現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)用法
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是初中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn),同時(shí)也是??純?nèi)容,因此熟悉現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)、用法等內(nèi)容,有利于提升英語(yǔ)成績(jī),下面就來(lái)詳細(xì)了解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),進(jìn)而完善初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)體系。
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)用法
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),從字面上理解,就是“現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行、發(fā)生的動(dòng)作”,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是“現(xiàn)在”,動(dòng)作目前的狀態(tài)是“正在進(jìn)行中”。
所謂“正在進(jìn)行中”,是指在談到這件事的時(shí)候,這個(gè)動(dòng)作還在進(jìn)行中。至于它是什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始的,什么時(shí)候會(huì)停下來(lái),不是我們關(guān)心的。
所以“正在進(jìn)行時(shí)”的事件,可能發(fā)生幾年了,也可能只有幾分鐘。仍在進(jìn)行中這是“正在進(jìn)行時(shí)”的關(guān)鍵所在。它是一件持續(xù)進(jìn)行的事情。
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成
句式構(gòu)成如下:
肯定句式:主語(yǔ)+be( am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它.
否定句式:主語(yǔ)+be(am, is, are) +not +現(xiàn)在分詞+其它.
一般疑問(wèn)句:Be(am, is, are) +主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它?
特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+be(am, is, are)+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它?
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法
A表示現(xiàn)在( 指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)) 正在發(fā)生的事情。 例:We are waiting for you.
B. 習(xí)慣進(jìn)行:表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作,說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。 例:Mr. Green is writing another novel.
(說(shuō)話時(shí)并未在寫(xiě),只處于寫(xiě)作的狀態(tài)。) 例:She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
C.已經(jīng)確定或安排好的將來(lái)活動(dòng)。
I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已經(jīng)安排了) we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已經(jīng)拿到了)
在實(shí)際運(yùn)用時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常用以下幾種情況:
(1)當(dāng)句子中有now時(shí),常表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,這時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:
They are playing basketball now.現(xiàn)在他們正在打籃球。
(2)以look, listen開(kāi)頭的句子,提示我們動(dòng)作正進(jìn)行,這時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:
Listen!She is singing an English song.聽(tīng),她正在唱英語(yǔ)歌。
(3)表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,且此時(shí)有this week, these days等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),這時(shí)常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:
We are making model planes these days.這些天我們?cè)谧鲲w機(jī)模型。
(4)描述圖片中的人物的動(dòng)作,也為了表達(dá)更生動(dòng)。此時(shí)也常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:
Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看這幅圖,那些孩子正在公園放風(fēng)箏。
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)用法
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的常見(jiàn)考法
對(duì)于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查,多以單選或詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用的形式考查學(xué)生在具體語(yǔ)境中靈活運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)的 能力。在考試中,會(huì)讓大家判斷是否該用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),或填寫(xiě)現(xiàn)在分詞,或進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換。
典型例題1: Listen, who________(sing) in the music room?
解析:以 listen開(kāi)頭,提示我們動(dòng)作正進(jìn)行,這時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。所以應(yīng)用is singing
典型例題2:The boys are visiting the history museum。(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
解析:對(duì)動(dòng)作提問(wèn)用What,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),把a(bǔ)re 提到主語(yǔ)前,加doing。
答案:What are the boys doing?
誤區(qū)提醒 :
在口語(yǔ)中表示主語(yǔ)計(jì)劃將要作的動(dòng)作,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí),這類情況常與come來(lái),go去, leave離開(kāi),depart離開(kāi),arrive到達(dá),stay逗留,start開(kāi)始等動(dòng)詞連用。所用的動(dòng)詞必須是動(dòng)作而不是狀態(tài),主語(yǔ)必須是人。
典型例題:They are (leave)for New York tomorrow.
解析:題意為“明天他們將要?jiǎng)由砬巴~約”。雖然tomorrow 表示“明天”,表達(dá)未來(lái),但leave要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí),所以應(yīng)用leaving 。
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的練習(xí)題
一、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空:
1.The boy is __drawing____ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls are singing________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother __is cooking________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _are____ you doing______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They ____are having_____( have) an English lesson . 6.They aren't watering________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ___is dancing_________(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our daughter doing? She is listening______ (listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We are having_____________(have)supper now 10._Is_____Helen___washing_________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
二、選擇填空。
( )1. Some are _________ in the river and some are _____ games.B
A. swiming, skating B. swimming, skating C. swimming, skateing
( )2. Look! The boy students are ___ football while the girls are ________.B
A. playing, dance B. playing, dancing C. play, dancing D. play, dance
( )4. ________ he ______ on well with his friends this term? A. Dose, gets B. Dose, get C. is, getting D. Is, geting D
( ) 5. Mr. Smith ______ short stories, but he ______ a TV play these days.C
A. is writing, is writing B. is writing, writes C. writes, is writing D. writes, writes
( ) 6. I _______ to the cinema. I _________ there every Sunday.B
A. go. go B. am going, go C. go. am going D. am going, am going
( ) 7. Look. they _________ a good time, _________ they?D
A. have, do B. have, don't C. are having, are D. are having, aren't
( ) 8. You ________about the future (將來(lái)) now, ________you?D
A. don't think, don't B. aren't thinking, aren't C. don't think, do D. aren't thinking, are
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