雅思閱讀段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題講解
雅思閱讀里的段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題,解題重點(diǎn)是理解并概括全段的大意,所以,就往往變成了一個(gè)找主題句的過(guò)程。雖然我們知道雅思閱讀的段落主題句往往是在句首或句尾,但也有一些例外情況,下面是小編為您收集整理的雅思閱讀段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題講解,供大家參考!
雅思閱讀段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題講解 6種題型6種策略
在雅思閱讀配對(duì)題中,段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題是相對(duì)而言比較簡(jiǎn)單的一種。但面對(duì)雅思閱讀段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題時(shí),我們不能一味單純地從尋找主題句出發(fā),更不應(yīng)該機(jī)械地將其弄成了只看首尾句其他一概不顧的無(wú)腦做題,只有熟悉其可能出現(xiàn)的各種特殊情況,才能從容準(zhǔn)確而快速地完成段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題。本文將分析雅思閱讀段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題的6種類型。
雅思閱讀段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題之1:段落內(nèi)容均為舉例
策略:略讀舉例內(nèi)容,大致了解舉例目的(即論據(jù)部分所支持的觀點(diǎn)),并將其與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對(duì)照,與舉例目的表達(dá)相同觀點(diǎn)的選項(xiàng)即為正解。
例: The Dutch are not the only would-be moles. Growing numbers of Europeans are burrowing below ground to create houses, offices, discos and shopping malls…; in winter months in Montreal, Canada, for instance, citizens can escape the cold in an underground complex compete with shops and even health clinics. In Tokyo builders are planning a massive underground city to be begun in the next decade, and underground shopping malls are already common in Japan…
分析:很明顯,此段沒有所謂的主題句,而是以Europe, Canada 以及Tokyo為例.在快速看完舉例部分后,我們不難總結(jié)出,舉例的目的是要說(shuō)明世界各地正著手開發(fā)包括地下城市,地下診所,地下舞廳和地下購(gòu)物中心在內(nèi)的多樣化地下服務(wù)設(shè)施.而這一觀點(diǎn)正好跟選項(xiàng)Developing underground services around the world 相吻合。
雅思閱讀段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題之2:段落本身有主題句,但正確選項(xiàng)并未根據(jù)主題句歸納
策略:繼續(xù)讀主題句后面部分的內(nèi)容,即擴(kuò)展句(supporting sentences, 對(duì)主題句起支持或進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明的句子)部分,正確選項(xiàng)往往就是對(duì)擴(kuò)展句具體涉及內(nèi)容的概括。
例: There are big advantages, too, when it comes to private homes. A development of 194 houses which would take up 14 hectares of land above ground would occupy 2.7 hectares below it, while the number of roads would be halved… An underground dweller himself, Carpenter has never paid a heating bill …
分析:不難看出,劃線的句子作為本段的首句,具有概括性,實(shí)為主題句。如果正確選項(xiàng)是依據(jù)此句來(lái)歸納的話,那理應(yīng)包含advantages 或是同樣表示優(yōu)勢(shì)、優(yōu)點(diǎn)、長(zhǎng)處的其它詞。可事實(shí)是,所給選項(xiàng)中沒有一項(xiàng)涉及此類詞。單純找主題句看來(lái)對(duì)于這個(gè)段落已不適用。繼續(xù)往后讀,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),后面部分其實(shí)是對(duì)地下住宅所具備的優(yōu)點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步舉例解釋。列舉數(shù)字無(wú)非是要說(shuō)明地下住宅節(jié)省土地和空間;而以Carpenter這個(gè)地下住宅居住者為例,就是要說(shuō)明這種住宅既省錢又節(jié)能。由此,答案鎖定為Demands on space and energy are reduced.
雅思閱讀段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題之3:段落中涉及多個(gè)觀點(diǎn)內(nèi)容
策略:正確答案常常依據(jù)段落中所占篇幅較多或作者要強(qiáng)調(diào)的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)歸納
例: Building big commercial buildings underground can be a way to avoid distinguishing or threatening a beautiful or ‘environmentally sensitive’ landscape. Indeed many of the buildings which consume most land - such as cinemas, supermarkets, theatres, warehouses or libraries - have no need to be on the surface since they do not need windows.
分析:此段總共包含兩個(gè)句子,但各句表明不同的觀點(diǎn)。前者認(rèn)為修建大型地下建筑可以避免破壞城市風(fēng)景,而后者則強(qiáng)調(diào)很多建筑因?yàn)椴恍枰皯艨梢员唤ㄔ诘叵?。Indeed(確實(shí),甚至)的出現(xiàn),正好表明本段的重心是要突出強(qiáng)調(diào)后者觀點(diǎn),即有些建筑不需要窗戶(自然采光)。所以毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地選擇 Some buildings do not require natural light。
雅思閱讀段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題之4:比較關(guān)系出現(xiàn)在句中
策略:忽略作為參照物的前者,后者才是作者真正要說(shuō)明的觀點(diǎn)
例: Working Germans are particularly vulnerable, with a 33 percent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.
分析:此段兩句以by comparison 銜接,同時(shí)也體現(xiàn)了前后兩者的比較關(guān)系。以working Germans 作為參照物,本段真正的目的在于表明后者,即那些失業(yè)人員在星期一患心臟病的機(jī)率并不比其它任何一天高。所以正確答案為Jobless but safer。
雅思閱讀段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題之5:轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步關(guān)系出現(xiàn)在句中
策略:忽略讓步狀語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)容,重點(diǎn)關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)折部分,即but 或however等表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞后面的內(nèi)容。
例: The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study coordinated by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more tan 2,600 Germans revealed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.
分析:but的出現(xiàn)引導(dǎo)我們關(guān)注其后面所要表明的內(nèi)容。又因?yàn)槎温錁?biāo)題配對(duì)是對(duì)段落大意的概括,所以在理解轉(zhuǎn)折部分的內(nèi)容時(shí),我們只需要把握住句子的主干就可以了。由此,根據(jù)主干a study revealed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day 研究顯示普通人在星期一患心臟病的比率比其它任何一天高出百分之二十, 我們選擇選項(xiàng) High-risk Monday。
雅思閱讀段落標(biāo)題配對(duì)題之6:表達(dá)相同含義的詞或短語(yǔ)相繼出現(xiàn)在段落各句中
策略: 尋找含有高頻詞匯的選項(xiàng)
例: … If we are to believe the forecasts, it is predicted that two-thirds of the world population will be without fresh water by 2025…While some areas are devastated by flooding, scarcity of water in many other places is causing conflicts. The state of Texas in the United States of America is suffering a shortage of water … there is now talk of water being the new oil.
分析:本段各句中都涉及水資源的短缺,相關(guān)詞匯分別為:without fresh water, scarcity of water, a shortage of water 以及 water being the new oil。根據(jù)詞義對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng),得出正解為 shortage of water。
雅思閱讀高分3大必備要素
2018年雅思江湖再起,對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)越來(lái)越激烈留學(xué)大軍,想入名校,必先拿下一個(gè)語(yǔ)言成績(jī),而對(duì)于選擇了雅思的同學(xué)而言,則必定要在雅思閱讀上拿下7.5甚至更高的成績(jī)。那么如何從根本上提升自己的雅思閱讀成績(jī)呢?請(qǐng)看3大必備要素。
仔細(xì)分析所有的雅思閱讀高分獲得者,他們的共同的特征無(wú)外乎幾條:扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言功底,熟稔考試規(guī)律與題型,還有較大的課外閱讀量。本文將從此3個(gè)方面討論分析雅思閱讀高分之路,附2018雅思閱讀評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)表。
雅思閱讀高分要素之一、要具備扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言功底
詞匯量最能體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言功底的方面,詞匯量直接影響的就是考生對(duì)于文章的細(xì)節(jié)的理解,進(jìn)而影響做題速度和準(zhǔn)確率,所以在雅思學(xué)習(xí)的任何階段都不可忽略詞匯的記憶,讀到任何一篇新的文章,都會(huì)遇到一些比較關(guān)鍵的生詞,大家再平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中要注意積累,隨時(shí)記下這些比較關(guān)鍵的生詞,當(dāng)然了,并不是要你記下一個(gè)就去查一個(gè),而是在記錄完一批后再去查,并時(shí)常拿出來(lái)反復(fù)記憶;
扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法功底則是另外一個(gè)影響文章理解的重要因素,雅思閱讀中最多的就是各種從句、復(fù)合句,對(duì)于這些長(zhǎng)難句的理解最不可忽視的就是對(duì)句子的語(yǔ)法分析,熟悉語(yǔ)法規(guī)律才能在遇到這些長(zhǎng)難句時(shí)準(zhǔn)確快速的理解文章意思。
雅思閱讀高分要素之二、要對(duì)考試規(guī)律和題型的解題技巧非常了解
通常這是通過(guò)大量做題總結(jié)出來(lái)的,當(dāng)然我們也為了讓大家更快地了解并熟練使用這些規(guī)律和技巧,也總結(jié)出了許多做題的經(jīng)驗(yàn)供大家學(xué)習(xí)。當(dāng)然了,你如果能在做題過(guò)程中總結(jié)出一些更適合自己使用得技巧那就更好了,因?yàn)橹挥袑?duì)題型了解足夠充分的情況下,才有可能總結(jié)出一些可用的技巧。
雅思閱讀高分要素之三、要有目的地拓寬自己的閱讀量
尤其是一些??嫉念}材,比如:自然科技類、社會(huì)人文類、生態(tài)環(huán)保類、語(yǔ)言教育類等。如果你原本知識(shí)面就較廣泛,那么在雅思閱讀中就更容易比較好的理解文章大意,也更加有助于理解文章的細(xì)節(jié)信息。