雅思閱讀高手的四個(gè)“絕招”
雅思閱讀高手的四個(gè)“絕招”
雅思閱讀高分四大絕招 閱讀是最需要積累的一項(xiàng)語言能力，詞匯、句法乃至常見文章寫法、思路，沒有一段時(shí)間循序漸進(jìn)的積累和能力的提升，閱讀的能力——Competence就不會(huì)有實(shí)質(zhì)的提高。只憑技巧(Skills)沒有實(shí)力(Competence)是不可能有長(zhǎng)久的效果的。下面是小編給大家?guī)淼难潘奸喿x高手的四個(gè)“絕招”，希望能幫到大家!
雅思閱讀高手的四個(gè)“絕招”
其一：“點(diǎn)穴”——正確認(rèn)識(shí)和有效提高詞匯量。
即便是土生土長(zhǎng)的老外也會(huì)遇到生詞，莫說很多倉(cāng)促上陣的考鴨們。而且考試時(shí)間就是金錢，不可能一字一句毫無遺漏地讀完。所以筆者提倡根據(jù)考試選材的常見類別進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的專題復(fù)習(xí)，加以一定的技巧，是可以在短期內(nèi)有效提高單詞的。比如劍4test3中的火山一文，除了學(xué)習(xí)文中的詞匯，還可以把滑坡landslide,海嘯tsunami等詞加以銜接，達(dá)到舉一反三的效果。若能結(jié)合國(guó)家地理或者探索頻道的相關(guān)節(jié)目，效果會(huì)更好。建議抽取其中一兩個(gè)段落進(jìn)行精讀，尤其熟悉短語和句型的表達(dá)，這樣詞匯必將更上一層樓。
同時(shí)要注意近義詞的表達(dá)和積累。這在summary和是非題中都有體現(xiàn)。題目往往來個(gè)易容之術(shù)，殊不知真相就在眼前。比如“下降”一詞，就至少有diminish,dwindle,plunge,plummet,等等，而詞的用法和感情色彩有各自不同。前兩者表示逐步下降，而后兩者強(qiáng)調(diào)劇烈，突然的程度。
另一方面，對(duì)詞性的把握要到位，這一點(diǎn)在summary中極為突出。考試中?？嫉臒o外乎動(dòng)詞，名詞以及形容詞。預(yù)先估計(jì)出所填詞的詞性和大意，往往能先發(fā)制人。比如劍五global warming的summary(第28頁(yè))可以在不看文章的情況下靈活判斷，第39題課根據(jù)常理進(jìn)行合理推斷出之有通過正確而有效的方法來應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖，縱觀所有選項(xiàng)，只有right符合。
此法好比武學(xué)之中的點(diǎn)穴秘籍，搏擊之時(shí)拿人要穴，一擊中的，可起四兩撥千斤之效。關(guān)鍵之時(shí)一詞語能救人。務(wù)必持之以恒，方見成效。
其二：“經(jīng)脈”——語法要疏通
語法無用論是堅(jiān)決錯(cuò)誤的!語法好比人體經(jīng)絡(luò)，詞匯好比氣血，即便表面血?dú)馔?，而?jīng)脈不通，隱藏的病癥就會(huì)郁積的越厲害，發(fā)作之時(shí)如燎原之勢(shì)必然一發(fā)不可收拾。沒有語法的詞匯就像是脫韁的野馬，散落的珍珠，無法夠成一個(gè)有力的整體，發(fā)揮不了原有的效力。
筆者也不提倡死背語法，而提倡活學(xué)活用。常用的語法如通過連接詞判斷詞語乃至句子之間的聯(lián)系，判斷句子的主謂賓，分析從句這都是基本功。即使找到題目所蘊(yùn)含的關(guān)鍵詞切莫高興的太早，一定要仔細(xì)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。往往答案巧妙的隱藏在原文之中，卻不是光看表面就找的出來的。
其三：“巧勁”——巧用統(tǒng)籌方法
段落matching 號(hào)稱殺手，其實(shí)也并非無法可治。
比如劍五第64頁(yè)1到4題，先觀察選項(xiàng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)1，2，4全部指向某一個(gè)教育項(xiàng)目。只要找出教育項(xiàng)目出自哪些段落便可事半功倍。然則這是步，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有c,d,e, 三個(gè)段落體現(xiàn)了教育項(xiàng)目。在三對(duì)三的情況下，我們將3，4分別對(duì)應(yīng)到了c,e;此題無NB,可大膽將d對(duì)應(yīng)1段，無須細(xì)看文章。
其實(shí)，在雅思閱讀考試中取得好成績(jī)的真正秘技就在于，不要盲從于所謂速成的“秘訣”，而應(yīng)該同時(shí)兼顧能力的培養(yǎng)和技巧的訓(xùn)練，在扎實(shí)的語言能力基礎(chǔ)上，真正獲得高分的通行證和留學(xué)的語言利器。"無招勝有招"，莫過如此。
其四：“內(nèi)息”——背景知識(shí)要熟悉。
俗話說"外練筋骨皮，內(nèi)練一口氣"。內(nèi)息可謂人體基礎(chǔ)之基礎(chǔ)。從語言學(xué)習(xí)的角度看自然指的是背景知識(shí)。 筆者英語專業(yè)畢業(yè)，熟練本專業(yè)的同時(shí)涉獵甚廣，人文地理，學(xué)醫(yī)習(xí)武，樂在其中，故自號(hào)無術(shù)不學(xué)。在做題之前，往往已成竹在胸，知題之所云。
如近一段時(shí)間多次出現(xiàn)的語言學(xué)和口譯試題，因?yàn)楸M在筆者專業(yè)英語所學(xué)范圍之內(nèi)，所以解答起來頗為輕松。還有眼鏡蛇毒一文，因?yàn)閷?duì)相關(guān)的國(guó)家地理和探索頻道節(jié)目頗為關(guān)注，加上自小受家庭熏陶，對(duì)醫(yī)藥和毒物略知一二，自然也就沒花多少力氣。筆者在這里推薦各位烤鴨把喝咖啡和手牽手的時(shí)間節(jié)省一些出來，把看韓劇的熱情投入到品味國(guó)家地理，探索頻道，以及bbc節(jié)目中來，結(jié)合考試的常見題材加以學(xué)習(xí)，假以時(shí)日，必有所成。若能持之以恒，必有大成。其中之樂，一言難盡。
雅思閱讀背景知識(shí):劍橋大學(xué)簡(jiǎn)介
a : Introduction
The University of Cambridge is a loose confederation of faculties, Colleges, and other bodies. The University works with a relatively small central administration, and with central governing and supervisory bodies consisting of, and mainly elected by, the current academic personnel of the Faculties and Colleges. An unusually large part of Cambridge's day-to-day administration is carried out by teaching staff on behalf of their colleagues, and the University's legislative structure is in practice unusually open to consultation and participation. The procedural rules are embodied in the University's Ordinances, which prescribe in some detail the formal administrative practices. These rules are made in most cases by the University itself, within a framework set by the Statutes, which can only be changed with the approval of The Queen in Council. The University's volume of Statutes and Ordinances, published triennially with annual supplements, is readily available throughout the University, and contains the basis of its constitution, procedures and practice. Full details of the membership of all the academic and administrative bodies described in this booklet are given in a special October issue of the University's weekly official journal Cambridge University Reporter, with subsequent changes noted in ordinary issues.
To understand how the 'Cambridge' structure operates, it helps to keep the historical origins in mind. The University was established in about 1209 to examine and to confer Degrees. The first Colleges, each autonomous and independent with its own Governing Body and Charter, were established later, from 1284, principally to teach and house students at all levels. Today, the Colleges are mainly concerned with the teaching of their undergraduates and the academic support of both graduate and undergraduate students, and of scholars and research workers of outstanding merit. In this century the role of the University has hugely expanded through the provision of facilities, such as teaching and research laboratories, which it is practically possible only to provide centrally. The University employs Professors, Readers, Lecturers and other teaching and administrative staff who provide the formal teaching (lectures, seminars and practical classes). The Colleges supplement their teaching with supervisions, given by Fellows or others appointed by the College, and each College also provides library and other learning resources exclusively for its own members.
The University retains sole responsibility for examinations and for conferring Degrees. The Colleges, on the other hand, have responsibility for selecting, admitting and accommodating all undergraduate students, and a student cannot enter the University unless he or she also becomes a member of a College. However, the University lays down the admission qualifications for undergraduate students, and also has certain controls over the statutes of the individual colleges.
This Guide deals only with the principal officials, institutions and procedures of the University as distinct from the Colleges.
The University of Cambridge is one of the oldest universities in the world, and one of the largest in the United Kingdom. It has a world-wide reputation for outstanding academic achievement and the high quality of research undertaken in a wide range of science and arts subjects. The University pioneers work in the understanding of disease, the creation of new materials, advances in telecommunications and research into the origins of the universe. It trains doctors, vets, architects, engineers and teachers. At all levels about half of the students at Cambridge study arts and humanities subjects, many of whom have gone on to become prominent figures in the arts, print and broadcast media. The University's achievements in the sciences can be measured by the sixty or more Nobel Prizes awarded to its members over the years.
Constitution of the University
The University is a self-governing body: the legislative authority is the Regent House, which consists of the three thousand or so members of the teaching and administrative staff of the University and Colleges who have the MA (or MA status) or a higher degree. The principal administrative body of the University is the Council, which consists mainly of members of the academic staff elected by the Regent House. The General Board of the Faculties co-ordinates the educational policy of the University and the Finance Committee of the Council supervises its financial affairs.