国产成人v爽在线免播放观看,日韩欧美色,久久99国产精品久久99软件,亚洲综合色网站,国产欧美日韩中文久久,色99在线,亚洲伦理一区二区

學習啦 > 學習英語 > 英語其它 >

雅思閱讀同義替換考點之死穴分析

時間: 騰宇1219 分享

  同義替換是雅思考試的重點考察方式,遍布聽說讀寫4科,在雅思閱讀上,則是舉足輕重的存在,可謂得同義替換者,得雅思閱讀天下。下面是小編為您收集整理的雅思閱讀同義替換考點之死穴分析,供大家參考!

  雅思閱讀同義替換考點之死穴分析

  上義詞與下義詞相信是為大部分Ieltser所不熟悉的,但在雅思閱讀的同義替換考察中,它卻是幽靈殺手般的存在。。本文將通過多種雅思閱讀題型實例來展示一下上義詞與下義詞在雅思閱讀各種題型中的應用,希望能給大家一些啟發(fā)。

  首先,我們來看一道雅思閱讀判斷題,選自C5-P42-Q13 Bakelite was only available in a limited range of colours.本題定位原文最后一段難度不大,但很多同學把最后一段看了一遍又一遍,還是沒有結果。大家也不妨試一下。原文如下:

  Baekeland's invention, although treated with disdain in its early years, went on to enjoy an unparalleled popularity which lasted throughout the first half of the twentieth century. It became the wonder product of the new world of industrial expansion - 'the material of a thousand uses,. Being both non-porous and heat-resistant, Bakelite kitchen goods were promoted as being germ-free and sterilisable. Electrical manufacturers seized on its insulating properties, and consumers everywhere relished its dazzling array of shades, delighted that they were now, at last, no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the pre-plastic era. It then fell from favour again during the 1950s, and was despised and destroyed in vast quantities. Recently, however, it has been experiencing something of a renaissance, with renewed demand for original Bakelite objects in the collectors' marketplace, and museums, societies and dedicated individuals once again appreciating the style and originality of this innovative material.

  實際上,此題就運用了雅思閱讀同義替換之上義詞替換下義詞這一伎倆。我們可以通過colours 定位到原文這樣的信息‘ no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the pre-plastic era’。也就是將colours替換了文中大部分學員比較熟悉browns。由于看出limit與restrict的替換難度并不大,那么此題與原文中no longer矛盾,選FALSE也就很輕松了。

  其實,不僅僅是判斷題,在雅思閱讀填空題中的應用也讓不少學員嘗到很多苦頭。我們再看一個例子,選自C6-P29-Q40 ........... produce is particularly expensive. 此題在原文中的定位難度也不大,很多學員都定位了如下的原文內容。

  Provisions available in local shops have to be flown into Nunavut on one of the most costly air networks in the world, or brought by supply ship during the few ice-free weeks of summer. It would cost a family around £7,000 a year to replace meat they obtained themselves through hunting with imported meat.

  但是,具體答案定位哪一句,很多同學犯了難,原文中根本就沒有與答案最為密切的produce。我們再仔細分析一下,原來題干中的produce (農產品)可以替換原文中meat,答案也就是imported了。在這里,我只能說不熟悉這種命題思路的烤鴨被害慘了。

  其實,相比以上兩種題型,上義詞與下義詞在雅思閱讀段落信息配對題的出現(xiàn)頻率更高。比如,C9-P93-Q18:

  reference to a possible link between culture and a particular form of behaviour, 其中‘a particular form of behaviour’替換了原文H段的‘a struggle over toy’, 再比如C9-P43-Q5: a list of medical conditions which place some children more at risk from noise than others,其中‘medical conditions’替換了原文D段的 ‘hearing impairment, autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit disorders (ADD/ADHD)’。

  我們發(fā)現(xiàn),題干中的名詞可能會作為上義詞來考查,回原文定位時需要留意該詞的具體化概念,并謹記‘題上文下’的雅思閱讀同義替換原則。

  雅思閱讀信號詞講解 8種類型助你不再迷茫

  在雅思閱讀具體的解題過程中,其實有一個關鍵節(jié)點,就是定位到關鍵詞,可如何快速定位呢?那么就要運用到文章中廣泛出現(xiàn)的雅思閱讀信號詞了??梢哉f提升雅思閱讀速度,答題準確率,都要靠這些信號詞的導引。

  雅思閱讀當中,與考點相關的信號詞根據(jù)其所表達的邏輯關系可以八大類,分別是表順接和遞進,表對比和轉折,表相似,表排列次序,表強調作用,表最高級。比較級,表因果關系,表舉例子和說明。信號詞好比旅途中的路標與燈塔,讓你不致迷路,可以朝著發(fā)現(xiàn)解題題眼的正確方向邁進,所以,熟練掌握各類雅思閱讀關鍵詞是雅思高分的基本條件之一。

  雅思閱讀信號詞之一、順接和遞進

  例詞:also, furthermore, moreover, what is more, in addition…

  考點:And Western scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom… (C6, P28, Q31找標題)

  解析:And在這句話開頭,有一定的遞進含義,this wisdom則是指代了前面一句話出現(xiàn)的their wealth of traditional knowledge(因紐特人傳統(tǒng)的知識),所以這兩句話有緊密的聯(lián)系,同學們在讀題的時候要通過發(fā)現(xiàn)信號詞,然后發(fā)散地看它的前后句,最后把考點考察的 意思補充完整。

  雅思閱讀信號詞之二、對比和轉折

  例詞:however, but, although, nevertheless, on the other hand, by comparison, while

  考點:But such projects must be built to higher specifications and with more accountability to local people and their environment than in the past. (C7 P24 Q20)

  解題:此題是段落大意配對題,在確定H段段落大意時,段落中間but之后出現(xiàn)的那句話就是解題的關鍵,根據(jù)句子中出現(xiàn)的兩個比較級,可以確定答案應該為X The need to raise standards.

  考點:While suggestopedia has gained some notoriety through success in the teaching of modern languages, few teachers are able to emulate the spectacular results of Lozanove and his associates. (C7 P27 倒數(shù)第二段 Q39, 40)

  解析:段首句用while引起注意,我們可以根據(jù)success, 和后半句中的few teachers, spectacular results, 搞定最后兩個填空題。

  雅思閱讀信號詞之三、相似

  例詞:similarly, in other words, that is, put another way, as …

  考點: Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do.(C4, P28, Q40)

  解析:題目考的是對文章的總結。因此解題時重點看文章中表示結論的句子,thus這個單詞給了我們提示,而句子中的as.。.do表達的是一個相似的邏輯,因此答案可以確定為B。

  雅思閱讀信號詞之四、排列次序

  例詞:firstly, second, another, the second, the most, the best, next, then, now, later, since, eventually, finally…

  考點:First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world i an objective and impersonal way,。。. (C5, P49, Q30-31)

  解析:題目30-31考的是并列和否定的邏輯關系,原文中的first, second, 對應的就是題目中的neither.。.nor.。。這個并列關系,這兩題的答案就迎刃而解了。

  考點:First mechanism, then mass use of chemical fertiliser and pesticides, then monocultures, then battery rearing of livestock, and now genetic engineering – the onward marching of intensive farming has seemed unstoppable in the last hal- century, as the yields of produce have soared. (C7, P44, Q15)

  解析:段首句連用表示次序的信號詞,first, then, then… and now, 體現(xiàn)發(fā)展的不同階段。(the stages of development of farming industry C7 P77 選擇配對)

  雅思閱讀信號詞之五、強調作用

  例詞:in fact, in essence, in particular, emphasize…

  考點:This, in essence, is the problem of modern sociobiology- to discover the degree to which hard-wired genetic programming dictates… (C5, P21, Q18 信息包含題)

  解析:信息包含題考察細節(jié)是在哪個段落出現(xiàn),在做此類題目時,要注意信號詞與考點的密切相關性,從而迅速找準答案。這里出現(xiàn)了in essence(實質上),起了一定的強調作用,迅速掃讀后,發(fā)現(xiàn)同時出現(xiàn)了題目關鍵詞sociobiology, 破折號后面的介詞to表目的,與題目中的the general aim of一致對應。

  雅思閱讀信號詞之六、最高級、比較級

  例詞:–est, most, best, more, better, superior, inferior, preferable, exclusively, extremely.。。

  考點:Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain, animal or human. (C5, P44, Q24)

  解析:題目中出現(xiàn)了最高級the most difficult tasks, 因此在原文中也應該相應的出現(xiàn)最高級。除了明顯的the most, -est, 還有些單詞本身也含有最高級的含義,比如extremely, exclusively, superficially, 文中的這個extremely demanding對應的就是題目中的最高級,所以答案也確定。

  雅思閱讀信號詞之七、因果關系

  例詞:as, because, since, lead to, as a result, result in, consequently, therefore, thus, the caused of…

  考點:Until recently, not much was known about the topic, and little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying. Perhaps as a consequence, schools would often deny the problem.(C6, P94, Q33)

  解題:題目問的是學校否認問題反應了什么,就是這個現(xiàn)象的根本原因。因此原文中consequence就給解題提供了信息,根據(jù)consequence之前的一句話就可以將答案找到。

  雅思閱讀信號詞八、舉例子和說明

  例詞:for example, for instance, that is to say, i.e., such as, including…

  考點:Other substances were then introduced: including fillers, such as woodflour, asbestos or cotton… (C5, P39, Q5 流程圖)

  解析:我們看到such as后面是舉例子,such as后面的例子可以作為定位詞,woodflour, asbestos, cotton就是fillers的其中一種。Fillers在這里就是一個概括性的詞語,常常是考點。

4500908