初中英語冠詞用法
初中英語里冠詞是比較特殊的，和動詞等比起來會非常的簡單，說它復(fù)雜，很多同學(xué)怎么學(xué)也學(xué)不會，下面就圍繞著冠詞的用法來為大家講解，希望可以幫助到大家。
初中英語寶典之冠詞用法
冠詞的定義
冠詞定義：對名詞起泛指、特指、不定量或定量等限定作用的詞。
作用：在名詞之前起修飾限定作用。
冠詞分類
不定冠詞 a/an
用來表示這個冠詞后面的名詞是指某一類特定事物中的一個，但具體是哪一個并不重要
a :
用于以輔音(指發(fā)音而不是拼寫)開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞
an:
用于以原音(指發(fā)音而不是拼寫)開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞
A book An hour A university A park A dog
定冠詞 the
用于名詞前，表示特指，即某個特定的人或事物
Give me the pen on the desk. I love the girl in red.
Please fill in the form before leaving.
零冠詞
指名詞前不帶冠詞并且能單獨使用的情況
表示抽象概念時復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前用零冠詞; 專有名詞，季節(jié)月份星期，頭銜等用零冠詞。
Dogs are friendly.
Teachers are well-respected. Beijing is the capital of China.
冠詞的具體用法
（一）不定冠詞a,an的用法如下：
a用于輔音音素開頭的詞前，an用于元音音素開頭的詞前。
值得注意的是：
A. 如果不定冠詞后面第一個詞以元音字母u開頭就用a。例如university, useless, useful, unit, uniform。
B. 如果不定冠詞后面第一個詞以不發(fā)音的h開頭，而h后面第一個音的音素是元音因素，就用an。例如hour, honest。
C. 如果不定冠詞和名詞前有其他詞，不定冠詞的形式仍取決于它后面第一個詞的語音形式。例如an actress, a beautiful actress。
1表示人或事物的某一類(含義相當(dāng)于一類事物的任何一個)
A dictionary is a useful book.
An underground train can start and stop quickly.
2用于表示數(shù)量、時間的名詞前，表示“一”的意思，但數(shù)的概念沒有one強烈。The plan will be ready in a day or two, once a week.
3．泛指某人或某物，但未具體說明何人、何物，如：
A boy is waiting for me.
Give me a pen, please.
4用于某些固定短語中
如： a few, a little, a lot of, a number of, just a minute, in a hurry, for a while, for a long time, a cup of, a bottle of, have a rest, have a talk, have a fever, have a good time, have(take) a walk, have a toothache, take a bath, give a lesson
（二）定冠詞用法如下：
定冠詞的用法如下：
1．指彼此都知道的人或事物，如：
Open the door, please.
Go and close the window.
2．特指某（些）人或某（些）事物，如：
The girl in red is my sister.
The man over there is our English teacher.
The book on the desk is mine.
3．指前面提到過的人或事物，如：
Here is a picture of a modern car factory. My father works in the factory.
4．用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級前,在方位詞前。如：
The Nile is the longest river in the world.
He won the first prize.
The sun rises in the east.
5．用在某些名詞化的形容詞，過去分詞前，表示一類人或事物， 如：
the rich, the sick, the new , the false
6．用在某些專用名詞前， 如：
the Great Wall
the People’s Republic of China
the United Nations
the Netherlands
7．在江河、海洋、山脈、湖泊、群島的名稱的前面，如：
the North China Plain
the Rocky Mountains
the Yangtse River
8．在一些用語中，如：
in the morning(/afternoon/evening), in the day, by the way, on the whole, the next morning, all the year around, the other day, at the same time
初中英語寶典之冠詞用法
（三）不用冠詞的情況
1．專有名詞人名，地名，節(jié)日，月份，年份，星期和不可數(shù)名詞(一般指物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞)前一般不用冠詞。如：
China, Beihai Park
2．名詞前面已有用作定語的 this, that, my, your, some, any , no等代詞作定語時，不用冠詞。如：
The letter is from my father.
I have a book in my hand.
3．在復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時，如：
Horses are useful animals.
I like cakes.
4．在節(jié)日名稱，（稱呼語和表示官銜的名詞前）星期、月份、季節(jié)前。如：
Today is Sunday.
Spring is the best season in the year.
Children’s Day
5．表示某一類人或事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。
6．球類，棋類，語言，三餐，游戲名稱和顏色前不加冠詞。如:
I like to play basketball.
We have lunch at school.
7．在表示家庭成員名稱，稱呼語，表示頭銜或職務(wù)的名詞前不加冠詞。
8. 在某些固定搭配和習(xí)慣用語中，如：
go to school , be in hospital, be in prison
注意下列詞組的區(qū)別， in fort of與in the front of, in hospital與in the hospital, at table與at the table, go to school與go to the school, a number of children=many children, The number of children =孩子的數(shù)量
復(fù)習(xí)時需要注意的要點
（1）在school, college, university, hospital, prison, church, class, table, bed等表示機構(gòu)名稱、組織名稱和家具的名詞前，用定冠詞和用不定冠詞意義有差異。用定冠詞強調(diào)處所，而不用定冠詞意義有所引申。比較：
at table 就餐
at the table 坐在桌邊
go to school 去上學(xué)
go to the school 去這個學(xué)校
in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在這家醫(yī)院
go to prison （違法而）進監(jiān)獄
go to the prison 到監(jiān)獄
go to church 做禮拜
go to the church 到教堂
in class 在課堂上
in the class 在班級里
（2）在某些詞前用不同冠詞（定冠詞、不定冠詞和零冠詞），意義大不相同，例如：
a little/few 有一點
little/few 幾乎沒有
a number of 許多
the number of ……的數(shù)目
in front of 在……前面
in the front of 在……前部
take place 發(fā)生
take the place of 代替
out of the question 根本不可能
out of question 沒有問題
the most beautiful 最漂亮
most beautiful 非常漂亮
for a moment 片刻
for the moment 暫時
實戰(zhàn)演練
一、例題選講
例1 There is “h” in word “photo”．
A． a，a B． an，the
C． the，an D． an，an
答案： B
提示： h雖然是輔音字母，但發(fā)的音是元音音素開頭的，因此要用an，而word 是特指，所以后面要用the。
例2 She is honest girl．
A． an B． a
C． / D． the
答案： A
提示： “honest”中h是不發(fā)音的，因此這個單詞是元音音素開頭的。
例3 He goes to school after breakfast．
A． / B． the
C． an D． a
答案： A
提示： 在表示三頓飯前不用定冠詞。
例4 Browns are going to visit Yangtse River. It is longest river in China and third longest river in world
A． The…the…the…the…the…the B． The…the…the…/…the…the
C． /…the…the…the…/…the D． The…/…the…the…the…the
答案： B
提示： the+姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示一家人，在江河、海洋、山脈、湖泊、群島的名稱的前面要用定冠詞the，而形容詞最高級前面通常要加定冠詞the，the+序數(shù)詞+最高級表示第幾，而in the world表示在世界上。
冠詞專題練習(xí)
一、選擇填空
1. She is ____ girl. She is ____ English girl.
A. a, a B. an, a C. a, an D. a, /
2. Tom is ____ English. He is ____ English boy.
A. an, an B. / , an C. / , / D. a, a
3. ____ live in Room 208.
A. The Green B. Green C. The Greens D. Greens
4. January is ____ first month of the year.
A. a B. / C. an D. the
5. We should think of ____ old and ____ sick.
A. a, a B. an, a C. the, the D. /, /
6. ____ number of the students in our class is 52.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
7. She can play ____ piano, but she can’t play ____ football.
A. the, the B. the, / C. /, the D. a, a
8, There is ____ “s” in the word “six” and ____ “s” is the first letter of the word.
A. a, the B. a, an C. an, the D. a, a
9. A horse is ____ useful animal.
A. an B. a C. the D. this
10. He has already worked for ____ hour.
A. an B. a C. the D. three
11. Lucy wants to become ____.
A. some teacher B. a teacher C. teacher D. teachers
12. Hainan is ____ island, isn’t it?
A. the B. one C. a D. an
13. What do you usually do after ____?
A. the class B. class C. the classes D. a class
14. I’ll have to buy ____ trousers.
A. a B. two C. a pair of D. pair
15. I’ve thrown my old shoes away. I’ll have to buy ____.
A. a new pair B. a new one C. some new D. some new pair
16. My uncle told me he was going to visit ____.
A. the United State B. The United States C. United States D. United State
17. They failed six times, but they have decided to try____.
A. seven times B. the seven time C. the seventh time D. seventh time
18. Who are those boys? One is my brother and ____.
A. the big boy is Mike B. a big is Mike
C. the big boy is a Peter D. a big boy is a Peter
19. You will find ____ girl in black. She is ____ teacher.
A. a, the B. the, a C. a, a D. the, the
20. ____ birds can fly very high in ____ sky.
A. The, the B. The, a C. An, the D. A, the
21. I’m not looking at ____
A. sun B. sky C. the sun D. some sky
22. The little boy wishes to be ____
A. Lei Feng B. the Lei Feng C. this Lei Feng D. a Lei Feng
23. ____ have studied English in our school.
A. Most of students B. The most students
C. Most of the students D. Most students
24. Tom’s brother hit Bob on ____ nose.
A. his B. the C. its D. a
25. We are going to have an exam ____.
A. in the class B. in a class C. at the class D. in class
26. We have had ____.
A. good dinner B. a good dinner C. the good dinner D. good dinners
27. ____ fine weather we have today! Let’s go swimming.
A. What a B. How C. What D. How a
28. There’s ____ apple tree behind ____ house.
A. an, the B. a, a C. an, a D. the, the
29. We can see the sun in ____ daytime, but we can’t see it at ____ night.
A. a, the B. the, / C. a, / D. an, /
30. I saw ____ old man walking across the street and ___ old man looked worried.
A. an, an B. the, the C. an, the D. the, an
31. What ____ it is!
A. a heavy rain B. heavy rain C. a heavy rains D. heavy rains
32. ____ time we had at the party!
A. What wonderful B. What a wonderful
C. How wonderful D. How a wonderful
33. ____ tallest building in the town is ____ Bank of China.
A. The, the B. A, a C. The, a D. A, the
34. Little Tom looked at the big shark ____.
A. in the surprise B. in surprised C. in surprise D. at a surprise
35. ____ more carefully you ride, ____ fewer falls you’ll get.
A. The, the B. A, the C. The, a D. A, a
36. He has made____ decision that he will be ____ inventor some time.
A. a, the B. a, an C. the, an D. the, the
37. – We haven’t seen for ____ long time. Where have you been?
- I have been for ____ holiday with my parents.
- Have ____ nice time!
- Thank you.
A. a, the, a B. the, a, a C. a, a, a D. a, the, the
38. – Excuse me, can you tell me way to ____ Xinhua Bookstore?
- Go along this road, and then turn to ____ right at ____ first crossing, at ____ end of the street, you can find it.
A. the, a, the, the, the B. a, the, the, a, the
C. the, the, the, a, the D. the, the, the, the, the
39. Why nor take ____ friend with you? That’s ____ good idea.
A. a, the B. the, the C. a, a D. the, a
40. Take the medicine three times ____ day.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
41. English is ____ language. It is ____ important tool.
A. a, a B. a, an C. the, an D. a, /
42. Meimei has ____ high fever and his mother is looking after her.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
43. Lucy takes ____ walk after supper every day.
A. the B. a C. / D. an
44.Paper is made of ____ wood.
A. a B. the C. / D. that
45. ____ February is the second month of the year.
A. The B. A C. / D. an
46. We have no classes on ____ Sundays.
A. the B. a C. an D. /
47. I studied ____ English in ____ England.
A. /, / B. an, the C. an, an D. /, the
48. We go to school by ____ bus.
A. / B. a C. the D. an
49. These boys play ____ football after class.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
50. There is ____ bridge over the river, ____ bridge is made of stone.
A. a, a B. a, the C. the, the D. the, a
51. Sunday is ____ first day of the week.
A. the B. / C. a D. an
52. ____ Greens were having breakfast at seven this morning.
A. A B. An C. / D. The
53. She is one of ____ most popular teachers in this school. Every student loves her.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
54. There is ____ 800-metre-ong bridge over the river.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
55. ____ number of the students are playing ____ basketball on the playground.
A. A, a B. The, the C. The, a D. A, /
56. They often take a walk in ___ Bei Hai Park.
A. the B. a C. / D. this
57. The old man was ill in ____ hospital.
A. the B. / C. a D. an
58. There is no ____ book on the desk.
A. the B. a C. an D. /
59. Beijing is ____ capita of ____ People’s Republic of ____China.
A. a, the, the B. the, the, / C. the, the, the D. the, a, the
60. He started ____ school when he was seven.
A. the B. a C. an D./
61. He has ____ great deal of interest in ____ English.
A. a, an B. the, the C. a, / D. a, the
62. He is ____ cleverest boy in our school.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
63. She often spends much ____ time reading.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
64. Boys likes to go ____ boating.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
65．-Where’s nearest bookstore?-There’s one at end of the street.
A．the…an B．a(chǎn)…the C．the…the D．a(chǎn)…an
66． -What do you think of film “National Treasure”?
-It’s wonderful film, I think.
A．a(chǎn)…a B．a(chǎn)…the C．the…the D．The…a
67． S.H.E is going to sing at CCTV annual Spring Festival Evening Party
A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/
68． There is “h” in the word “photo”.
A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/
69．Please pay attention to your spelling. You’ve dropped “m” here.
A．the B．a(chǎn)n C．a(chǎn) D．/
二、用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空
1. Thomas Edison was one of ____ greatest inventors on ____ world.
2. Man is ____ only animal that can talk.
3. Is this house ____ older of the two?
4. ____ earth moves around ____ sun.
5. I live in ____ northeast of China.
6. There are sixty minutes in ____ hour.
7. ____ honest boy is Jim, ____ friend of mine.
8. Children usually go to ____ school at ____ age of seven.
9. Here is ____ useful book to read.
10. Would you like ____ rice or ____ bread for your breakfast?
11. ____ poor are always happier than ____ rich.
12. He took me by ____ hand.
13. They have ____ son and ____ daughter. ____ son is a doctor and ____ daughter is a teacher.
14. ____ orange is orange.
15. He watched the student from ____ head to ____ foot.
16. What ____ interesting book it is!
17. ____ clouds over ____ sea were lovely yesterday.
18. There is ____ little milk in the fridge, I’ll go and buy some.
參考答案：
一、1C 2B 3C 4D 5C 6C 7B 8C 9B 10A 11B 12D 13B14C15A 16B 17C 18A 19B 20A 21C 22D 23C 24B 25D 26B 27C 28A 29B 30C 31A 32 B 33A 34C 35A 36B 37C 38D 39C 40A 41B 42A 43B 44C 45C 46D 47A 48A 49D 50B 51A 52D 53B 54B 55D 56C 57B 58D 59B 60D 61C 62C 63D 64C 65.C 66.D 67.D 68.B 69.B
二、1.the,the 2.the 3.the 4.The, the 5.the 6. an 7. The, a 8. /, the 9. a
10. /, / 11. The, the 12. the 13. a, a, The, the 14. An 15. /, / 16. an
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