托福閱讀解析之二:為什么要關(guān)注例子所在段的段落大意
一篇文章一般只有一個主標題和一個中心思想,文章每段有各自的段落大意,段落大意均起到烘托文章中心思想的作用,那么如何體現(xiàn)每段段落大意?每段各自的論證對象體現(xiàn)每段的段落大意。例子用于闡明所論證的對象,論證對象用于表達段落大意,所以例子間接體現(xiàn)段落大意。
接下來,通過TPO 24 – Lake Water中的一道修辭目的題來闡述,為什么要關(guān)注例子所在段的段落大意?
例題2
Residence times vary enormously. They range from a few days for small lakes up to several hundred years for large ones; Lake Tahoe, in California, has a residence time of 700 years. The residence times for the Great Lakes of North America, namely, Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario, are, respectively, 190,100,22,2.5, and 6 years. Lake Erie’s is the lowest: although its area is larger than Lake Ontario’ s, its volume is less than one-third as great because it is so shallow-less than 20 meters on average. (TPO 24: Lake Water)
Why does the author discuss the Great Lakes in the paragraph?
A.To demonstrate the extent to which residence times vary from lake to lake
B.To illustrate how residence times are calculated for specific lakes
C.To argue that the residence time of a lake increases with area
D.To emphasize that Lake Tahoe' s residence time is unusually long
講解:
通過分析題干(作者為什么討論Great Lakes?),我們知道這道題目屬于修辭目的題。
首先,根據(jù)題干所給細節(jié)(例子),即Great Lakes,去原文段落中定位(見標紅部分),并將細節(jié)所在的那句話讀懂(見染黃部分)。染黃部分是一個Great Lakes的例子,北美五大湖分別是蘇必利爾湖、密歇根湖、休倫湖、伊利湖和安大略湖,這些湖水存在時間分別是190年、100年、22年、2.5年和6年。在讀懂這個例子之后,同學們肯定會疑問,作者為什么要用這個Great Lakes的例子?作者想用這個例子想闡明什么觀點?
接下來,我們?nèi)ダ忧懊婵匆豢?見染藍部分),作者究竟想用這個Great Lakes的例子闡明什么。我們通過染藍部分發(fā)現(xiàn),作者想表達湖泊里水的存留時間有巨大差異。
綜上所述,通過Great Lakes的例子,作者想要論證湖與湖之間水的存留時間有巨大不同。
答案:A
本文作者:考情報告(微信公眾號:純青教育)
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