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英語考研單詞整理筆記

時間: 斯祺1212 分享

英語考研單詞整理筆記

  翻碩復(fù)習(xí)的一大重頭戲就是詞匯,而詞匯量是巨大的,必須要有日常的積累和復(fù)習(xí),并且掌握科學(xué)的記憶方法,才能最有效地積累詞匯量。下面是關(guān)于英語詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)筆記以供大家參考。

  (1)

  1、bicker(vi) ~ with sb over/about sth (為小事)爭吵

  The children are always bickering over their toys 孩子們常常為了玩具爭吵

  ★ wrangle(vi,n) ~ with sb about/over sth 與某人為某事爭吵或爭辯

  They were involved in a long legal wrangle with the company over payment。他們與 那家公司在付款問題上陷入長期的法律糾紛中。

  2、contrive(vt)plan cleverly or deceitfully;invent;design 謀劃或策劃某事,發(fā)明,設(shè)計

  (vt)想盡辦法做某事

  contrive to live on a small income 靠微薄收入精打細算過日子

  ◎ contrived(adj)(貶)人為的,策劃的,虛假的,非自發(fā)的

  a contrived incident intended to mislead the newspaper 企圖蒙蔽報界的人為事

  件。

  ★ hatch(vi)~ out (指小鳥、小魚)從卵里孵出

  The hen hatches out her young by sitting on the eggs 母雞伏在蛋上孵小雞。

  (vt) ~ sth out/up 策劃(陰謀),擬定(計劃)

  What mischief are those children hatching up?那些孩子在琢磨什么鬼花樣?

  3、dazzle(vt)(通常用于被動語態(tài))(因強光、閃爍等)使某人目眩,眼花繚亂

  I was dazzled by his headlights。 他的車頭燈照的我目眩。

  (vt)使某人贊許,稱奇

  He was dazzled by her beauty and wit 她的聰明美貌使他為之神魂顛倒。

  ★ glare(n)耀眼的光;怒視,惡狠狠的注視

  (習(xí))in the glare of publicity 經(jīng)常在報紙電視上的,受公眾矚目

  (vi) ~ at sb/sth 怒視,惡狠狠的盯視

  He didn’t shout and swear,but just glared sliently at me。他不喊不罵,只是默默怒

  視著我。

  ◎ glaring(adj)令人目眩的,耀眼的;生氣的,兇狠的

  4、fumble(vt)(笨拙的或緊張的)摸索或處理某事物

  He fumbled the ball and then dropped it。他笨手笨腳的漏接了球。

  (vi) ~ at/for/with sth 笨手笨腳的尋找某物

  She fumbled with her notes and began to speak 她手忙腳亂的翻出講稿,然后開始講

  話

  ★ grope(vi) ~ about for/after sth 摸索,探索

  a tricky question which groping him for an answer。迫使他搜尋答案的棘手問題

  5、impair(vt)削弱或損害某事物

  Today’s attack has seriously impaired attempts to achieve peace in the area。今日發(fā)動 的攻擊嚴重損害了在該地區(qū)謀求和平的努力。

  ★ damage(n) ~ to sth 損失,損害,損毀; (復(fù)數(shù))損害賠償金

  (v) 損害,損壞

  damage relations between two countries 損害兩國的關(guān)系

  6、mortify(vt)(通常用于被動語態(tài))使某人深感羞辱或難堪

  He felt mortified 他深感難堪

  ◎ mortifying(adj)使人丟臉的

  ◎ mortification(n)難堪

  ★ humiliate(vt)使某人感到羞恥或不光彩,使喪失尊嚴或自尊

  He felt humiliated by her scornful remarks 他聽到她那些嘲諷的話而感到屈辱。

  ◎ humiliation(n)受辱

  7、predominant(adj)有勢力的,占優(yōu)勢的

  Which country is the predominant member of the alliance?哪個國家在聯(lián)盟中居

  于支配地位?

  (adj)極其顯著的,盛行的

  Her predominant character is honesty。 她最為突出的優(yōu)點是誠實。

  ★ outstanding(adj)杰出的,優(yōu)秀的,

  (adj)(通常做定語)地位顯著的,為人矚目的

  The outstanding features of the landscape。景色的顯著特點。

  8、sanitary(adj)清潔的,衛(wèi)生的,保健的

  Conditions in the kitchen was not very sanitary。廚房環(huán)境不太衛(wèi)生

  ★ hygienic(adj)衛(wèi)生的,清潔的

  hygienic conditions 衛(wèi)生的環(huán)境

  ◎ hygiene(n)衛(wèi)生學(xué)

  9、wallet(n)錢包、皮夾(尤指用于放紙幣、證件的)

  ★ purse(n)小錢袋,小錢包

  10、warrant(n) ~ for sth 授權(quán)命令

  issue a warrant for sb’s arrest 發(fā)出逮捕某人的逮捕狀

  (n)(可得到貨、錢、服務(wù)的)憑證,證件

  a travel warrant 通行證

  (n) ~ for sth/doing sth 正當理由,根據(jù)

  He had no warrant for doing that 他那樣做毫無道理

  (vt) 證明正當、有理或恰當

  Nothing can warrant such severe punishment。這樣嚴厲 de 懲罰毫無依據(jù)。

  ★ assurance(n)自信,把握;保證,擔保

  ◎ assure(v)明確或有信心的告訴某人,向某人保證

  可能做的都做到了。

  They were assured that everything possible was done 已經(jīng)向他們保證,凡是

  樂于工作。

  (v) ~ sb/oneself of sth 使某人(自己)對某事物確信不疑或覺得肯定無誤

  They tried to assure him of their willingness to work 他們盡力使他相信他們

  ◎ assured(或者 self-assured)(adj)自信的,有把握的

  (2)

  1、allocate(vt) ~ sth to sb/sth assign sth for a special perpuse(為某目的)配給,分配某事物 給某人

  allocate funds to us for repair work 撥出經(jīng)費給我們做修理費

  ◎ allocation(n) 配給,分配,撥出

  ★ apportion(vt) ~ sth among/to sb give sth as a share 分配某事物,分派某事物

  I don’t wish to apportion blame among you/to any of you。我不愿意怪罪大家。

  ◎ apportionment(n)分配,分派

  2、brawl(n)大聲爭吵,打架

  (vi)打鬧

  gangs of youths brawling in the streets 在街上打打鬧鬧的一幫青年

  ★ fight(vi) ~ against 爭取克服、戰(zhàn)勝、摧毀或防止某事物

  fight against poverty 與貧困做斗爭

  The two dogs are fighting over a bone。 兩只小狗為一塊骨頭撕咬。

  (vi) ~ about/over sth 爭吵,爭論

  It’s a trivial matter and not worth fighting about。區(qū)區(qū)小事不值得爭吵。

  (詞組)fight back 反擊,回擊,抵抗

  After a disastrous first half the team fought back to level the match。該隊在上半場 慘敗后重整旗鼓以求扳回平局。

  (詞組)fight sb/sth off 抵抗或擊退某人某事物

  fighting off repeated enemy attack 擊退敵人一次又一次的進攻。

  3、cynical(adj)憤世嫉俗的,自私的不為人所齒的,心中只有自己的爾爾。

  They’ve grown rather cynical about democracy他們逐漸感到所謂民主制度也不過

  ★ sarcastic(adj)諷刺的,譏諷的,挖苦的

  a sarcastic person 好挖苦的人

  ◎ sarcasm(n)諷刺,挖苦

  ★ contemptuous(adj)鄙視的,表示輕蔑的

  He threw it away with contemptuous gesture。他帶著不屑一顧的樣子把它扔了。

  ★ sneer(vi) ~ at sb/sth 嘲笑,譏笑某人某事物

  I resent the way he sneer at our efforts 我們已十分努力而他還譏笑我們,我很反感。

  4、embellish(vt) ~ sth with sth 美化、裝飾或修飾某物;渲染、添枝加葉(使之更有趣,可 笑)

  a dress embellished with lace and ribbons 有花邊和飾帶的連衣裙

  He often embellishes the tales of his travels。他常給他的旅游趣聞添枝加葉。

  ◎ embellishment(n)裝飾、渲染、潤色;裝飾之物

  ★ adorn(vt) ~ sth/sb/oneself with sth 裝飾某物、某人、自己,裝點,佩戴,裝扮

  The dancer was adorned with flowers 跳舞的人戴著許多花。

  5、gallant(adj)勇敢的,英勇的;華麗的,堂皇的

  a gallant soldier 勇敢的戰(zhàn)士

  a gallant ship 華麗的船

  ◎ gallantry(n)勇氣,勇敢,英勇

  He won many hearts by his gallantry。他以殷勤熱情贏得芳心無數(shù)。

  ★ splendid(adj)華麗的,壯麗的,堂皇的

  a splendid house 富麗堂皇的房子

  6、immerse(vt) ~ sth in sth 使某物浸于某液體中

  immerse the plant in water 把植物浸在水中

  (vi) ~ oneself in sth 使自己專心于,沉浸于

  He immersed himself totally in his work。 他埋頭于工作。

  ★ plunge(vi)使某物突然而猛力投入,穿入,進入等;陷入;使某物突然前移或跌落

  They plunged into the water 他們跳進了水中

  The news plunged us in despair。我們聽到那消息后就陷入了絕望。

  7、ostentatious(adj)夸耀的,炫耀的,賣弄的

  dress in a very ostentatious manner 穿的非常顯眼

  ◎ ostentation(n)(對財富、知識、技巧等的)夸耀、炫耀、賣弄

  Their daughter’s wedding reception was sheer ostentations 他們女兒大辦婚事純

  粹是為了炫耀。

  ★ showy(adj)炫耀的,顯示的

  8、presentiment(n)預(yù)感(尤指不祥的),兇兆

  a presentiment of trouble ahead 要出亂子的預(yù)感

  ★ foreboding(n) 要有危險或壞事的預(yù)感

  She had a sinister foreboding that the plane would crash。她有個不祥的預(yù)感,飛機

  要失事。

  ◎ forebode(v) 預(yù)示(尤指壞事)

  9、satiate(vt)(通常用于被動語態(tài))使某人充分滿足而不再需要某事物

  She pushed her chair back from the table,satiated。她把椅子從餐桌處向后挪了 挪,再也吃不下了。

  ★ surfeit(n)(通常做單數(shù))過度,過量(尤指飲食)

  a surfeit of rich food is bad for you。多吃油膩食物對身體有害。

  (vt) ~ sb/oneself with/on sth 向某人/自己過多的提供某物(尤指食物)

  10、undulate(vi)波動,起伏,呈波浪形

  wheat undulating in the breeze 微風中起伏的麥浪

  ◎ undulation(n)波動,起伏

  ★ wave(vi)(指固定的物體)往復(fù)或上下擺動

  a flag waving in the breeze 微風中飄揚的旗子


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