生誤選了C) leaked或A) had leaked。是因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有注意到本題第二句是一般將來(lái)時(shí),所以第一句的謂語(yǔ)不能用過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
5. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)
用法:
A) 表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。
B) 表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。特別是由would/ used to do表達(dá)的句型,本身表示的 就是過(guò)去時(shí)。
例:The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.(老人過(guò)去常常坐在寧?kù)o的公園里的一條長(zhǎng)椅上,看著其他的人,一坐就是數(shù)個(gè)小時(shí),什么也不干,也不和任何人交談。)
He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前總是每周看望一次他的母親。)
C) 有時(shí)可代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表達(dá)一種婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣、禮貌、商量的語(yǔ)氣。
例:I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?(我想向您借車用一用,可以嗎?)
Would you mind my sitting here?(您介意我坐在這里嗎?)
注意事項(xiàng):
A) 注意時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間的詞或詞組,如:yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等,絕對(duì)不可與recently, in the past 10 years, this month等連用,因?yàn)檫@樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
B) used to do的否定形式和疑問(wèn)形式很特別:你怎么寫(xiě)都正確。以否定形式為例:used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都對(duì)。
Used to do經(jīng)常與 be used to doing sth/ sth結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。前者表示"過(guò)去常?;蜻^(guò)去曾經(jīng)",要求加動(dòng)詞原形;后者表示"習(xí)慣于",要求加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。
6. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had done)
用法:表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或已經(jīng)存在的狀態(tài)。就是我們常說(shuō)的:表示"過(guò)去的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)"。
Until then, his family _________ from him for six months.
A) didn't hear C) hasn't heard B) hasn't been hearing D) hadn't heard
全句的意思是:“到那時(shí)為止,他家里已經(jīng)有六個(gè)月沒(méi)得到他的消息了?!庇纱丝梢钥闯?,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻才完成,因此謂語(yǔ)要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案是D)。其它選項(xiàng)中:A) didn't hear,因?yàn)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài),所以不能與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for six months連用。B) hasn't been hearing,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)刻繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,與題意不符。C) hasn't heard,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻到現(xiàn)在為止發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。而題中的then只表示過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻,不能表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。
注意事項(xiàng):“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”這種邏輯關(guān)系常通過(guò)上下文體現(xiàn)出來(lái),而不一定受某個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的限制。
例:There had been someone in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.(剛才有人在我們的房間里,因?yàn)槲覀兇蜷_(kāi)前門進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí),我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃燒的香煙。)
分析:雖然時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是just now,似乎應(yīng)該使用一般過(guò)去時(shí),但是“在房間里”這個(gè)狀態(tài)是在"開(kāi)門"和"注意"這兩個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作之前就存在的,所以應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
7. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(would/ should do)
用法:表示從過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的事。
例:I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.(我星期四說(shuō)我將于第二天拜訪我的朋友。)
注意事項(xiàng):由于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)是由過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)組合而成的,所以其注意事項(xiàng)可以參考過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)的相關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。
8. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(was/ were doing)
用法:
A) 表示在過(guò)去一個(gè)比較具體的時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
例:Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.(10分鐘前,瑪麗正在聽(tīng)輕音樂(lè)。)
B) 如果when, while這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞所引導(dǎo)的主從句之一是一般過(guò)去時(shí),則另一個(gè)句子常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
例:I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.(你敲前門時(shí)我正在洗頭發(fā)。)
注意事項(xiàng):其它與將來(lái)時(shí)有關(guān)的事項(xiàng)請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)下面所講的一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
9. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)
用法:
A) 基本結(jié)構(gòu)是will / shall do。
例:We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.(我們將送給她一個(gè)玻璃的手工制品,作為給她的生日禮物。)
B) 有些動(dòng)詞,如:arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等,用于一般進(jìn)行時(shí),并且通常與一個(gè)表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,可以表示將來(lái)時(shí)。
例:My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.(我媽媽下周將來(lái)看我,并會(huì)呆到5月。)
C) 表示“打算去……,要……”時(shí),可用be going to do。
例:This is just what I am going to say.(這正是我想說(shuō)的。)
D) 表示“即將、正要”時(shí),可用be about to do。強(qiáng)調(diào)近期內(nèi)或馬上要做的事。
例:Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.(別擔(dān)心,我馬上就給你做一次仔細(xì)的檢查。)
E) "be to do"的5種用法:
a) 表示“按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事”。
例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.(星期一你準(zhǔn)會(huì)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室見(jiàn)到她。)
b) 該做或不該做的事情(語(yǔ)氣上接近于should, must, ought to, have to),表示一種命令、規(guī)勸性語(yǔ)氣。
例:You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.(孩子們,你們必須 上床睡覺(jué),不準(zhǔn)吵鬧。我們的客人5分鐘之內(nèi)就要到了。)
c) 能或不能發(fā)生的事情(接近c(diǎn)an, may)
例:How am I to pay such a debt?(我怎么可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢?)
d) 不可避免將要發(fā)生的事情,后來(lái)將要發(fā)生的事情。
例:I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible. Have a little patience.
A. will be attended B. will be attended to
C. is attended D. is attended to
will be attended to關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)是:attend表示“處理,解決”時(shí)是不及物動(dòng)詞,必須與to連用。另外,從上下文看,事情顯然尚未解決,所以應(yīng)該用將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案是B。
e) 用于條件從句“如果……想,設(shè)想”(接近if ……want to,或if ……should)
例:Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.
A) is to be B) can be C) will be D) has been
答案是A) is to be。全句的意思是:“如果要避免食品短缺,就必須作出更大努力來(lái)增加農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量?!?/p>
F) 同樣可以表示“正要、將要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。
例:The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.(教練想要放棄這場(chǎng)比賽了,因?yàn)閷?duì)方已經(jīng)射進(jìn)了7個(gè)球。)
例:1999年6月四級(jí)第65題
I was _______ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.
A) in B) to C) at D) on
答案是D)。on the point of doing 是固定詞組,意思是“正要、打算”。全句的意思是:“當(dāng)他的信到的時(shí)候我正要打電話給他?!?/p>
注意事項(xiàng):
在以if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless等連詞以及具有連詞作用的副詞(immediately, the moment, directly)等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句,一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。強(qiáng)調(diào)延續(xù)性或動(dòng)態(tài)時(shí),可用完成時(shí)。
例:I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.(我希望到明年你回來(lái)的時(shí)候,他的身體已經(jīng)好多了。)
10. 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)(will be doing)
用法:強(qiáng)調(diào)在將來(lái)的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情。
例:Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.(別擔(dān)心,你不會(huì)認(rèn)不出她的。她到時(shí)會(huì)穿一件紅色的T恤衫和一條白色的短裙。)
注意事項(xiàng):由于本時(shí)態(tài)是由將來(lái)時(shí)和進(jìn)行時(shí)融合在一起的,所以關(guān)于本時(shí)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng),可參考"一般將來(lái)時(shí)"和"現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)"的有關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。
11. 將來(lái)完成時(shí)(will have done)
用法:表示從將來(lái)的某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始、延續(xù)到另一個(gè)將來(lái)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),或是發(fā)生在某個(gè)將來(lái)時(shí)間,但對(duì)其后的另一個(gè)將來(lái)時(shí)間有影響的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。就好象把現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)平移到時(shí)間軸的將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)段一樣。其用法從和過(guò)去及現(xiàn)在有關(guān),變成了和將來(lái)及將來(lái)的將來(lái)有關(guān)。
例:1997年1月四級(jí)第22題
The conference __________ a full week by the time it ends.
A) must have lasted B) will have lasted
C) would last D) has lasted
本題考核謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。全句的意思是:“會(huì)議從開(kāi)始到結(jié)束將持續(xù)整整一個(gè)星期。”句中by the time it ends表示動(dòng)作要延續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻,因此要用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。答案是B) will have lasted。如果選A),因?yàn)榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞must后面接動(dòng)詞不定式的完成時(shí)形式表示對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情的一種肯定推測(cè),而本句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是by the time it ends而非by the time it ended,所以犯了時(shí)態(tài)不呼應(yīng)的錯(cuò)誤。Would雖可以表示推測(cè)或可能性,但would last不能表示延續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作,所以C) would last錯(cuò)誤。因?yàn)镈) has lasted是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,不能表示延續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作,所以也不正確。
注意事項(xiàng):由于本時(shí)態(tài)是由將來(lái)時(shí)和完成時(shí)融合在一起的,所以關(guān)于本時(shí)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng),可以參考“一般將來(lái)時(shí)”和“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”的有關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。
12)將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí):shall have been doing ,will have been doing
例:By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years. (到下個(gè)月底為止,這項(xiàng)工程就已經(jīng)不停地進(jìn)行了3年了。)(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
13)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí):had been doing
例:The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.(我回到家之前,我10歲大的兒子已經(jīng)把這個(gè)舊鐘表拆卸并重新組裝了好幾回了。)(此處強(qiáng)調(diào)“拆卸”和“組裝”這兩個(gè)過(guò)去的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作一直在反復(fù)進(jìn)行。)(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
14) 過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí):should be doing , would be doing
例:The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.(政府承諾說(shuō)第二年7月將有一條新的高速公路正在修建。)(此句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是具體的將來(lái)時(shí)間,所以最好用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。)(此句為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
15) 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí):should have done , would have done
例:I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.(我堅(jiān)信到那年年底為止,那個(gè)軟件的新版本將被開(kāi)發(fā)出來(lái)。但是我錯(cuò)了。)(此句為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
16) 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí):should have been doing , would have been doing
例:They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years. (他們說(shuō)到第二個(gè)月底為止,這項(xiàng)工程就已經(jīng)不停地進(jìn)行了3年了。)
提升幸福指數(shù)的20小瞬間(雙語(yǔ)閱讀)
It's time to tap into your everyday joy.
是時(shí)候挖掘一下你每天的樂(lè)趣啦。
Big moments in life — weddings, births, new jobs, graduations — are special, but appreciating the smaller, daily occurrences can really maintain your happiness.
生活中的重要時(shí)刻——婚禮、誕生、新工作、畢業(yè),無(wú)疑都是特別的,但是對(duì)日常生活中發(fā)生的那些不起眼的小事報(bào)以感激,可以真正讓你保持快樂(lè)。
Here we've rounded up some tiny, joyful moments that never fail to lift everyone's mood. There's glee to be found in even the smallest circumstances:
這里,我們整理了一些一定會(huì)使每個(gè)人情緒高昂的快樂(lè)小瞬間。甚至在那些最不起眼的境況中,也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)快樂(lè):
1. When your boss gives you a compliment. Genuine compliments are way more meaningful than superficial praise. If your boss gives you sincere accolades for your work on something, you know they mean it.
1、當(dāng)你老板稱贊你的時(shí)候。真正的稱贊是比膚淺的表?yè)P(yáng)更有意義的方式。如果你的老板因你的工作表現(xiàn)而真心稱贊你,你知道他們是認(rèn)真的。
2. An upbeat conversation with a stranger. Research shows that social interactions with strangers can boost feelings of happiness.
2、與陌生人的一次愉快對(duì)話。研究表明與陌生人的社交互動(dòng)可以增加幸福感。
3. Finding a parking space in a crowded lot.
3、在一個(gè)擁擠的地方找到了一個(gè)停車位。
4. When the weather is perfect. That skip in your step on a spring day isn't all in your head. Studies suggest weather has an influence on your mood.
4、當(dāng)天氣非常好的時(shí)候。春日里,你走在路上時(shí)輕快的蹦跳并不是你腦海中所想的。研究表明天氣會(huì)影響你的情緒。
5. Taking a warm shower. Ahhh. Not only is it relaxing, it may help regulate your body temperature for better sleep.
5、來(lái)一次暖和的淋浴。啊啊啊~淋浴不僅能使人放松,而且可以幫助你調(diào)節(jié)體溫、改善睡眠質(zhì)量。
6. When your favorite artist comes out with new music. Music has a direct influence on your mood — even sad songs can evoke positive emotions. Turn the volume up.
6、當(dāng)你最喜愛(ài)的音樂(lè)家出新專輯的時(shí)候。音樂(lè)能直接影響你的情緒——甚至悲傷音樂(lè)也能激發(fā)積極情緒。把音量開(kāi)大點(diǎn)。
7. Finding money in your pocket. It's like your own miniature version of winning the lottery.
7、在口袋里找到錢。這就像你自己的彩票中獎(jiǎng)迷你版本。
8. When you finally get some peace and quiet. A little silence is good for your soul. Research suggests it could relieve stress and give your brain a much-needed break.
8、當(dāng)你終于平靜一些的時(shí)候。沉默一會(huì)兒對(duì)你的心靈是有好處的。研究表明它可以釋放壓力并讓你急需休息的大腦放松一下。
9. Snail mail. There's just something about a tangible invitation or letter that brings glee. It's way better than your inbox — which inevitably stresses you out.
9、郵寄信件。一些有形的邀請(qǐng)或信件會(huì)帶來(lái)歡樂(lè)。這是比電子郵件更好的方式,因?yàn)?電子郵箱中的)郵件必然會(huì)讓你緊張。
10. The first few moments after a fresh snowfall. Is there anything more serene?
10、剛下過(guò)雪的那一瞬間。還有什么比這更能使人平靜的嗎?
11. Crawling into bed with fresh sheets. There's just something about a well-made bed that instantly puts your mind at ease.
11、爬上鋪著新床單的床。一張鋪好的床瞬間就讓你覺(jué)得舒適。
12. When you cut a mango or avocado perfectly around the pit. Sweet, sweet success.
12、當(dāng)你完美地沿著果核切開(kāi)一個(gè)芒果或牛油果的時(shí)候。甜蜜的成就。
13. When someone surprises you with flowers. Any expression of gratitude — whether you're on the giving or receiving end — can improve your well-being.
13、當(dāng)某人用鮮花給你驚喜的時(shí)候。任何致謝——不論你是給予的一方或收獲的一方——都能增加幸福感。
14. When you recognize someone wearing your favorite team's jersey or in another country. Hive fives all around.
14、當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)有人穿著你最喜愛(ài)隊(duì)伍的隊(duì)服或是在另一個(gè)國(guó)家看到這樣一個(gè)人的時(shí)候。跟周圍的人擊掌吧~
15. The feeling you get after booking a trip. Start packing. Research shows planning a vacation can boost your happiness.
15、在預(yù)定了一趟旅行后你體會(huì)到的感受。開(kāi)始打包。研究表明計(jì)劃一次休假可以增加幸福感。
16. Listening to a baby giggle. Honestly, there's no better sound in the world. Go on and laugh with them — studies show laughing can boost your happiness and even lower your blood pressure.
16、聽(tīng)聽(tīng)嬰兒的笑聲。老實(shí)說(shuō),世界上沒(méi)有比這更動(dòng)聽(tīng)的聲音了。聽(tīng)著并跟他們一起笑吧!研究表明大笑能增加幸福感,甚至能降血壓。
17. The look on your pet's face when they see you. Now that's unconditional love. Research shows pet ownership makes you happier.
17、當(dāng)你的寵物看到你時(shí)他們臉上的表情。那就是無(wú)條件的愛(ài)。研究表明擁有寵物能增加幸福感。
18. Having a really good date with a loved one. It could be a significant other or just your best friend. Hanging with the special people in your life can reduce stress.
18、跟你喜愛(ài)的一個(gè)人來(lái)一次真正美好的約會(huì)??梢允菍?duì)你很重要的一個(gè)人或者只是你最好的朋友。跟你生命中特別的人一起閑逛能減輕壓力。
19. When your food comes at a restaurant. One word: mouthwatering.
19、當(dāng)在飯店里你點(diǎn)的食物上桌的時(shí)候。一句話:令人垂涎。
20. The moment when you realize you're incredibly content. A day with no complaints? That's the good stuff. Happiness looks good on you.
20、當(dāng)你意識(shí)到你非常滿足的瞬間。一天都沒(méi)有抱怨?那很不錯(cuò)。你幸福的樣子看起來(lái)很不錯(cuò)。
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