雅思如何快速的閱讀
經(jīng)常有學(xué)生說:老師,我閱讀考試總是做不完,怎么辦?一般會告訴他:基本上這種情況,原因有兩個,要么是因?yàn)樵~匯量不夠;如果詞匯量也不小,速度還是上不去的話,那就是因?yàn)闆]有練習(xí)過快速閱讀。下面是小編給大家?guī)淼难潘既绾慰焖俚拈喿x,希望能幫到大家!
雅思如何快速的閱讀
那么首先我們要解決一個問題,何謂快速閱讀(fast reading)?
就雅思閱讀方式而言,我們通常分成了精讀和泛讀兩種,精讀即按照字、詞等少數(shù)幾個單字為單位逐個閱讀,這是我們從學(xué)習(xí)英語(論壇)以來,老師們最為駕輕就熟的一種方式,他們會帶著我們從一篇文章的個單詞,逐字逐句的分析到一個單詞,直到把這篇文章分析得是體無完膚;而泛讀則要求我們泛泛而讀,不必那么的理解文章,但是要求廣、博、泛、快。而泛讀里比較常用的一種閱讀方式就是快速閱讀。
快速閱讀將被閱讀的文字以組或行、塊為單位進(jìn)行大小不一的整體閱讀,而“組”或“塊”內(nèi)所包含的往往可能是詞組、半行、一行、多行甚至整頁內(nèi)容(我們稱之為“意群”),它是一種讓我們能夠從文字材料中迅速接收信息的閱讀法。
沒有經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練的閱讀者一般來說一分鐘能讀100—200個單詞,而經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練后一般能達(dá)到300—400單詞/分,而有些個體則可能達(dá)到每分鐘1000多,在我訓(xùn)練過多學(xué)生里,最快的能達(dá)到每分鐘800字左右。
其次,我們來看看快速閱讀與雅思考試的關(guān)系。
快速閱讀是一種我們在生活中經(jīng)常應(yīng)用的一種閱讀方法,無論是在瀏覽報紙,還是查詢網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息,隨時隨地我們都可能通過快速閱讀獲取有效信息。而快速閱讀主要運(yùn)用了兩種閱讀技能:略讀(skimming)和尋讀(scanning)。而略讀和訓(xùn)讀在雅思閱讀里都是頻繁使用的閱讀技能。接下來我們看看略讀和訓(xùn)讀在雅思閱讀里是如何有效運(yùn)用到雅思閱讀里的。
粗中有細(xì)做略讀
略讀又被稱為跳讀或?yàn)g覽,是指以盡可能快的閱讀速度,有選擇性地獲取大意與信息,而文章的非重點(diǎn)部分可以不讀的閱讀方式。略讀時,因?yàn)樗俣瓤?,理解水平略低是比較正常的現(xiàn)象,開始時平均理解率達(dá)到五成就可以了,經(jīng)過有效的訓(xùn)練,通常能達(dá)到七八成。那么我們該怎么做略讀呢?
略讀時我們應(yīng)當(dāng)運(yùn)用兩大技能:
1. 按照意群瀏覽,而不是一個單詞接一個單詞地看,以減少眼球的移動。我們來看下面四個句子:
World/science/is/dominated/today/by/a/small/number/of/languages。
World science/is dominated today/by a small number of/languages。
World science is dominated today/by a small number of languages。
World science is dominated today by a small number of languages。
句是一個單詞一個單詞的讀,一句一氣呵成,不難看出,什么樣的讀法更能體現(xiàn)速度,而且事實(shí)上,一個句子里,像副詞、介詞、冠詞等成分其實(shí)是大可不必看的,如果我們只抓主謂賓等成分,閱讀效率就能大大得到提高。
2. 緊抓段落的主題句。抓住主題句就等于掌握了段落大意,略去細(xì)節(jié)不讀,以求得略讀速度。
這種看似很粗的閱讀過程中,又隱含了對某些細(xì)節(jié)的掌握,比如主題句,比如一個句子里的關(guān)鍵詞,因此,我們把這叫做粗中有細(xì)做略讀。
略讀在雅思閱讀考試中的運(yùn)用非常廣泛,當(dāng)學(xué)生拿到一篇文章時,他如果想要拿高分,首先要對文章進(jìn)行一個全面的概括性的了解,那么他就需要花一分鐘左右對整篇文章進(jìn)行一個整體性的把握,這時就需要運(yùn)用到略讀;在做list of headings,段落加信息的匹配題,都可能運(yùn)用到略讀,尤其是段落加信息的匹配題需要我們快速瀏覽一個段落,發(fā)現(xiàn)與題目相匹配的有用信息,沒有這種快速閱讀的能力,勢必會浪費(fèi)大量的時間,而且正確率還得不到保證。
雅思閱讀精選:希拉里.克林頓因血栓住院
推薦閱讀方法:首先快速閱讀全文,掌握文章大意,提高閱讀速度;再進(jìn)行精讀訓(xùn)練,學(xué)習(xí)其中的詞匯和語言的用法。
2012年12月31日雅思閱讀精選:希拉里.克林頓因血栓住院(From:BBC News)
Hillary Clinton in hospital with blood clot after fall
Mrs Clinton suffered a concussion following a fall in mid-DecemberContinue reading the main
US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton has been admitted to hospital in New York with a blood clot, officials say.
Mrs Clinton suffered a concussion earlier this month after fainting and falling down.
At the time, she was reported to have had a stomach virus and to have passed out after becoming dehydrated.
Mrs Clinton is due to stand down as secretary of state before US President Barack Obama officially begins his second term in January.
Doctors discovered the clot during a follow-up examination on Sunday, her spokesman Philippe Reines said.
"She is being treated with anti-coagulants and is at New York-Presbyterian Hospital so that they can monitor the medication over the next 48 hours," he said.
"They will determine if any further action is required."
Mrs Clinton is being treated at the New York-Presbyterian Hospital
Mrs Clinton is due to give evidence before a Congressional committee in January in connection with the attack in September on the US consulate in the Libyan city of Benghazi.
The US ambassador to Libya and three American officials were killed in the incident.
Mrs Clinton was appointed secretary of state at the start of Mr Obama's first term, in January 2009.
Her most recent foreign trip was to Dublin earlier this month.
Mrs Clinton, 65, is known for her gruelling travel schedule.
She is the most travelled secretary of state in history, having visited 112 countries while in the job, the Associated Press says.
Earlier this month, President Obama nominated Senator John Kerry - the Massachusetts Democrat who heads the Senate Foreign Relations Committee - to replace Mrs Clinton as secretary of state.
She has repeatedly said that she only intended to serve one term in the post.