初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)之一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
有很多同學(xué)分不清時(shí)態(tài),時(shí)態(tài)是一篇文章的主線,如果時(shí)態(tài)都分不清那我們就分不清事情發(fā)生的先后,會(huì)對(duì)我們做題設(shè)障礙,所以今天小編為大家整理了一些時(shí)態(tài)上的知識(shí),希望能幫到大家。
初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)之一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài)。
一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法如下:
1.表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài): e.g. He’s twelve. She’s at work.
2.表經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。: eg. I get up at 6:30 every day.
He reads English every morning.
3.表主語(yǔ)具備的性格、 能力和特征。 e.g. I don't like this book.
4.表示客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。The earth moves around the sun.
5. 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。
eg. I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.
二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成:
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用行為動(dòng)詞的原形,但第三人稱單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。第三人稱單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)則是:1.一般的動(dòng)詞詞尾+S。2.以sh/ch/s/x結(jié)尾的詞+es.3.以輔音字母+Y結(jié)尾的把Y變成i,+es。4.輔音字母+o結(jié)尾的+es.
基本結(jié)構(gòu):
1.be動(dòng)詞
肯定句: 主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如: I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。
否定句:主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑問(wèn)句:Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。 如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如:Where is my bike?
2.行為動(dòng)詞
1) 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第一,二人稱及復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),助動(dòng)詞為do
肯定句:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如: We often play basketball after school.
否定句:主語(yǔ)+ don't+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如:we don’t play basketball after school.
一般疑問(wèn)句:Do +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它?
如: Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't.
特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+以do開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句?
如: What do you often do after school ?
2) 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí) , 助動(dòng)詞為does
肯定句:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞三單式(+其它)。如: He swims well.
否定句:主語(yǔ)+ doesn’t+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如:
He doesn’t swim well..
一般:Does +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。
如:Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+以does開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句?
如: How does your father go to work?
常見(jiàn)考法:
對(duì)于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查,多以單選或詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用的形式考查學(xué)生在具體語(yǔ)境中靈活運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)的能力。在考試中,會(huì)讓選擇be動(dòng)詞,或判斷用一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的原型還是單三形式,或進(jìn)行肯定句、否定句、疑問(wèn)句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換,或判斷用正確時(shí)態(tài)。這在 初一階段是一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。
初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)之一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
典型例題:
She will find him a kind man when she more about him.
A. knows B. know C. will know D. is going to know
解析:在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)時(shí)。She是一個(gè)單三人稱,故用knows
答案:A。
誤區(qū)提醒:
當(dāng)用動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)單數(shù)時(shí),一定要正確運(yùn)用。
典型例題:
Lucy _____(enjoy) music and she often sings songs.
解析:從often可判斷出本題表達(dá)的是經(jīng)常性的事情,應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)Lucy是一 個(gè)人,為第三人稱單數(shù),所以enjoy 應(yīng)變?yōu)閱稳问?,很多學(xué)生會(huì)把enjoy 變成enjoies ,但實(shí)際上enjoy 不符合“輔音字母+Y結(jié)尾”的條件,所以它應(yīng)變?yōu)閑njoys.
練習(xí)一下吧
鞏固練習(xí)題:按照要求改寫(xiě)句子
1.This is my pencil ? (變一般疑問(wèn)句) your pencil ? Is
2. These red socks are Kate’s . (變一般疑問(wèn)句)
socks Kate’s ? Are these
3. I want to buy a big green bag . (變特殊疑問(wèn)句)
you want to buy ? What do
4. Mary does not have any books . (變肯定句)Mary books .
5. The clothing shop is on sale . (變?yōu)榉穸ň? is_isn't
6. She likes the black bag very much . (變?yōu)榉穸ň? doesn't like
7. I buy the pants for only 50 Yuan. (用she改寫(xiě)句子)
the pants for only 50 Yuan. She buys
8. It’s an English dictionary . (改為否定句)It isn't
9. Lily and Lucy are fifteen years old now . (對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn))
Lily and Lucy ? How old are
10. Her dog is 2 years and 5 months old . (變?yōu)榉穸ň?
Her dog 2 years and 5 months old . isn't
11. I usually get up at seven o’clock . (用he改寫(xiě)句子)
at seven o’clock . He usually gets up
12. He often has hamburger and apples for dinner . (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句) Does he ofen have humburger and apples for dinner?
13. My family always like thrillers . (對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn))
your family always like ? What
14. Jane’s sister wants to see the comedy . (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句)
Jane’s sister to see the comedy ? want
15. Maria and Jack come to this school on Monday .(對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn))
Maria and Jack come to this school ? When do
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