高一英語知識點有哪些
如果將人看作一棵樹,學習力就是樹的根,也就是人的生命之根。我們評價一個人在本質(zhì)上是否具有競爭力,不是看這個人在學校時的成績好壞,也不是看他的學歷有多高,而是要看這個人有多強的學習力。下面是小編給大家?guī)淼?a href='http://www.zbfsgm.com/xuexiff/gaoyiyingyu/' target='_blank'>高一英語知識點,希望能幫助到你!
高一英語知識點1
1.be good to對……友好be good for對……有益;be bad to…/be bad for…
2.add up加起來 增加
add up to合計,總計
add…to把……加到……
3.not…until/till意思是“直到…才”
4.get sth/sb done使……完成/使某人被……
5.calm down平靜下來
6.be concerned about關(guān)心,關(guān)注
7.當while,when,before,after 等引導的時間狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時,可將從句中的主語和be動詞省去。
While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose.
8.cheat in the exam_
9.go through經(jīng)歷;度過;獲準,通過
10.hide away躲藏;隱藏
11.set down寫下,記下
12.I wonder if…我不知道是不是…
12.on purpose故意
13.sth happen to sb某人發(fā)生某事
sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事
it so happened that……正巧 碰巧
14.It is the first(second…)that…(從句謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時)
15.in one’s power處于……的控制之中
16.It’s no pleasure doing…做…沒有樂趣
It’s no good/use doing sth.做某事是沒好處/沒用的
17.She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.it做形式賓語
18.suffer from患…病;遭受
19.so…that…/such…thay…
20.get tired of…對…感到勞累 疲憊
21.have some trouble with sb/sth.在……上遇到了麻煩
22.get along with sb/sth.與某人相處
23.ask(sb)for advice.(向某人)征求建議
24.make后接復合賓語,賓語補足語須用不帶to的不定式、形容詞、過去分詞、名詞等。常見的有以下幾種形式:
make sb.do sth.讓(使)某人做某事
make sb./sth.+adj.使某人/物…
make sb./oneself+v-ed 讓某人/自己被…
When you speak,you should make yourself understood.
make sb.+n.使某人成為…
25.alone /lonely.單獨的/孤獨的
26.I would be grateful if…委婉客氣提出請求
27.Why not do…=why don’t you do…
高一英語知識點2
一. 直接引語和間接引語
(一)直接引述別人的原話,叫做直接引語;用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話,叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi),間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時,除將引語部分變成賓語從句外,還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。
1. 時態(tài)的變化:直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態(tài),即把原來的時態(tài)向過去推,也就是一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時,現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時,等等。例如:
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化: 根據(jù)意義進行相應(yīng)的變化,例如:
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,“These books are mine.”
→He said that those books were his.
(二)直接引語改為間接引語時,都使用陳述語序,但是因為原句的句式不同,所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句,用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句,則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉(zhuǎn)述的動詞一般用asked,可以在其后加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如:
She said,“Is your father at home?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引語如果是祈使句,改為間接引語時,要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式,并在不定式的前面根據(jù)原句的語氣(即請求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等動詞,如果祈使句為否定式,則在不定式前加not。其句型為:ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如:
She said to us,“Please sit down.”
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,“Go away!”
→He ordered him to go away.
He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
二. 各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)
被動語態(tài)概述
被動語態(tài)的概念:它是動詞的一種形式,表示主語與謂語之間的執(zhí)行或被執(zhí)行關(guān)系。主動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動語態(tài)的形式是由“助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式如下:
1. 一般現(xiàn)在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞
例如:Rice is planted in the south of China.
2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞
例如:These trees were planted the year before last.
3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞
例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4. 現(xiàn)在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
例如:Your radio is being repaired now.
5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6. 現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞
注意:
1.除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。例如:Their questions haven’t got answered.
2. 含有情態(tài)動詞的謂語變成被動語態(tài)使用“情態(tài)動詞+ be + 過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語,其被動語態(tài)分別用“be going to + be + 過去分詞”和“be to + be + 過去分詞”。例如:
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4. 被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別:“連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu),與被動語態(tài)的形式完全一樣,所以應(yīng)注意它們的區(qū)別。被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞是動詞,多強調(diào)動作;系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞相當于形容詞,多強調(diào)狀態(tài)。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執(zhí)行者,而后者則不可以。例如:
The map was changed by someone.(被動結(jié)構(gòu))
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞通??杀籿ery修飾,被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如:
He was very excited.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
He was much excited by her words.(被動結(jié)構(gòu))
5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味,如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如:
These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。
The door won’t shut. 這門關(guān)不上。
The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
高一英語知識點3
一、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的構(gòu)成(形式)
外教一對一 一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
過去分詞的構(gòu)成:done
二、過去分詞的用法
過去分詞一般表示完成的和被動的動作,只有一種形式。
過去分詞用法如下:
1.作定語 和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的用法相同。作定語用的過去分詞如果是單詞,一般放在名詞的前面;如果是過去分詞短語,要放在名詞的后面。
2.作表語
3.作賓語補足語
4.作狀語
三、現(xiàn)在分詞的用法
1. 作定語 作定語用的分詞如果是單詞,一般放在名詞的前面。如果是分詞短語,一般放在名詞的后面,它的功用相當于定語從句。
2. 作表語
3. 作賓語補足語 分詞在復合賓語中可作賓語補足語。可帶這種復合賓語的動詞有:see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep等。
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